This document discusses genetically engineered agricultural practices. It begins by defining key terms like agriculture, biotechnology, and genetic engineering. It then outlines some pros and cons of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), providing examples of engineered foods and the corporations that produce them. The document notes that four countries grow most of the world's GM crops and that the top three are soy, rapeseed, and sweet corn. It also explains U.S. regulations around GMOs and labeling, and concludes by advising readers on identifying GMO ingredients and advocating for non-GMO choices.
Biotechnology in agriculture and BioInformatics in AgricultureAbubaker Shekhani
This presentation is final project of my course Bioinformatics back in 2010. Bioinformatics and biotechnology together has a great role in Agriculture.
What is a GMO? Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are living organisms whose genetic material has been artificially manipulated in a laboratory through genetic engineering. This creates combinations of plant, animal, bacteria, and virus genes that do not occur in nature or through traditional crossbreeding methods.
One specific concern is the possibility for GMOs to negatively affect human health. This could result from differences in nutritional content, allergic response, or undesired side effects such as toxicity, organ damage, or gene transfer.
Contrary to what some believe, GMO crops can actually allow farmers to use less (and less toxic) pesticides on their fields. ... “On average, GM technology adoption has reduced chemical pesticide use by 37%, increased crop yields by 22%, and increased farmer profits by 68%.”
Genetically Modified Seed Contamination: A Review of Cases of Contamination, Illegal Planting and Negative Side Effects of Genetically Modified Organisms
GM Crops Policies: Perspectives from IndiaDhanuraj D
GM Crops Policies: Perspectives from India. Presented during the interaction with Semester At Sea Students of 2014 batch. The slides present the policy issues and the debates in India especially the role of regulator in bio safety
Dr. Marty D. Matlock - Impacts of GMO Products on Food Security and TradeJohn Blue
Impacts of GMO Products on Food Security and Trade - Marty D. Matlock, PhD PE BCEE, Executive Director, Office for Sustainability, Area Director, Center for Agricultural and Rural Sustainability, Professor, Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, from the 2014 NIAA Annual Conference titled 'The Precautionary Principle: How Agriculture Will Thrive', March 31 - April 2, 2014, Omaha, NE, USA.
More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2014_niaa_how_animal_agriculture_will_thrive
Genetically modified foods or GM foods, also known as genetically engineered foods, bioengineered foods, genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, are foods produced from organisms that have had changes introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic engineering.
Biotechnology in agriculture and BioInformatics in AgricultureAbubaker Shekhani
This presentation is final project of my course Bioinformatics back in 2010. Bioinformatics and biotechnology together has a great role in Agriculture.
What is a GMO? Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are living organisms whose genetic material has been artificially manipulated in a laboratory through genetic engineering. This creates combinations of plant, animal, bacteria, and virus genes that do not occur in nature or through traditional crossbreeding methods.
One specific concern is the possibility for GMOs to negatively affect human health. This could result from differences in nutritional content, allergic response, or undesired side effects such as toxicity, organ damage, or gene transfer.
Contrary to what some believe, GMO crops can actually allow farmers to use less (and less toxic) pesticides on their fields. ... “On average, GM technology adoption has reduced chemical pesticide use by 37%, increased crop yields by 22%, and increased farmer profits by 68%.”
Genetically Modified Seed Contamination: A Review of Cases of Contamination, Illegal Planting and Negative Side Effects of Genetically Modified Organisms
GM Crops Policies: Perspectives from IndiaDhanuraj D
GM Crops Policies: Perspectives from India. Presented during the interaction with Semester At Sea Students of 2014 batch. The slides present the policy issues and the debates in India especially the role of regulator in bio safety
Dr. Marty D. Matlock - Impacts of GMO Products on Food Security and TradeJohn Blue
Impacts of GMO Products on Food Security and Trade - Marty D. Matlock, PhD PE BCEE, Executive Director, Office for Sustainability, Area Director, Center for Agricultural and Rural Sustainability, Professor, Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, from the 2014 NIAA Annual Conference titled 'The Precautionary Principle: How Agriculture Will Thrive', March 31 - April 2, 2014, Omaha, NE, USA.
More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2014_niaa_how_animal_agriculture_will_thrive
Genetically modified foods or GM foods, also known as genetically engineered foods, bioengineered foods, genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, are foods produced from organisms that have had changes introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic engineering.
