Joints of Upper Limb.pptx
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This document discusses the various joints of the upper limb, including: - The elbow joint, which has humero-radial and humero-ulnar parts, and associated ligaments and movements. - The superior, middle, and inferior radio-ulnar joints which connect the radius and ulna. - The wrist joint and joints of the hand, including intercarpal joints and joints between metacarpals and phalanges.
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Joints of Upper Limb.pptx
- 1. JOINTS OF UPPER LIMB DR. SUNDIP CHARMODE ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
- 2. OBJECTIVES • Enumerate various joints of upper limb • Describe structure, ligaments, relations of each joint • Describe movements taking place at each joint • Discuss clinical correlation of each joint
- 3. VARIOUS JOINTS OF UPPER LIMB • Elbow joint • Superior Radio-ulnar joint • Middle Radio-ulnar joint • Inferior Radio-ulnar joint • Wrist (Radio-carpal) joint • Joints of Hand
- 4. VARIOUS JOINTS OF HAND • Intercarpal joint • Mid carpal joint • Inter-metacarpal joint • Carpo-metacarpal joint • Carpo-metacarpal joint of thumb • Interphalangeal joints
- 5. ELBOW JOINT • Compound joint with two components: • Humero-radial part – Ball and socket type • Humero-ulnar part – Hinge type • Superior Radio-ulnar joint – Pivot type
- 9. LIGAMENTS • Capsular ligament • Synovial membrane • Ulnar collateral ligament • Radial collateral ligament
- 20. BURSAE • Above the olecranon • Subcutaneous bursa on the dorsal triangular surface of Olecranon process • Between biceps tendon and smooth anterior part of radial tuberosity.
- 21. RELATIONS • In front – Brachialis, Biceps, Median nerve, Brachial artery • Behind – Triceps and Anconeus • Medially – Common origin of superficial flexors, FCU, Ulnar nerve • Laterally - Common origin of superficial extensors, supinator, ECRB, Radial nerve.
- 22. BLOOD AND NERVE SUPPLY • Musculocutaneous nerve – Anterior part of capsule • Radial nerve – Posterior and Lateral part of capsule • Ulnar nerve – Ulnar collateral ligament
- 23. MOVEMENTS • Flexion – 150 degrees • Extension • Swinging movement • Slight conjunct movement : • Ulna – pronated - extension • Ulna – supinated - flexion
- 24. MUSCLES CAUSING MOVEMENTS FLEXION • Brachialis • Biceps brachii • Brachioradialis • Pronator teres • Flexor carpi radialis EXTENSION • Triceps • Anconeus • Assisted by gravity
- 25. CLINICAL CORRELATION • Supra condylar fracture • Dislocation of elbow • Cubitus elbow • Tennis elbow • Golfer’s elbow
- 26. SUPERIOR RADIO-ULNAR JOINT • It is a Pivot joint of synovial variety.
- 27. ARTICULATING SURFACES 1. Strip of articular circumference of radius 2. Osseo-fibrous ring i. Radial notch – 1/5th - bony ii. Annular ligament – 4/5th – fibrous
- 29. ANNULAR LIGAMENT • It keeps radial head in position • Attached to two ends of radial notch of Ulna • It is continuous above with fibrous capsule of elbow joint • Few fibers from the distal border forms the thin Quadrate ligament • This ligament reflects on to the radial neck.
- 30. ANNULAR LIGAMENT • It is covered from inside by articular cartilage close to the head of radius. • Externally and above it blends with Radial collateral ligament.
- 35. MIDDLE RADIO-ULNAR JOINT • It connects the shafts of radius and ulna by syndesmosis consisting of : i. Oblique cord ii. Interosseous membrane
- 36. OBLIQUE CORD • Thin, fibrous band • Extends downwards and laterally from lateral side of ulnar tuberosity to lower part of radial tuberosity. • The direction of the fibers of the band is at right angles to that of fibers of Interosseous membrane.
- 38. INTEROSSEOUS MEMBRANE • It is a broad , fibrous sheet extending between the interosseous borders of radius and ulna. • Upper border is free and presents a triangular gap between it and oblique cord for transmission of Posterior Interosseous vessels.
- 39. INTEROSSEOUS MEMBRANE • At the lower end the interosseous membrane blends with fibrous capsule of Inferior radio-ulnar joint. • Below the lower border it presents an oval gap for transmission of Anterior Interosseous vessels. • Direction of fibers is from downwards and medially from radius to ulna.
- 41. INFERIOR RADIO-ULNAR JOINT • It is a uniaxial pivot joint.
- 42. ARTICULATING BONES • Articular surface of head of Ulna • Concave ulnar notch of Radius • Both the bones are enclosed in an articular capsule and connected below by an articular disc.
- 43. ARTICULAR DISC • It is a triangular plate of fibro cartilage separating the head of ulna from the wrist joint. • Apex – attached to depression between distal articular surface of head of ulna and its styloid process • Base – attached to a ridge between the ulnar notch and the carpal articulating surface of radius.
- 44. ARTICULAR DISC • It slower margin blends with the fibrous capsule of inferior radio-ulnar joint and wrist joint.
- 48. MUSCLES CAUSING MOVEMENTS PRONATION • Pronator quadratus assisted by • Pronator teres • Flexor carpi radialis • Gravity SUPINATION • Supinator • Biceps brachii
- 49. CLINICAL CORRELATION • Pulled elbow