The document discusses the key doctrines of Jainism. It states that according to Jain science, the universe is comprised of six universal substances - soul, matter, space, time, dynamic medium, and stationary medium. It describes the Jain view of reality as a combination of soul and matter. Karma is said to occur due to ignorance and is the cause of bondage for souls. The ultimate goal in Jainism is to free the soul from karma through rational perception, knowledge, and conduct. The five main vows of Jainism - nonviolence, truthfulness, non-stealing, sexual purity, and non-possession - are also summarized.

1. Six Universal Substances
 According to Jain Science, the universe is comprised of
six substances
 Soul (Jiva)
 Matter (Ajiva)
 Space (Akash)
 Time (Kal)
 Dynamic medium (Dharmastikay)
 Stationary medium (Adharmastikay)

2. JAINA REALITY:
 JIVA (souls)
 AJIVA (material atoms)
 EACH LIVING THING IS A COMBINATION OF
JIVAAND AJIVA
 THEIR MOVEMENTS CAUSE THE CREATION
AND DESTRUCTION OF EVERYTHING
AROUND US
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3. JIVA
 In its PURE state, not associated with matter
 Consciousness its essence
 All are alike
Main characteristics:
 KNOWLEDGE: omniscient
 BLISS: utterly pure
 ENERGY: unlimited
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4. “Soul - God” –
Each living being
has a Soul; God is a
fully enlightened
Soul. Each Soul is
capable of
becoming God.

5. QUALITIES OF SOUL
 QUALITIES
unlimited
Utterly pure
Omniscience

6. Why the soul, which
possesses infinite faith,
infinite bliss and infinite
power, seems limited &
differ?
Obstacles of Karma

7. WHAT DEFILES SOUL?
KARMA
KARMA: MATTER
 Obstructs knowledge
 Defiles bliss
 Limits energy
 MATTER IS SEEN AS A SHACKLE BINDING THE
SOUL
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8. WHY DOES KARMA OCCUR?
If soul is inherently pure, why embodied in matter?
 No answer/no real question
 THE CONDITION IS THE BEGINNING POINT
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9. FOR JAINS, THE ORIGIN OF
KARMIC MATTER IS NOT
IMPORTANT
BUT ITS REMOVAL
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10. What is Karma?
Karma is a matter(Pudgal) determining the
fate of the soul in rebirths
It is composed of very fine karmic
particles = karmons
Entire Universe is filled with Karmic
Particles

11. Jain Karma Theory
Law of Cause and Effect
Law of Action and Reaction
What one sows, one reaps
Our intention behind our actions of mind,
speech and body binds us with Karma

12. Empowering Theory
 While the Law of Karma dictates what we are
experiencing now to be the result of our own past
action.
 Only WE are responsible for our past, present and
future and only WE can alter it. No one else can!

13. Jiva (Soul)
Extended substance
Many bodies there are many souls.
Soul
Liberated(Mukta)
Bound(Baddha)

14. Bound soul
1. Mobile(trasa)
2. Immobile(sthavana) Lives in atoms
and vegetable kingdom
Mobile Soul
•Having two senses(worms)
•Three senses(ants)
•Four senses(wasps)
•Five senses(higher animals)

15. Six Universal Substances
According to Jain Science, the universe is
comprised of six substances
 Soul (Jiva)
 Matter (Ajiva)
 Space (Akash)
 Time (Kal)
 Dynamic medium (Dharmastikay)
 Stationary medium (Adharmastikay)

16. BASIC DOCTRINES
 BONDAGE (KARMA)
 LIBERATION (REMOVAL OF KARMIC MATTER)
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17. CAUSES OF BONDAGE:
 IGNORANCE
 Responsibility? Ourselves!
 Through thought, speech, action – CREATE OUR OWN
BONDAGE
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18. KARMA
 EACH PRESENT MOMENT OF EXISTENCE IS
‘EARNED’ BY OUR PAST ACTIONS
 EACH FUTURE LIFE IS ‘EARNED’ BY OUR
PRESENT LIFE
 CONDUCT OF THOUGHTS, SPEECH, ACTIONS
CAUSES BONDAGE
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19. THE ULTIMATE GOAL
To free our soul from its bondage of
Karma
Through (Three Jewels:tri-ratna)
1.Samyak Darshan (Rational
Perception)
2.Samyak Gnyan (Rational
Knowledge)
3.Samyak Charitra (Rational
Conduct)

20. Fivefold spiritual discipline
Maha vrata anu vrata
Great vows lesser vows
1.Non-Injury (ahimsa)
2.Non-uttering of falsehood (satya)
3.Non-stealing (asetya)
4.Abstention from sensuality (brahmacharya)
5.Non-possession (aparigraha)

21. Ahimsa (Non violence)
• Ahimsa is disciplined behavior towards
every living being - Dashvaikalika Sutra
(6/9)
• Absence of violence of any sort towards all
beings at all times is Ahimsa. - Yogasutra
• In its absolute definition, ‘Ahimsa is the
absence of evil thoughts, feelings or attitude’

22. Ahimsa (Non violence)
• Ahimsa is not to be practised at the physical
level only but at a mental one as well. In
other words, it is stated that there should be
no Himsa by ‘ Man ‘ (mind), ‘Vachan’
(speech), or ‘Kaya” (body).
• Even hurting feelings is himsa.

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TOOLS OF AHIMSA VOW: MONKS
AND NUNS
 Whisk broom utilized when walking
 Straining water for organisms
 Face cloth
 Strict vegetarianism, OR, fruitarianism, the
practice of only eating that which will not kill
the plant or animal from which it is taken. e.g.
milk, fruit, nuts.
 Never lighting a lamp at night, never walking
in the dark, never put out a fire
 Bathing is forbidden, as it harms the water and
the vermin on the body.

24. 24
TRUTHFULNESS (SATYA)
Great care must be taken that speech is
always positive
Closely related to ahimsa – speech
resulting in ‘hurting’ must be avoided
THUS, AT THE END OF A MONK’S
LIFE, HE OR SHE MAY REFRAIN
FROM SPEAKING AT ALL
Honesty characteristic of Jain business
people

25. 25
SEXUAL PURITY (BRAHMACARYA)
Ascetics – no sexual activity – no
THOUGHT of sex
Laypeople – no sexual activities or
thoughts outside of marriage

26. 26
NONATTACHMENT (APARIGRAHA)
More than simple non-possession
GOAL = completely ridding the self of
thoughts and attitudes that are vehicles of
desire

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LAST STAGE
 MOKSHA (COMPLETE LIBERATION)
 CAN ONLY BE ACHIEVED BY ARHANT IN A
MOMENT PRIOR TO DEATH
 WHERE ALL KARMIC ACTIONS AND
THOUGHT ARE COMPLETED GOTTEN RID OF
 UNLIKE BUDDHISTS AND HINDHUS
 TOTAL PERFECTION IS NOT POSSIBLE
DURING LIFE
 COMES ONLY UPON THE FINAL DEATH

28. Unique Teachings of Jainism
• God is not a Creator, Preserver or Destroyer
of the Universe
• Every living being has a potential to
become God
• Path of liberation is to follow rational
perception, rational Knowledge and rational
conduct
• Conquer your desire by your own effort to
attain liberation

29. THANK YOU