Israel has a heterogeneous culture with influences from Judaism. It has a parliamentary democracy and a strong high-tech sector. Key advantages include a highly educated workforce and government investment in R&D. However, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict presents political risks. The economy has grown significantly in recent decades through industrial and tech exports, though challenges remain in education and regional perceptions.
Business country analysis and economic overview of Israel, its infrastructure, legal-political environment and strategies for having the successful business in this small, but highly developed Middle Eastern country with huge potential. After I upload this presentation I noticed some formatting issues on some of the slides. Sorry about that, I don't know why this happened. The presentation is in Powerpoint with no issues.
This Israel Power Point highlights these facts and much more including: 17 Points on General Information, 12 Points on Family Life, 7 Points on Gender Roles, 17 Points on Food, 6 Points on Food Etiquette, 20 Points on Social Etiquette, 25 Points on Business Etiquette, and 13 Points on Trivia.
Israel is a country located in Western Asia with a diverse population and history. It declared independence in 1948 and has since been in conflict with neighboring Arab countries. Politically, Israel is a liberal democracy with a unicameral parliament. Economically, it has a highly developed, innovative economy and is a global leader in technology and research. Culturally, Israel has a multicultural society with influences from its Jewish, Muslim, and Christian populations.
Israel is located in Southwest Asia, bordered by Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Egypt, and the Gaza Strip. It has a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters. Israel has a small population but focuses on nature conservation, protecting species like leopards and pelicans. The government is a democratic parliamentary system led by a Prime Minister.
This presentation provides an overview of Israel, covering its unique history, geography, and sites. It discusses the Jewish connection to Israel stretching back millennia, the establishment of the modern state of Israel in 1948, and features of the land itself from its small size to geographic diversity. The document then takes the reader on a virtual road trip around Israel, highlighting major cities, historical and religious sites, natural wonders, and recreational activities one can enjoy in different regions of the country within a short period of time despite Israel's small size.
The document provides information on the government and politics of Israel. It outlines that Israel is a parliamentary republic led by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. It then lists the major political parties in Israel and their leadership, ideological positions, and performance in elections over the years. Key parties mentioned include Kadima, Likud, Yisrael Beiteinu, Shas, and Labor. The document also provides brief biographies of prominent current Israeli political figures.
The Middle East spans a large territory including Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Israel, Iraq, Iran and Turkey. It has been an important crossroads for trade and religion throughout history as the birthplace of Christianity, Judaism and the origins of the modern English alphabet and numbering system. The geography of the region, including deserts, mountains and coastlines, has significantly impacted its history by influencing the locations of major settlements near water and enabling the spread of trade and religion across great distances. The Arab people have historically lived as nomadic Bedouins or in oasis towns and villages, with trade and camel domestication playing important roles in their societies.
This document provides information about several cities and locations in Israel through images and captions. It discusses Jerusalem as the largest city and religious capital, with a history dating back millennia. Tel Aviv is described as the second largest and richest city, founded in 1909. Haifa is introduced as the third largest city with a population of Jews and Arabs. Additional sections cover Israel's military, air force, nuclear facilities, cuisine, the Dead Sea, religious sites like the Western Wall and Temple Mount, and the Israeli flag.
Business country analysis and economic overview of Israel, its infrastructure, legal-political environment and strategies for having the successful business in this small, but highly developed Middle Eastern country with huge potential. After I upload this presentation I noticed some formatting issues on some of the slides. Sorry about that, I don't know why this happened. The presentation is in Powerpoint with no issues.
This Israel Power Point highlights these facts and much more including: 17 Points on General Information, 12 Points on Family Life, 7 Points on Gender Roles, 17 Points on Food, 6 Points on Food Etiquette, 20 Points on Social Etiquette, 25 Points on Business Etiquette, and 13 Points on Trivia.
Israel is a country located in Western Asia with a diverse population and history. It declared independence in 1948 and has since been in conflict with neighboring Arab countries. Politically, Israel is a liberal democracy with a unicameral parliament. Economically, it has a highly developed, innovative economy and is a global leader in technology and research. Culturally, Israel has a multicultural society with influences from its Jewish, Muslim, and Christian populations.
Israel is located in Southwest Asia, bordered by Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Egypt, and the Gaza Strip. It has a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters. Israel has a small population but focuses on nature conservation, protecting species like leopards and pelicans. The government is a democratic parliamentary system led by a Prime Minister.
This presentation provides an overview of Israel, covering its unique history, geography, and sites. It discusses the Jewish connection to Israel stretching back millennia, the establishment of the modern state of Israel in 1948, and features of the land itself from its small size to geographic diversity. The document then takes the reader on a virtual road trip around Israel, highlighting major cities, historical and religious sites, natural wonders, and recreational activities one can enjoy in different regions of the country within a short period of time despite Israel's small size.
The document provides information on the government and politics of Israel. It outlines that Israel is a parliamentary republic led by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. It then lists the major political parties in Israel and their leadership, ideological positions, and performance in elections over the years. Key parties mentioned include Kadima, Likud, Yisrael Beiteinu, Shas, and Labor. The document also provides brief biographies of prominent current Israeli political figures.
The Middle East spans a large territory including Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Israel, Iraq, Iran and Turkey. It has been an important crossroads for trade and religion throughout history as the birthplace of Christianity, Judaism and the origins of the modern English alphabet and numbering system. The geography of the region, including deserts, mountains and coastlines, has significantly impacted its history by influencing the locations of major settlements near water and enabling the spread of trade and religion across great distances. The Arab people have historically lived as nomadic Bedouins or in oasis towns and villages, with trade and camel domestication playing important roles in their societies.
This document provides information about several cities and locations in Israel through images and captions. It discusses Jerusalem as the largest city and religious capital, with a history dating back millennia. Tel Aviv is described as the second largest and richest city, founded in 1909. Haifa is introduced as the third largest city with a population of Jews and Arabs. Additional sections cover Israel's military, air force, nuclear facilities, cuisine, the Dead Sea, religious sites like the Western Wall and Temple Mount, and the Israeli flag.
Israel is a country located in Western Asia, situated on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It shares borders with Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, the Palestinian territories, Egypt, and the Gulf of Aqaba. Israel contains diverse geographical features within its small area, with Tel Aviv as its financial center and Jerusalem as its designated capital and most populous city. Israel has a population of over 8 million people, 74.9% of whom are Jewish citizens. Israel defines itself as both a Jewish and democratic state.
The Middle East region faces significant religious, ethnic, and political divisions that have led to ongoing conflicts. The area contains important natural resources like oil, but limited water supplies that countries disagree over. Governments range from democracies to dictatorships. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict stems from competing claims to the land and Britain's 1917 Balfour Declaration supporting a Jewish homeland. This has resulted in several Arab-Israeli wars over the decades as Palestinians fight for statehood. Civil war has also broken out in Lebanon due to its religious and ethnic diversity. International efforts have pursued a roadmap to peace, but violence continues between Israel and Palestinian groups.
The document provides a pre-test on various topics related to Israel and Palestine. It consists of 10 multiple choice questions testing factual knowledge about the two regions. The questions cover topics such as whether Israel or Palestine are legally recognized states, changes to Israeli borders over time, refugee populations, and the positions of foreign governments like the US towards Hamas. The document indicates whether each answer is true or false and provides explanations for some answers. It also outlines an upcoming class schedule including a test review, extra credit opportunity, lecture, and discussion.