The presentation is about the introduction, usage, benefits and disadvantages of biological techniques through we are producing genetically modified foods
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
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micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
2. Agriculture as We Know It
• The production of crops, livestock, or
poultry.
• The cultivating of land and rearing of
crops and livestock.
• Farming!
3. What is Biotechnology?
• The use of microorganisms, such as bacteria
or yeasts, or biological substances, such as
enzymes, to perform specific industrial or
manufacturing processes.
– Applications include production of;
• Pharmaceuticals
• Synthetic hormones
• Foodstuffs
• Fibers
• Animal feeds
4. What is Genetic Engineering?
• The science of altering genes to produce a new
trait in an organism or to make a biological
substance, such as a protein or hormone.
• Involves the creation of recombinant DNA, which
is then inserted into the genetic material of a cell.
• A desired trait from one plant or animal species is
isolated and then inserted into another plant or
animal species.
• Genetically engineered organisms are also
known as genetically modified or transgenic.
5. Pros of GMOs
• Sustainability.
• Food security.
• Increased production yields.
• Drought resistant crops.
• Crops that use soil nutrients more efficiently.
• Crops with higher nutritional content.
• Plants that produce pharmaceuticals.
• Herbicide tolerant crops.
• Pest resistant crops.
• Reduced erosion.
(Biotechnology Industry Organization, 2010)
6. Cons of GMOs
• Allergic reaction.
• Antibiotic resistance.
• Loss of nutrition.
• Damage to environment.
• Gene mutation.
• Gene pollution.
• Cross-pollination (super-weeds).
(Sustainable Table, n.d.)
8. Who Makes these Foods?
Corporations
• Monsanto- the makers of Roundup and
other herbicides.
• DuPont- the makers of a variety of
insecticides and herbicides
• Dow Chemical Corporation- the makers of
chemicals, plastics, oil and gas, and many
other modern products.
(Monsanto, DuPont, Dow Chemical corporation)
9. • 4 countries grow 99% of the world’s GM
crops…
• US (68%)
• Argentina (22%)
• Canada (6%)
• China (3%)
(Sustainable Table, 2011).
The 3 most common GM foods;
o Soybeans
o Rapeseed
o Sweet corn
(Bionet, 2011).
10. Who Regulates these New Foods?
• Food & Drug Administration (FDA).
• US Department of Agriculture (USDA).
• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
(Schlenker & Roth, 2011)
11. Do You Know What You Are
Eating?
You may not know if you are
eating a product that contains
ingredients from a GM source.
GM food sources do not require
labeling unless the modification;
increased the allergenicity
reduced the nutrient content
(Schlenker & Roth, 2011).
12. Look for this label…
Ingredients change in products all the time.
If you do not see the Non-GMO Project label the best thing
you can do is check the ingredients list of the products you
buy.
Keep a look out for:
• Corn: corn oil, corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup, corn
starch, corn meal
• Soy: soy protein, soy lecithin, soy oil, soy sauce, soy
isolates
• Canola: canola oil
• Cotton: cottonseed oil
(Center for Food Safety, n.d.)
13. What Can You Do?
• Vote with your fork!
• Buy organic!
• Demand labeling!
• Petition for a GMO-free World!
• Look for foods that are labeled GMO free!
• Visit
– sustanabletable.org
– truefoodnow.org
– responsibletechnology.org
14. References
• Bionet, (2002). Future Food. Retrieved from http://www.bionetonline.org/english/content/ff_cont1.htm .
• Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO), (2010). Food & Agriculture. Retrieved from
http://www.bio.org/foodag/ .
• Butcher, M. (2009). Genetically Modified Food - GM Foods List and Information. Retrieved from
http://www.disabled-world.com/fitness/gm-foods.php .
• Center for Food Safety, (n.d.). The True Food Shoppers’ Guide to Avoiding GMOs. Retrieved from
http://truefoodnow.org/shoppers-guide/
• Dow Chemical Corporation, (2011). Dow website. Retrieved from http://www.dow.com/ .
• DuPont, (2011). DuPont website. Retrieved from http://www2.dupont.com/DuPont_Home/en_US/index.html .
