The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers that allows for the quick transmission of information around the world. It consists of millions of smaller networks, including academic, business and government networks, that carry different types of information and services. A domain name is the human-friendly address that people type in their web browser to access a website, and it points to the actual IP address, which is a series of numbers, that hosts the website files on a server. Data packets are units of data that travel over the Internet and networks by being broken into smaller pieces for efficient transmission between computers via different network devices and routers.

2. The Internet
The Internet is a large group of computers that
are connected to each other. The Internet is used
to send information quickly between computers
around the world. It has millions of
smaller domestic, academic, business,
and government networks and
websites, which together carry many different
kinds of information (facts and details) and
services. So in other words, the Internet is a
network of networks.

3. The Link Between Domain Names
and IP Addresses
A domain name is very similar to an address
forwarding service. The domain name is the
address people type in their web browser to get
to your web site. The domain name
then points to the "real" address that
contains your web site. The "real" address is
called the IP address and is a series of numbers,
such as 123.23.234.45. This IP address then
points to the location on the server that contains
your web site files.

4. Data Packets
A data packet is a unit of data made into a single package that
travels along a given network path. Data packets are used in
Internet Protocol (IP) transmissions for data that navigates the
Web, and in other kinds of networks.
Packet Switching
Packet switching is a digital network
transmission process in which data is broken into
suitably-sized pieces or blocks for fast and efficient transfer
via different network devices. When a computer attempts
to send a file to another computer, the file is broken into
packets so that it can be sent across the network in the most
efficient way. These packets are then routed by network
devices to the destination.

5. The Function of Routers
Routers communicate with each other to share information about
available paths and directly connected routes. A Static route can be
manually programmed to create a routing table. This means that all
data will follow the same route. This is also known as non-adaptive
routing. Each node on the WAN has a fixed routing table. All
messages for a particular destination must follow a
predetermined path this is good for determining secure
routes. If a node is faulty, added or removed the tables
will have to be altered manually. This method
does not cope well with unplanned events such as breakdown or
congestion although it does use less router processor overhead.
Most routers are dynamic with the capability of being statically
configured. Dynamic routers automatically create dynamic routing
tables based on the data that is provided from other routers.
Dynamic routing is designed to cope with unplanned events.
Routers respond to changes in the network status by automatically
updating the routing table.