The document provides information about Israel including:
- A list of students and their enrollment numbers.
- An overview of Israel's rich heritage including its food, languages, clothing, culture and defense mechanisms.
- Details on the history of Israel including the creation of Israel after World War 1 and the origins of the Jewish people tracing back to Abraham.
The summary provides the key topics and purpose of the document in 3 sentences.
This document provides a historical overview of the Israel-Palestine conflict from the 19th century to present day. It describes how Jewish immigration to Palestine increased in the late 1800s due to antisemitism in Europe. After World War 1, Britain agreed to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine, contradicting the wishes of the indigenous Palestinian population. Violence increased throughout the 1920s-1940s as Palestinians resisted Zionist settlement and control over their land. The UN partition of 1947 led to war and the mass displacement of Palestinians known as the Nakba. Ongoing issues include illegal Israeli settlements, the blockade of Gaza, and denial of Palestinian rights and self-determination.
The document discusses the global refugee crisis, its causes, impacts, and potential solutions. It notes that wars in the Middle East have led to millions of refugees fleeing to places like Europe. Key points covered include:
- Over 4 million Syrians have become refugees due to the ongoing civil war. Iraq and Afghanistan wars also displaced millions.
- Refugees face human rights violations during their journeys, including deaths at sea and abuse in camps. A drowned Syrian boy's body highlighted the crisis.
- Potential solutions discussed include ending wars, international cooperation, and providing safe routes and adequate facilities for refugees in host countries.
This document provides background on the Israel-Palestine conflict from both the Jewish and Palestinian perspectives. It outlines the key events and narratives from 1948 when Israel became a state to present day, including peace agreements, uprisings, and attacks. Both sides claim rights to the land and seek security and sovereignty, but have conflicting historical narratives that perpetuate the ongoing violence and disputes over borders and settlements.
Israel has three largest cities - Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, and Haifa. Jerusalem has 800,000 people, Tel Aviv has 400,000 people, and Haifa has 270,000 people. Tel Aviv is actively promoting itself on social media like Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter. The population of Israel is growing at about 2% per year and Israeli culture combines low power distance with strong uncertainty avoidance. Many Israelis under 45 serve several weeks a year in the Israeli Defense Force. Israelis widely believe in God and the importance of family and children to society. Common services in Israel include home sharing, coworking spaces, social and volunteer networks, and freelance marketplaces.
The document summarizes the history of the Palestine-Israel conflict over land claims since 1947. It describes the UN partition of Palestine that year into Jewish and Arab states, the subsequent war, and Israel's capture of additional territory in 1967. It outlines failed peace efforts like the Oslo Accords and ongoing issues around permanent borders, Palestinian refugees, and control of Jerusalem that have prevented a resolution. The conflict has involved military actions, uprisings, ongoing security issues and stalled negotiations over settlements and other divisive problems. Both sides will need to make major compromises regarding borders, refugees, holy sites and mutual recognition to achieve a lasting peace agreement.
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict centers around claims to the land of Palestine by both Israelis and Palestinians. The Zionist movement supported the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine in the early 1900s, while Palestinians opposed it in their homeland. This led to violence and war when Israel declared independence in 1948. Key unresolved issues preventing a final peace agreement include borders, the status of Jerusalem, Palestinian refugees, and Israeli security. Major players like Israel, Fatah, and Hezbollah have differing goals and approaches to achieving a resolution.
The document summarizes several conflicts in the Middle East stemming from regional issues. It discusses the Arab-Israeli conflict since 1948 over land and Palestinian statehood. It also covers Iran's 1979 Islamic revolution that overthrew the Western-backed Shah, as well as conflicts in Iraq including the Iran-Iraq war and US invasion to oust Saddam Hussein. Oil wealth in the region has exacerbated tensions while religious and territorial disputes have fueled prolonged violence and unrest with no easy resolutions.
Israel has a diverse geography, climate, and population. The main ethnic groups are Jewish (76.4%) and Arab (23.6%). Judaism is the dominant religion. Israel has a parliamentary democracy and has faced ongoing conflicts with neighboring Arab countries and an internal conflict with Palestinians. The economy relies on industries like chemicals, diamonds, technology, and agriculture. Infrastructure is well-developed with access to safe food/water, transportation, communication, education, and security systems. Israeli culture incorporates influences from Jewish communities worldwide and local Middle Eastern traditions.
Iran is located in the Middle East, bordering Iraq and the Caspian Sea. It has an area of about 1,024,029 square miles and rugged, mountainous terrain subject to natural hazards like floods and earthquakes. The main language spoken is Persian and some major holidays include Constitution Day in August and Revolution Day in February. Iranian cuisine features grains, fruits, vegetables, and flatbread with meals often including chicken or lamb over rice.
The document provides an overview of key factors in understanding religion, ethnicity, and the history of power dynamics in the Middle East over the 20th century. It touches on the major religious groups of Islam (Sunni and Shia), the decline of the Ottoman Empire after WWI and the establishment of British and French mandates, the roots of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict over Jewish immigration and the creation of Israel in 1948, and major military conflicts like the Six Day War in 1967.
The Middle East is a region that roughly encompasses a majority of Western Asia (excluding the Caucasus) and Egypt. The term "Middle East" may have originated in the 1850s in the British India Office.
Entrepreneurship involves starting new businesses to meet market needs or opportunities. Successful entrepreneurs help economies grow by creating new products/services, jobs, and tax revenue. While risky, entrepreneurship drives innovation.
The document provides information about the geography, history, and peoples of South Asia. It describes the Indian subcontinent and how the Himalayan mountain range was formed by the collision of tectonic plates. It discusses major physical features like rivers, landforms, and climate zones. It also profiles the various countries of South Asia, including their histories, cultures, economies, and current events.
The document provides an overview of Southeast Asia, including its geography, climate, population, and notable facts about some countries in the region. Southeast Asia refers to 10 countries located in the southeast portion of Asia, south of China and east of India. The region has over 500 million people and is predominantly hot and tropical with significant biodiversity. Countries like Cambodia, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines are highlighted for their unique cultures, histories, and geographical features.
The document provides a history of modern Palestine, beginning with the Ottoman Empire's control of the region. After World War 1 and the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the British gained control of Palestine under a mandate. Conflict arose due to the Balfour Declaration supporting Zionism and Jewish immigration. After World War 2 and the Holocaust, increased Jewish immigration led to violence and the UN proposed partitioning Palestine. This led to war and Israel declaring statehood in 1948, displacing hundreds of thousands of Palestinians. Subsequent wars and uprisings have occurred between Israel and Palestinians and their supporters over control of the land and the fate of Palestinian statehood. Peace efforts such as the Oslo Accords have so far failed to achieve a long-term solution
The document provides a presentation on factors influencing the international business environment. It begins with defining international business environment as the combination of international, business, and environment. It then discusses various global factors such as social and cultural environment, technological environment, economic environment, political environment, and ecological environment that affect international business strategies. For each factor, it provides examples of elements to consider and their potential impacts on business operations.
