1. The document provides an overview of the history of Philippine poetry across four major periods: pre-colonial, Spanish colonial, US colonial, and contemporary. 2. During the pre-colonial period, popular folk verses were divided into categories like songs sung at home, street songs, and rowing songs. 3. The Spanish colonial period saw the introduction of Christian themes of sin and guilt in Tagalog poetry. Metrical romances called awit or korido also became popular.

1. RULES
1. By group ( according to your line).
2. Each group is given 10 seconds to answer the
wordles.
3. After 10 seconds all pens must be up.
4. Seat back and feel relax and enjoy the game

6. C
INTRODUCTION TO
PHILIPPINE POETRY

7. FOUR MAJOR LITERARY
PERIODS
Pre- colonial or Pre-Hispanic (before
1521)
Spanish Colonial (1521-1898)
US Colonial ( 1898- 1946)
Contemporary (1946- present)

8. C
PRE- COLONIAL
OR PRE-HISPANIC
(BEFORE 1521)

9. SALAWIKAIN

10. Popular folk musical verse was divided into several
categories:
1. the diona, talindao, and auit or awit (songs sung at home)
2. indolanin and dolayanin (street songs);
3. hila, soliranin, and manigpasin (rowing songs);
4. holohorlo and oyayi (cradle songs);
5. ombayi (songs of sadness);
6. omiguing (songs of tenderness);
7. tagumpay (triumphant songs)

11. C
SPANISH
COLONIAL
(1521-1898)

12. Satanas (Satan) first appeared in Tagalog poetry,
and the Christian themes of sin, guilt, and
retribution became central concerns of the native
population. In 1610, Tomas Pinpin, a Filipino poet
working for the Dominican printing press in Bataan
(a town outside Manila), wrote a book entitled
Librong Pagaaralan nang manga Tagalog nang Uicang
Castila (A Book in Which Tagalogs May Study the
Spanish Language).

13. C
METRICAL ROMANCES CALLED
AWIT OR KORIDO WERE ALSO
POPULAR WITH THE LITERARY
CROWDS.

14. •The first Filipino female poet
to attain outside recognition.
•Her poems were exhibited in
the Exposition Filipina in 1887
in Madrid and in the 1889
Exposition Internationale in
Paris.
Leona Florentino

15. C
Written by Francisco Baltazar
also known as balagtas
(1788–1862). The most
influential Tagalog romance
of the period was the
politically cryptic

16. The first book of poetry written in
Spanish by a Filipino named Pedro
Paterno
(1858–1911), which was printed in
Spain. Paterno, Marcelo H. Del Pilar
(1850–
1896), Jose Rizal (1861–1896), and
Isabelo De Los Reyes (1864–1918)
were
literary and political figures called
Ilustrados (enlightened ones) who
were living
in Madrid and working to attain
political freedom for the natives
back in the
Philippines

17. C
POETRY AND METRICAL
ROMANCES

20. C
POETRY IN THE
U.S. COLONIAL PERIOD

21. Another early immigrant Filipino poet was Carlos Bulosan (1911–
1956), who published political poems in American magazines like
The New Yorker, Poetry (edited by Harriet Monroe) and Saturday
Evening Post. In Manila in 1940, the Commonwealth Literary Prize
in English poetry was given to Rafael Zulueta Da Costa (1915–
1990) for Like the Molave and Other Poems. Native themes were
well represented by such local poets as Fernando Ma Guerrero
(1873– 1929), Lope K. Santos (1879–1965), Jose Corazon De Jesus
(1896–1932), Amado V. Hernandez (1903–1970), Alejandro G.
Abadilla (1904–1969), Angela Manalang Gloria (1907–1999), and
Trinidad Tarrosa Subido (1912– 1993).

22. C
CONTEMPORARY POETRY

23. The declaration of formal independence from the United States
on 4 July 1946 brought a sense of a new beginning to the people
and poets of the Philippines. A generation of poets who studied
at the famed Iowa Writer's Workshop at the University of Iowa in
the 1950s— Bienvenido N. Santos (1911–1996), Ricaredo
Demetillo (1920–1998), Dominador I. Ilio (b. 1913), and Edith
Tiempo (b. 1919)—came back to the Philippines with the literary
ideals of the American New Criticism. The 1970s and 1980s
proved to be a politically aware era for Filipino poets, who were
writing under the censorship of the dictatorial regime of
Ferdinand Marcos (1965–1986).

24. As a reaction to the 1983 assassination of Benigno Aquino, Jr., a
leading anti-Marcos politician, several poets formed a literary
organization called PLAC (Philippine Literary Arts Council) to protest
the abuses of the government. One of its leading founders was Alfred
A. Yuson (b. 1945), whose neorealist books of poems are Dream of
Knives (1986) and Trading in Mermaids (1993). Current trends in
Filipino poetry are best exemplified by the pyrotechnic imagination of
Eileen R. Tabios (b. 1960), whose book of poetry Beyond Life Sentences
(1998) won the National Book Award given by the Manila Book Critics
Circle. Her poems incorporate the American precision of Marianne
Moore, the experimental joie de vivre of Paul Valery, and the imagistic
intensity of Pablo Neruda.