Global warming is caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, which increase greenhouse gas emissions. This has led to a rise in average global temperatures of 0.74°C over the past century according to the IPCC. If emissions continue at their current rate, global temperatures could increase by 1.1-6.4°C by 2100, causing sea level rise and changes in weather patterns. While political debates continue, the scientific consensus is that human-induced global warming poses risks such as stronger extreme weather, species extinction, and reduced agricultural productivity.