Israel is a country located in Western Asia, situated on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It shares borders with Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, the Palestinian territories, Egypt, and the Gulf of Aqaba. Israel contains diverse geographical features within its small area, with Tel Aviv as its financial center and Jerusalem as its designated capital and most populous city. Israel has a population of over 8 million people, 74.9% of whom are Jewish citizens. Israel defines itself as both a Jewish and democratic state.
The Middle East region faces significant religious, ethnic, and political divisions that have led to ongoing conflicts. The area contains important natural resources like oil, but limited water supplies that countries disagree over. Governments range from democracies to dictatorships. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict stems from competing claims to the land and Britain's 1917 Balfour Declaration supporting a Jewish homeland. This has resulted in several Arab-Israeli wars over the decades as Palestinians fight for statehood. Civil war has also broken out in Lebanon due to its religious and ethnic diversity. International efforts have pursued a roadmap to peace, but violence continues between Israel and Palestinian groups.
The document provides a pre-test on various topics related to Israel and Palestine. It consists of 10 multiple choice questions testing factual knowledge about the two regions. The questions cover topics such as whether Israel or Palestine are legally recognized states, changes to Israeli borders over time, refugee populations, and the positions of foreign governments like the US towards Hamas. The document indicates whether each answer is true or false and provides explanations for some answers. It also outlines an upcoming class schedule including a test review, extra credit opportunity, lecture, and discussion.
The document provides information about Israel including:
- A list of students and their enrollment numbers.
- An overview of Israel's rich heritage including its food, languages, clothing, culture and defense mechanisms.
- Details on the history of Israel including the creation of Israel after World War 1 and the origins of the Jewish people tracing back to Abraham.
The summary provides the key topics and purpose of the document in 3 sentences.
This document provides a historical overview of the Israel-Palestine conflict from the 19th century to present day. It describes how Jewish immigration to Palestine increased in the late 1800s due to antisemitism in Europe. After World War 1, Britain agreed to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine, contradicting the wishes of the indigenous Palestinian population. Violence increased throughout the 1920s-1940s as Palestinians resisted Zionist settlement and control over their land. The UN partition of 1947 led to war and the mass displacement of Palestinians known as the Nakba. Ongoing issues include illegal Israeli settlements, the blockade of Gaza, and denial of Palestinian rights and self-determination.
The document discusses the global refugee crisis, its causes, impacts, and potential solutions. It notes that wars in the Middle East have led to millions of refugees fleeing to places like Europe. Key points covered include:
- Over 4 million Syrians have become refugees due to the ongoing civil war. Iraq and Afghanistan wars also displaced millions.
- Refugees face human rights violations during their journeys, including deaths at sea and abuse in camps. A drowned Syrian boy's body highlighted the crisis.
- Potential solutions discussed include ending wars, international cooperation, and providing safe routes and adequate facilities for refugees in host countries.
This document provides background on the Israel-Palestine conflict from both the Jewish and Palestinian perspectives. It outlines the key events and narratives from 1948 when Israel became a state to present day, including peace agreements, uprisings, and attacks. Both sides claim rights to the land and seek security and sovereignty, but have conflicting historical narratives that perpetuate the ongoing violence and disputes over borders and settlements.
Israel has three largest cities - Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, and Haifa. Jerusalem has 800,000 people, Tel Aviv has 400,000 people, and Haifa has 270,000 people. Tel Aviv is actively promoting itself on social media like Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter. The population of Israel is growing at about 2% per year and Israeli culture combines low power distance with strong uncertainty avoidance. Many Israelis under 45 serve several weeks a year in the Israeli Defense Force. Israelis widely believe in God and the importance of family and children to society. Common services in Israel include home sharing, coworking spaces, social and volunteer networks, and freelance marketplaces.
The document summarizes the history of the Palestine-Israel conflict over land claims since 1947. It describes the UN partition of Palestine that year into Jewish and Arab states, the subsequent war, and Israel's capture of additional territory in 1967. It outlines failed peace efforts like the Oslo Accords and ongoing issues around permanent borders, Palestinian refugees, and control of Jerusalem that have prevented a resolution. The conflict has involved military actions, uprisings, ongoing security issues and stalled negotiations over settlements and other divisive problems. Both sides will need to make major compromises regarding borders, refugees, holy sites and mutual recognition to achieve a lasting peace agreement.
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict centers around claims to the land of Palestine by both Israelis and Palestinians. The Zionist movement supported the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine in the early 1900s, while Palestinians opposed it in their homeland. This led to violence and war when Israel declared independence in 1948. Key unresolved issues preventing a final peace agreement include borders, the status of Jerusalem, Palestinian refugees, and Israeli security. Major players like Israel, Fatah, and Hezbollah have differing goals and approaches to achieving a resolution.
The document summarizes several conflicts in the Middle East stemming from regional issues. It discusses the Arab-Israeli conflict since 1948 over land and Palestinian statehood. It also covers Iran's 1979 Islamic revolution that overthrew the Western-backed Shah, as well as conflicts in Iraq including the Iran-Iraq war and US invasion to oust Saddam Hussein. Oil wealth in the region has exacerbated tensions while religious and territorial disputes have fueled prolonged violence and unrest with no easy resolutions.
Israel has a diverse geography, climate, and population. The main ethnic groups are Jewish (76.4%) and Arab (23.6%). Judaism is the dominant religion. Israel has a parliamentary democracy and has faced ongoing conflicts with neighboring Arab countries and an internal conflict with Palestinians. The economy relies on industries like chemicals, diamonds, technology, and agriculture. Infrastructure is well-developed with access to safe food/water, transportation, communication, education, and security systems. Israeli culture incorporates influences from Jewish communities worldwide and local Middle Eastern traditions.
Iran is located in the Middle East, bordering Iraq and the Caspian Sea. It has an area of about 1,024,029 square miles and rugged, mountainous terrain subject to natural hazards like floods and earthquakes. The main language spoken is Persian and some major holidays include Constitution Day in August and Revolution Day in February. Iranian cuisine features grains, fruits, vegetables, and flatbread with meals often including chicken or lamb over rice.
The document provides an overview of key factors in understanding religion, ethnicity, and the history of power dynamics in the Middle East over the 20th century. It touches on the major religious groups of Islam (Sunni and Shia), the decline of the Ottoman Empire after WWI and the establishment of British and French mandates, the roots of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict over Jewish immigration and the creation of Israel in 1948, and major military conflicts like the Six Day War in 1967.
The Middle East is a region that roughly encompasses a majority of Western Asia (excluding the Caucasus) and Egypt. The term "Middle East" may have originated in the 1850s in the British India Office.
Entrepreneurship involves starting new businesses to meet market needs or opportunities. Successful entrepreneurs help economies grow by creating new products/services, jobs, and tax revenue. While risky, entrepreneurship drives innovation.
The document provides information about the geography, history, and peoples of South Asia. It describes the Indian subcontinent and how the Himalayan mountain range was formed by the collision of tectonic plates. It discusses major physical features like rivers, landforms, and climate zones. It also profiles the various countries of South Asia, including their histories, cultures, economies, and current events.
The document provides an overview of Southeast Asia, including its geography, climate, population, and notable facts about some countries in the region. Southeast Asia refers to 10 countries located in the southeast portion of Asia, south of China and east of India. The region has over 500 million people and is predominantly hot and tropical with significant biodiversity. Countries like Cambodia, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines are highlighted for their unique cultures, histories, and geographical features.