• Institute for Responsible Technology, (2010). Non-GMO Shopping Guide: How to avoid foods made with
genetically modified organisms. Retrieved from http://nongmoshoppingguide.com/Non-GMO-Shopping-
Guide.pdf .
• Monsanto, (2011). Monsanto website. Retrieved from http://www.monsanto.com/Pages/default.aspx .
• Schlenker, E. and Roth, S., (2011). Williams’ Essentials of Nutrition and Diet Therapy. Missouri; Elsevier
Mosby.
• Sustainable Table, (n.d.). The Issues: Genetic Engineering. Retrieved from
http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/ge/ .
• Pictures from Microsoft Office Program Clipart.
• Definitions from http://dictionary.reference.com/ .
Editor's Notes
Today, I will be talking about the new way to grow foods in the United Stated.
Agriculture is working the land to grow fruits, vegetables, nuts, and grains. Agriculture is raising livestock and poultry. We even farm fish. Farming has been the major source of food for ages.
Biotechnology has been around for a very long time and has many great uses.Food we produce in the field can be altered in form as a way to create new food products and medicines. Humankind has made beers and wines since ancient times by using yeast with other ingredients such as juices of fruits and a concoction of grains. Humankind has come up with innovative ways to produce medicines by expelling essence from plants and by growing molds.
Now we have a new biotechnology called genetic engineering. With genetic engineering humankind can now produce new foods by inserting a specific gene directly into the DNA of the product they want to change. A desired trait is taken from one species and inserted into another species.The ability to alter the genetics of a plant or animal without having to go through generations of breeding for the desired trait opens up a whole new World.
These are some of the great things that could be brought about by creating genetically engineered organisms.A plant can be given a gene to help produce more nutrients.An animal can be given a gene to help it produce a specific vitamin or mineral.Cows can be made to produce the vitamins that are now added.Humankind can also make a plant that originally needs a humid environment more adaptable to drier weather.
But most of the GMO foods being made today are made for only a few of those reasons.Herbicide and pesticide resistance is the most commonly added trait to food crops today.Plants that are pest resistant have a natural pesticide gene and may kill off helpful insects as well as the harmful ones.People may have allergic reactions when one plant food gets the trait of a plant food that may cause a reaction in some people, such as peanut or soy genes in a very unsuspecting guise of a strawberry. GE plants cannot be contained from contaminating the native population because of the simple fact that pollination is not something humans can control.Birds and insects help to fertilize plants, as does the wind.We walk through a field and seeds attach themselves to our pant legs and we carry them with us to where they need to go.The science of GE seems like it could have some good uses but being able to control the effects on the environment seems beyond human capability.Not to mention there is no solid information that states GE foods are safe for human consumption in the long run. Minimal studies are done before these foods are put on the market.Take rBGH (a GE hormone) which has been given to cows for decades is now being considered bad for our health. When they started giving this hormone to cows to boost milk production people were told it was completely safe.
These are just some of the foods that have been genetically engineered.The first five are the most commonly grown and are used in many of the products people buy regularly.Not all of these foods have made it to the market yet but many are in the process.
Corporations that have been making chemical products for generations are now in the business of making seeds.These companies sell seeds, as well as the herbicides, pesticides, and even equipment, to farmers around the World.
The US not only grows the majority of GE products they also use the majority of these products.The 3 most common GM foods are also the 3 most used oils in the American kitchen.
The government does regulate GE products.FDA has the responsibility to ensure the safety of the GE foods and any food ingredients derived from genetic engineering. USDA and EPA are responsible for ensuring the safety of GE agriculture on animals and the environment.
None of us can be certain that what we are eating contains no GMOs. Although these foods are regulated they are not required to be labeled, unless they have an increased chance of causing an allergic reaction or they have lost nutritional value due to the modification.
Some companies have chosen to label their foods non-GMO because they want people to know they are not using GMOs.But not all products are labeled and the only way to know you are limiting your intake of a potentially harmful GE food is to look for the 4 most common foods that are in prepackaged products we buy regularly.
The best thing any of us can do is become aware of what is going on in the food industry. As the saying goes, “knowledge is power.” If we refuse to buy questionable foods, we are demanding labeling by voting with our fork.Once we have labeling we will know what we want to buy and what we would rather leave on the shelf.If we refuse to eat foods that are genetically engineered we can stop this new way of agriculture and save our World for future generations.