The document provides a history of modern Palestine, beginning with the Ottoman Empire's control of the region. After World War 1 and the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the British gained control of Palestine under a mandate. Conflict arose due to the Balfour Declaration supporting Zionism and Jewish immigration. After World War 2 and the Holocaust, increased Jewish immigration led to violence and the UN proposed partitioning Palestine. This led to war and Israel declaring statehood in 1948, displacing hundreds of thousands of Palestinians. Subsequent wars and uprisings have occurred between Israel and Palestinians and their supporters over control of the land and the fate of Palestinian statehood. Peace efforts such as the Oslo Accords have so far failed to achieve a long-term solution
The document provides a presentation on factors influencing the international business environment. It begins with defining international business environment as the combination of international, business, and environment. It then discusses various global factors such as social and cultural environment, technological environment, economic environment, political environment, and ecological environment that affect international business strategies. For each factor, it provides examples of elements to consider and their potential impacts on business operations.
This presentation explores the possibility of Pringles establishing a factory in Israel. All Hypothetical of course. Before Procotor and Gamble dumped them.
Do Technologické agentury ČR zavítál v rámci své dvoudenní návštěvy České republiky Dr. Yehoshua Gleitman, zakladatel a následně inovátor izraelského high-tech průmyslu a bývalý Hlavní vědec Státu Izrael. Jeho přednáška s názevm National Policy for Innovation: Israel Approach se uskutečnila 29. dubna 2015.
Mapping Jordan's Creative Industries (phase 1)Yusuf Mansur
The document summarizes key economic indicators for Jordan between 2005-2011. It finds that real GDP grew at an average annual rate of 6.65% during this period, though growth slowed to 2.3% in 2010. Foreign direct investment peaked in 2006 and was lowest in 2011. Jordan imports nearly twice as much as it exports, with its trade deficit reaching $5.895 billion in 2011. The unemployment rate hovered between 15.3-12.3% during the decade. Jordan fell in global competitiveness and ease of doing business rankings between 2010-2011.
Univ of stellenbosch 21 nov plans into actionmeagz24
The document discusses South Africa's National Development Plan (NDP) which aims to eliminate poverty and reduce inequality in South Africa by 2030. It outlines the NDP's key challenges facing South Africa including unemployment, poor education, inadequate infrastructure, and spatial divides. The NDP's approach is to unite South Africans around a common program, promote active citizenship, bring faster economic growth to create jobs, focus on capabilities, and build a capable state. The NDP's targets by 2030 include reducing those living below the poverty line to zero, reducing unemployment to 6%, and growing manufacturing by 50% to create over 11 million new jobs. The NDP faces criticism from opposition parties for being too optimistic and not doing enough to promote
BaseCamp International is a company that promotes cross-cultural learning and global awareness through programs like internships, language courses, and volunteer opportunities in countries around the world. It is looking to expand its operations to Lebanon. The document provides an analysis of Lebanon's market conditions that would be relevant for BaseCamp's entry and growth, including details on Lebanon's political system, economy, workforce, and pros and cons of the market. Key aspects that make Lebanon an attractive market for foreign investment are its strategic location, free market economy, liberal financial environment, and developed legal framework.
BaseCamp International is a company that promotes cross-cultural learning through programs like internships, language courses, student groups, and volunteer opportunities in countries around the world. It plans to expand its operations to Lebanon. The document provides background information on Lebanon's political system, economy, industries, and workforce to help BaseCamp evaluate entering the Lebanese market. It discusses factors to consider for country selection and analyzes Lebanon's pros and cons as a potential market. Key aspects that make Lebanon appealing for market entry include its strategic location, free market economy, liberal financial environment, and developed legal framework.
This document discusses emerging and frontier markets, focusing on risks and opportunities in real estate. It notes that emerging markets are characterized by increasing economic freedom, integration into the global marketplace, and expanding middle classes. However, risks are also rising due to challenges of globalization and volatility. The document then analyzes the emerging market risk index, which evaluates acquisition risks across over 40 countries. It assesses economic, political, and property indicators. Finally, the document summarizes real estate trends and opportunities across various African countries and cities, noting growing urbanization, infrastructure needs, a rising middle class, and expanding retail sectors.
This document discusses concepts related to economic development, including factors that determine development levels, characteristics of less developed and developed countries, and methods for measuring development. It presents several models of development, including Rostow's stages of growth model and dependency theory. Key points include: resources, population, location, and colonial status influence development; less developed countries have lower incomes, subsistence farming, and poorer social conditions compared to developed countries with higher incomes, manufacturing/services, and better social conditions; development is commonly measured using GDP per capita, rates like literacy, and occupational structure; and the core-periphery model and dependency theory argue regional disparities are structural features of the global economy.
YOUTH PARTICIPATION: A Way Forward for Nigeria's Development (by AKINRINDE, I...Ibukunoluwa Akinrinde
The document discusses youth participation as a way to advance Nigeria's development. It notes that over 40% of Nigeria's population is unemployed youth and outlines concerns like high poverty rates, low human development rankings, and rising crime. It argues that empowering youth through participation can help address these issues and unleash Nigeria's economic potential given its large youth population and untapped resources. The future of Nigeria depends on productive involvement of its youth.
1. The document discusses various barriers that can prevent or restrict economic growth and development in some countries.
2. Some key barriers mentioned include insufficient provision of education and healthcare, political instability and corruption, ineffective tax structures, trade barriers, and overdependence on certain exports which can lead to issues when export prices fluctuate.
3. Overdependence on a small number of exports and falling terms of trade is highlighted as a major barrier faced by several African nations, as it can worsen their current account balances, increase debt burdens, and reduce ability to afford imports.
This document discusses building global companies. It provides an introduction to globalization and discusses its need, impact, advantages, and disadvantages. It also discusses challenges of globalization like productivity, consumers, employment, and the environment. The document analyzes India's growth rate since independence and liberalization in the 1990s. It accelerated from 0.9% in 1991-1992 to over 8% in 2003-2004. Finally, it presents a PESTLE analysis for factors to consider when building global companies like political stability, economic development, social culture, technology, legal systems, and environment.
Here are the key health indicators and their definitions:
- Life expectancy: The average number of years a person is expected to live
- Infant mortality rate: The rate at which babies under one year of age die per 1,000 live births in a year
- Access to water supply: Availability of clean drinking water
- Access to sanitation facilities: Availability of proper sewage disposal and toilets
These indicators show the overall health conditions and healthcare development in a country.
This chart appears to be comparing Brazil's GDP per capita (measured in PPP, or purchasing power parity) to other countries from 1990 to 2020. Some key details:
- Brazil's GDP per capita has generally been increasing over this time period, rising from around $8,000 in 1990 to over $15,000 projected for 2020.
- However, Brazil still lags behind many other major economies. In 2020 it is projected to have a lower GDP per capita than countries like China, Russia, Mexico, and Turkey.
- Among the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China), Brazil has had the highest GDP per capita historically but is now behind China and will likely be surpassed by Russia in the
This document discusses international business and its evolution. It defines international business as commercial transactions that take place between two or more countries, including sales, investments, logistics, and transportation. International business involves higher risks and more complexities compared to domestic business due to factors like multiple currencies, regulations, cultures and environments. The stages of internationalization progress from domestic operations to transnational operations with highly decentralized decision making. The characteristics, features, importance and stages of internationalization for companies engaging in international business are also outlined.
This presentation offers a public policy approach to integral regional development based on the authors experience from the Mexican federal government and OECD.
This document discusses cultural dimensions of innovation based on research by Geert Hofstede. It analyzes Hofstede's cultural dimensions of various countries including the US, South Korea, Netherlands, and Mexico. It finds the US has very high individualism while South Korea and Mexico share cultural dimensions with other Latin American countries. The Netherlands has similar dimensions to other Scandinavian countries like low masculinity and uncertainty avoidance. The document also discusses how these cultural dimensions impact attitudes toward innovation and creativity.
The United Nations was established in 1945 to replace the League of Nations. It aims to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a center for harmonizing the actions of nations. The UN has six main organs: the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, and Secretariat. It also has various specialized agencies, funds, and programs that address issues like health, education, agriculture, refugees, and more. The UN works to resolve international conflicts, develop economic and social cooperation, and codify international law through conventions, treaties, and agreements.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help regulate emotions and stress levels.
Global sourcing refers to procuring products or services from independent foreign suppliers or subsidiaries located abroad. Companies adopt global sourcing strategies to lower costs, improve quality, ensure reliable supply, enter new markets, access new technologies, and react to competitor moves. Key considerations in global sourcing include make-or-buy decisions, sourcing configurations like vertical integration or outsourcing to industrial clusters, and strategies to minimize risks like currency fluctuations, weak legal environments, and over-reliance on suppliers. Large companies like Apple, Dell, and Samsung employ complex multi-country global supply chain models for assembly, manufacturing, and component sourcing.
The document provides information about the World Trade Organization (WTO) in three parts. It begins with an overview of the WTO as an international organization dealing with global trade rules. It then discusses the key facts about the WTO such as its location, establishment, membership size, and budget. Finally, it outlines some of the basic principles of the WTO like non-discrimination, reciprocity, and enforceable commitments.
The document discusses various trade barriers faced by different countries in their trade with India, China, Japan, the US and the EU. It outlines tariffs, import/export restrictions, standards and certification requirements, investment barriers, service sector restrictions etc. imposed by these economies. The trade barriers addressed include agricultural import tariffs in Japan, land ownership rules and IP protection in China, public procurement preferences and FDI limits in the US, sanitary standards and licensing rules in India for the EU and other partners.
The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is an intergovernmental organization consisting of 12 oil producing countries. It was founded in 1960 in Baghdad by 5 countries and aims to coordinate and unify petroleum policies among member countries. Key objectives include stabilizing oil prices and ensuring a steady supply of oil to consuming countries. OPEC faces challenges in enforcing production quotas and preventing price cheating among its members.
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is a trade agreement between Canada, Mexico, and the United States that establishes a free trade zone in North America. It was formed in 1994 to eliminate barriers to trade and investment between the three countries. NAFTA aims to promote cross-border trade and investment through establishing common rules and reducing tariffs and other trade barriers. It has significantly increased trade, investment, employment, and economic growth among the member countries over the past two decades.
The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. It aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to fight global warming. Under the protocol, 37 industrialized countries commit to reducing emissions of greenhouse gases. The US has not ratified the treaty due to concerns about developing countries not having emissions commitments.
Mercosur is a trading bloc in South America consisting of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. It was created in 1991 with the goal of promoting free trade and the fluid movement of goods, people, and currency between member states. Key objectives include eliminating customs duties and lifting restrictions on the movement of goods. Mercosur has established a common external tariff and aims to integrate member economies and develop common institutions. It currently functions as a customs union. India has a preferential trade agreement with Mercosur that came into effect in 2009.
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) and the TRIPS and TRIMS agreements. It provides an overview of the history of IPR treaties and organizations like WIPO. It describes the different types of IPR like patents, copyrights, trademarks. It discusses why IPR is needed and outlines some of the key provisions and standards in TRIPS, including national treatment, enforcement procedures, and dispute settlement.
Venezuela is located in northern South America with a population of 29 million people. It has the world's largest proven oil reserves and oil exports account for most of its GDP. However, the economy is overly dependent on oil and subject to volatility in oil prices. Business opportunities exist in oil/gas, construction, food processing, and other industries, but the business environment also faces challenges like high inflation, crime, and strained foreign relations.
Global sourcing refers to procuring products or services from independent foreign suppliers or subsidiaries located abroad. Companies adopt global sourcing strategies to lower costs, improve quality, ensure reliable supply, enter new markets, access new technologies, and react to competitor moves. Key considerations in global sourcing include make-or-buy decisions, sourcing configurations like vertical integration or outsourcing to industrial clusters, and strategies to minimize risks like currency fluctuations, weak legal environments, and over-reliance on suppliers. Large companies like Apple, Dell, and Samsung employ complex multi-country global supply chain models for assembly, manufacturing, and component sourcing.
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Studies have shown that meditating for just 10-20 minutes per day can have significant positive impacts on both mental and physical health over time.
The document discusses Islamic law systems and how several countries have adopted hybrid legal systems that incorporate aspects of Islamic law and civil law traditions. It provides tables listing countries and their legal systems, with many Middle Eastern and Southeast Asian nations following a mixed legal system based on Islamic law and laws imported from other legal traditions like English common law. The document also outlines some key concepts and principles of Islamic law such as Sharia, different types of Islamic banking, and the role of Islamic law in certain countries' court systems.
The European Union is a unique economic and political partnership between 27 European countries that has delivered peace, stability, and prosperity over the past 50 years. It was initially created to foster economic cooperation but has evolved to span all areas of policy. The EU has its own flag, currency (euro), and anthem. It has a bicameral legislative branch consisting of the directly elected European Parliament and the Council of the European Union composed of national ministers. The European Commission acts as the executive branch. The Court of Justice of the European Union interprets EU law.
This document provides an overview of China, including its:
- History from 1644 to present, covering major dynasties and events
- Culture, which is collectivist and influenced by Confucianism
- Single-party communist political system led by the Chinese Communist Party
- Large and growing economy, which had a GDP of $5.878 trillion in 2010 and focuses on industries like mining, steel, machinery, and consumer goods.
The document discusses the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum, which has 21 member economies in the Asia-Pacific region accounting for over 40% of the world's population and GDP. APEC aims to support sustainable economic growth through cooperation and by achieving the Bogor Goals of free and open trade/investment across the region. It operates through annual meetings and three pillars - trade and investment liberalization, business facilitation, and economic and technical cooperation. APEC's progress, strengths, and ongoing challenges are also summarized.
The document provides information about the World Bank, including that it is an international financial institution that provides loans to developing countries. It was established in 1944 at the Bretton Woods Conference and has 187 member countries. The World Bank Group consists of five institutions focused on global development and poverty reduction. Key units include the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), International Development Association (IDA), International Finance Corporation (IFC), Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), and International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID).
The document summarizes the 1963 Great Train Robbery in England, where robbers led by Bruce Reynolds stole over £2.6 million from a Royal Mail train. Key figures in the robbery included Douglas Goody, Charlie Wilson, and Brian Field. The robbers tampered with signal lights and took control of the train at Sears Crossing, stopping it at Bridego Bridge to loot cash from the high-value packages carriage. Detective Tommy Butler later discovered the robbers' hideout and most were caught, though only a small portion of the money was recovered. The aftermath discusses how most of the robbers spent time in prison and the negative impacts of the crime.
Slide deck with charts from our Digital News Report 2024, the most comprehensive exploration of news consumption habits around the world, based on survey data from more than 95,000 respondents across 47 countries.
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केरल उच्च न्यायालय ने 11 जून, 2024 को मंडला पूजा में भाग लेने की अनुमति मांगने वाली 10 वर्षीय लड़की की रिट याचिका को खारिज कर दिया, जिसमें सर्वोच्च न्यायालय की एक बड़ी पीठ के समक्ष इस मुद्दे की लंबित प्रकृति पर जोर दिया गया। यह आदेश न्यायमूर्ति अनिल के. नरेंद्रन और न्यायमूर्ति हरिशंकर वी. मेनन की खंडपीठ द्वारा पारित किया गया
Recent years have seen a disturbing rise in violence, discrimination, and intolerance against Christian communities in various Islamic countries. This multifaceted challenge, deeply rooted in historical, social, and political animosities, demands urgent attention. Despite the escalating persecution, substantial support from the Western world remains lacking.
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4. Israel: Culture
• Heterogeneous
• Low – Context (Straight talk)
• Monochronic Time
• Low Power distance
• Individualism
• High uncertainty avoidance
• Gender Equality
5. Implications for MNE in Israel
Pride in culture and history Do not openly criticize
Show interest in their culture & history
Relationship oriented Build relationships in business
Business commitment Business deals tend be detailed and
contracts are strictly adhered to. Less
scope of later change
Gifts & Bribes Advisable to not offer gifts in initial
business meets
6. Implications for MNE in Israel
Pace of Negotiation Expect deals to be slow
Decision Making: Individualistic Individual decision makers are
appreciated
Personal feeling and opinion are
considered rather than set rules only
Group membership : Acquired Appreciate education and
achievement of people
Gender equality Not much problem for visiting
businesswoman
7. Demographics
Population 74,73,052
Jerusalem 7,47600
Urban population 92%
Age Distribution
Pop. growth rate 1.58%
Birth rate 19.24 births/1000 population
Death rate 5.47 deaths/1000 population
9. Demographics
Sex ratio 1.05 male/female
Infant mortality rate 4.12 deaths/1000 live births
Life expectancy at birth 80.96 yrs
Literacy Rate 97.1%
10. Israeli system of government
• Parliamentary Democracy
• 11 Basic Laws
• Israel does not have a written constitution.
• The Legislative Branch: Knesset is Israel's
unicameral legislature and is seated in Jerusalem.
-It has 12 standing committees.
-Knesset elects the prime minister and also holds
power to remove the president.
11. Political
Risks
• Since its establishment in
1948, Israel has been in almost
constant conflict with its Arab
neighbors.
• These conflicts, particularly the
conflict over the Gaza Strip and
the West Bank, have had a
negative impact on the country’s
stability and its international
relations.
• This social unrest has brought
about a decline in investor
confidence in much of the region.
12. Legal System
Israel's legal system combines
• English common law
• Civil law
• Jewish law
Marriage & divorce are under the jurisdiction of the
religious courts: Jewish, Muslim, Druze, and
Christian
13. Jewish/Israeli Influence on US
• Jews & the Jewish religion has a great influence on
US
• It’s often said that the fundamentals of US are
Jewish and not Christian
• American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) is
an important influence
• A large number of Jews hold important offices in the
US
17. Economic Sectors
• Hi–Tech Industries: Highly qualified labor
force, scientific institutes, and R&D centers.
• Diamond Industry: Multi-faceted, world leader
in both cutting-edge technologies and
craftsmanship.
• Agriculture: Intensive system of production, close
cooperation between researchers, farmers, and
agriculture-related industries.
18. Economic Sectors
• Construction: Residential building accounts for 84
percent of total construction output, necessary to
meet the demands of renewed immigration.
• Transport & Communications: Contributes 7
percent to GDP and employs 5 percent of the
country's labor force.
• Tourism: Tourists attracted by Israel's
geographical diversity, its archeological and
religious sites.
Foreign currency added value of 85 percent export
and employs some 80,000 persons.
27. Israel : Relative Advantage
Hi Tech Industries
• Relative advantage : No. 2 after Ireland.
• Grew by 100 % between 1995-2000
• Skilled workforce Highest % of population as
researchers and scientists in the world
• Capital Large VC and government investments in
Hi Tech industry since late 80’s
• Investment as % of GDP in R&D 4.7 %, highest in
the world
• 50 % Israeli exports are Hi Tech Products
• Microsoft & Intel opened their first outside R&D
centres in Israel
28. Israel : Relative Advantage
Chemical Industry
• Chiefly due to pharmaceutical companies
• Teva, world’s leading pharma company, $16 bn
annual sales
Reason
• Favorable government policies for Pharma
companies
• Relative abundance in minerals
• High capital availability
• Skilled workforce: researchers, scientists
29. Recent Achievements
• Year 2000 – Zero inflation rate.
• Year 2009 – Balance of Trade deficit less than 1%
of total trade
• Industrial exports grew almost six-fold in the past
two decades, from $6 billion in 1985 to $34.6
billion in 2009.
• Foreign debt was eliminated, from being 1.6 times
the GDP in 1985 down to zero by 2003 with
Israel since then becoming a creditor .
30. Recent Achievements
• With a GDP per capita of $29,500 (PPP) in
2009, it ranked 24 out of 34 OECD members
• Ranked higher - 15 out of 169 countries (in 2010)
- on the United Nations Human Development Index
• Growth of exports from $175 million in 1987 and
$16.9 billion in 2009
• Achieved positive growth (0.7 percent) in
2009(Recession)
• Country's civilian labor force, from 1.65 million in
1990 to 3 million in 2010
31. Challenges for Israel
• Maintaining national security
• Absorbing large numbers of immigrants
• Establishing a modern economic infrastructure
• Providing a high level of public services (health,
education, welfare, etc.)
32. Country’s Future Transformations
• First is a political settlement of the Israeli-
Palestinian conflict
• The second transformation needed is in the field of
education
• The third transformation needed: a long-term
investment policy that centers not only on high-tech
and finance, and not only in the Tel Aviv area
• Israel’s most significant failure is the poor
public image which she portrays in the international
community
33. ATTRACTIVENESS OF ISRAEL
GE Country Attractiveness Matrix
Maximize Collaborations
HIGH Commitment
Country Attractiveness
Individualized
MEDIUM Strategies
Individualized Minimize
LOW Strategies Commitment
HIGH MEDIUM LOW
Competitive Strength
Editor's Notes
In it’s 63 year history, Israel has grown at a phenomenal pace, and this has provided a world of opportunities to the MNEsFollowing implications can be observed for MNEs in view of Israel’s unique culture2. Israel holds more patents relative to the population than the G7 countries combined (Six: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States. The following year, Canada was invited to join.[1 )3. 200 bn $ economy, larger than all neighboutrs put together1Largest no of start – up companies per capita in thw worldIn last decade, Israel won 5 nobel prizesSo, Israel is a country with a very challenging political environmentMost Israelis are very proud of their country and expect others to show some appreciation for itschallenging political environment. It can be disastrous for your business if you openly critique thecountry’s current policies. Unlike in a country like India.Israel’s culture expects its members to have a sense of belonging to and conforming with their group.At the same time, it leaves a lot of room for individual preferences. Building lasting and trustingpersonal relationships is important to most people in this country
Decision Making – Hierarchies do not play a very strong role in Israeli companies. Decision makersare usually individuals who consider the best interest of the group or organization. Their authorityis oen delegated to lower management levels. Independent decision making is encouraged, sincepersonal initiative and achievement are strong values. Nevertheless, many Israelis will consult with
Demographics: In it’s 63 year history…Israel has grown to a population ofPopulation is a modest 75 lakhs. Talk of jerusalem, tha national , historic , religious and cultural capital. The population of Jerusalem is 7.5 lakh approx. That’s the population of Ghatkopar as well.Urban population, a staggering 92 %. The remaining 8 percent is largely involved in community farming Age distribution. As shown in the figure.Plus other figures….we move aheadBirth rate 19.24 births/1,000 population (2011 est.) Death rate 5.47 deaths/1,000 population (2011 est.)
The population is primarily Jewish, 76% approx, followed by Arab MuslimsAmong the Jews, the primary groups are American born jewsMiddle east born jewsIsrael born jewsGiven the diverse nature of the population, business practices reflect a diverse mix of North American, European,Russian, or other cultural influences. Ashkenazim (Europe- or American-born), Sephardim (mostly born in the Arabic Middle East or around theMediterranean), and Sabras (Hebrew: Tzabars , indicating those born in Israel)Ethnic groupsJewish 76.4% (of which Israel-born 67.1%, Europe/America-born 22.6%, Africa-born 5.9%, Asia-born 4.2%), non-Jewish 23.6% (mostly Arab) (2004)ReligionsJewish 75.6%, Muslim 16.9%, Christian 2%, Druze 1.7%, other 3.8% (2008 census)LanguagesHebrew (official), Arabic (used officially for Arab minority), English (most commonly used foreign language)Literacydefinition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.1% male: 98.5% female: 95.9% (2004 est.)
More demographics…Israel has a technologically advanced market economy with substantial, though diminishing, government participation. It depends on imports of crude oil, grains, raw materials, and military equipment. Despite limited natural resources, Israel has intensively developed its agricultural and industrial sectors over the past 20 years.Birth rate 19.24 births/1,000 population (2011 est.) Death rate 5.47 deaths/1,000 population (2011 est.)Urbanizationurban population: 92% of total population (2010) rate of urbanization: 1.5% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)Sex ratioat birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2011 est.)Infant mortality ratetotal: 4.12 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)Life expectancy at birthtotal population: 80.96 years male: 78.79 years female: 83.24 years (2011 est.)
Defn: Parliamentary systemA parliamentary system is a system of government in which the ministers of the executive branch get their democratic legitimacy from the legislature and are accountable to that body, such that the executive and legislative branches are intertwined.AdvOne of the commonly attributed advantages to parliamentary systems is that it's faster and easier to pass legislation. This is because the executive branch is dependent upon the direct or indirect support of the legislative branch and often includes members of the legislature.Parliamentarianism has attractive features for nations that are ethnically, racially, or ideologically divided. In a unipersonal presidential system, all executive power is concentrated in the president. In a parliamentary system, with a collegial executive, power is more divided.Criticism:One of the main criticisms of many parliamentary systems is that the head of government is in almost all cases not directly elected. In a presidential system, the president is usually chosen directly by the electorate, or by a set of electors directly chosen by the people, separate from the legislature (see Electoral college). However, in a parliamentary system the prime minister is elected by the legislature, often under the strong influence of the party leadership. Thus, a party's candidate for the head of government is usually known before the election, possibly making the election as much about the person as the party behind him or her.The Knesset has 12 standing committees:·The House Committee·The Foreign Affairs Committee·The Economics Committee·The Interior and Environment Committee· The Education and Culture Committee· The Labor and Welfare Committee· The State Control Committee· The Constitution, Law and Justice Committee· The Immigration and Absorption Committee· The State Control Committee· The Committee on the War against Drug Affliction· The Committee for Advancing the Status of Women
Since its establishment in 1948, Israel has been in almost constant conflict with its Arab neighbors.• These conflicts, particularly the conflict over the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, have had a negative impact on the country’s stability and its international relations.The Middle East & North Africa region includes several wealthy oil producing nations and is characterized by regional instability and periods of regional violence.Political uncertainty has increased significantly throughout the MENA region since the beginning of 2011, starting with the revolution in Tunisia.This social unrest has brought about a decline in investor confidence in much of the region.
This is a country that is at war on two borders, but can devote time and energy to ensure that a tourist who lost his wallet in the holy city of Jerusalem has it returned to him without too much ado. This is the same country that prefers not to destroy a location being used to store ammunition or launch rockets if there is any risk of civilian casualties
This is a country that is at war on two borders, but can devote time and energy to ensure that a tourist who lost his wallet in the holy city of Jerusalem has it returned to him without too much ado. This is the same country that prefers not to destroy a location being used to store ammunition or launch rockets if there is any risk of civilian casualties
Global Competitiveness Index Rankings GCI
. Two incentives brought about the initial transformation of these workshops into more modern factories - the immigration of entrepreneurs and experienced engineers from Germany in the 1930s and the increasing demand for industrial products during World War II (1939-45) as the Allied forces in the region required various commodities, especially clothing and canned foods, and the region needed products that could not be imported from Europe because of the war. Due to its lack of natural resources and raw materials, Israel's one advantage is its highly qualified labor force, scientific institutes, and R&D centers. Today Israeli industry concentrates mostly on manufacturing products with high added value, by developing products based on Israel's own scientific creativity and technological innovation.
Construction In the early years of statehood, residential building accounted for 84 percent of total construction output. Subsequently, allowing for more infrastructure construction, it fluctuated between 70-75 percent until 1991, when it leaped back to 86 percent in order to meet the demands of renewed immigration. As a result, the construction sector output also rose sharply in 1991, a year when the number of apartment-unit-starts reached an all time peak of 83,500. Since then that annual figure has dropped steadily to 29,000 in 2004.Transport and Communications The importance of the transport and communications sector largely exceeds its small share in the economy's statistics, as it is an infrastructure industry serving all other branches of the economy as well as households. It is a service rather than a production sector, and is growing - as is the case in all modern economies - faster than the production industries. A remarkable growth in the aviation part of this sector took place in recent years (thanks to a parallel in tourism increase), but the growth of the communications sector has been even faster.Transport and communications contributed 7 percent to the GDP in 2006, constituted some 8 percent of exports of goods and services, and employed 5 percent of the country's labor force.Tourism Tourists are attracted by Israel's geographical diversity, its archeological and religious sites, the almost unlimited sunshine and modern resort facilities on the Mediterranean, Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee), the Red Sea, and the Dead Sea.In the year 2000, the largest number of tourists ever - 2.41 million - visited the country (compared to 33,000 in 1950, 118,000 in 1960, 441,000 in 1970, 1.18 million in 1980, and 1.34 million in 1990). This figure was topped in 2008 as Israel opened its doors to more than 3 million tourists.Although this industry contributes less than 3% to the GNP, it has a foreign currency added value of 85 percent (making it the added-value leader among the country's export industries) and employs some 80,000 persons. This industry's large potential is yet to be exploited, as it is a major factor in Israel's economic growth plan.
Construction In the early years of statehood, residential building accounted for 84 percent of total construction output. Subsequently, allowing for more infrastructure construction, it fluctuated between 70-75 percent until 1991, when it leaped back to 86 percent in order to meet the demands of renewed immigration. As a result, the construction sector output also rose sharply in 1991, a year when the number of apartment-unit-starts reached an all time peak of 83,500. Since then that annual figure has dropped steadily to 29,000 in 2004.Transport and Communications The importance of the transport and communications sector largely exceeds its small share in the economy's statistics, as it is an infrastructure industry serving all other branches of the economy as well as households. It is a service rather than a production sector, and is growing - as is the case in all modern economies - faster than the production industries. A remarkable growth in the aviation part of this sector took place in recent years (thanks to a parallel in tourism increase), but the growth of the communications sector has been even faster.Transport and communications contributed 7 percent to the GDP in 2006, constituted some 8 percent of exports of goods and services, and employed 5 percent of the country's labor force.Tourism Tourists are attracted by Israel's geographical diversity, its archeological and religious sites, the almost unlimited sunshine and modern resort facilities on the Mediterranean, Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee), the Red Sea, and the Dead Sea.In the year 2000, the largest number of tourists ever - 2.41 million - visited the country (compared to 33,000 in 1950, 118,000 in 1960, 441,000 in 1970, 1.18 million in 1980, and 1.34 million in 1990). This figure was topped in 2008 as Israel opened its doors to more than 3 million tourists.Although this industry contributes less than 3% to the GNP, it has a foreign currency added value of 85 percent (making it the added-value leader among the country's export industries) and employs some 80,000 persons. This industry's large potential is yet to be exploited, as it is a major factor in Israel's economic growth plan.
Construction In the early years of statehood, residential building accounted for 84 percent of total construction output. Subsequently, allowing for more infrastructure construction, it fluctuated between 70-75 percent until 1991, when it leaped back to 86 percent in order to meet the demands of renewed immigration. As a result, the construction sector output also rose sharply in 1991, a year when the number of apartment-unit-starts reached an all time peak of 83,500. Since then that annual figure has dropped steadily to 29,000 in 2004.Transport and Communications The importance of the transport and communications sector largely exceeds its small share in the economy's statistics, as it is an infrastructure industry serving all other branches of the economy as well as households. It is a service rather than a production sector, and is growing - as is the case in all modern economies - faster than the production industries. A remarkable growth in the aviation part of this sector took place in recent years (thanks to a parallel in tourism increase), but the growth of the communications sector has been even faster.Transport and communications contributed 7 percent to the GDP in 2006, constituted some 8 percent of exports of goods and services, and employed 5 percent of the country's labor force.Tourism Tourists are attracted by Israel's geographical diversity, its archeological and religious sites, the almost unlimited sunshine and modern resort facilities on the Mediterranean, Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee), the Red Sea, and the Dead Sea.In the year 2000, the largest number of tourists ever - 2.41 million - visited the country (compared to 33,000 in 1950, 118,000 in 1960, 441,000 in 1970, 1.18 million in 1980, and 1.34 million in 1990). This figure was topped in 2008 as Israel opened its doors to more than 3 million tourists.Although this industry contributes less than 3% to the GNP, it has a foreign currency added value of 85 percent (making it the added-value leader among the country's export industries) and employs some 80,000 persons. This industry's large potential is yet to be exploited, as it is a major factor in Israel's economic growth plan.
Construction In the early years of statehood, residential building accounted for 84 percent of total construction output. Subsequently, allowing for more infrastructure construction, it fluctuated between 70-75 percent until 1991, when it leaped back to 86 percent in order to meet the demands of renewed immigration. As a result, the construction sector output also rose sharply in 1991, a year when the number of apartment-unit-starts reached an all time peak of 83,500. Since then that annual figure has dropped steadily to 29,000 in 2004.Transport and Communications The importance of the transport and communications sector largely exceeds its small share in the economy's statistics, as it is an infrastructure industry serving all other branches of the economy as well as households. It is a service rather than a production sector, and is growing - as is the case in all modern economies - faster than the production industries. A remarkable growth in the aviation part of this sector took place in recent years (thanks to a parallel in tourism increase), but the growth of the communications sector has been even faster.Transport and communications contributed 7 percent to the GDP in 2006, constituted some 8 percent of exports of goods and services, and employed 5 percent of the country's labor force.Tourism Tourists are attracted by Israel's geographical diversity, its archeological and religious sites, the almost unlimited sunshine and modern resort facilities on the Mediterranean, Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee), the Red Sea, and the Dead Sea.In the year 2000, the largest number of tourists ever - 2.41 million - visited the country (compared to 33,000 in 1950, 118,000 in 1960, 441,000 in 1970, 1.18 million in 1980, and 1.34 million in 1990). This figure was topped in 2008 as Israel opened its doors to more than 3 million tourists.Although this industry contributes less than 3% to the GNP, it has a foreign currency added value of 85 percent (making it the added-value leader among the country's export industries) and employs some 80,000 persons. This industry's large potential is yet to be exploited, as it is a major factor in Israel's economic growth plan.
Today's EFTA members are Liechtenstein, Iceland, Norway, and Switzerland
Construction In the early years of statehood, residential building accounted for 84 percent of total construction output. Subsequently, allowing for more infrastructure construction, it fluctuated between 70-75 percent until 1991, when it leaped back to 86 percent in order to meet the demands of renewed immigration. As a result, the construction sector output also rose sharply in 1991, a year when the number of apartment-unit-starts reached an all time peak of 83,500. Since then that annual figure has dropped steadily to 29,000 in 2004.Transport and Communications The importance of the transport and communications sector largely exceeds its small share in the economy's statistics, as it is an infrastructure industry serving all other branches of the economy as well as households. It is a service rather than a production sector, and is growing - as is the case in all modern economies - faster than the production industries. A remarkable growth in the aviation part of this sector took place in recent years (thanks to a parallel in tourism increase), but the growth of the communications sector has been even faster.Transport and communications contributed 7 percent to the GDP in 2006, constituted some 8 percent of exports of goods and services, and employed 5 percent of the country's labor force.Tourism Tourists are attracted by Israel's geographical diversity, its archeological and religious sites, the almost unlimited sunshine and modern resort facilities on the Mediterranean, Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee), the Red Sea, and the Dead Sea.In the year 2000, the largest number of tourists ever - 2.41 million - visited the country (compared to 33,000 in 1950, 118,000 in 1960, 441,000 in 1970, 1.18 million in 1980, and 1.34 million in 1990). This figure was topped in 2008 as Israel opened its doors to more than 3 million tourists.Although this industry contributes less than 3% to the GNP, it has a foreign currency added value of 85 percent (making it the added-value leader among the country's export industries) and employs some 80,000 persons. This industry's large potential is yet to be exploited, as it is a major factor in Israel's economic growth plan.
The year 2000 was the first ever in the country's economic history with both a zero inflation rate and a significant decrease of the balance of trade deficit, the latter declining further to less than $1 billion in 2009, representing less than 1 percent of total trade.• In May 2010 Israel was accepted into the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), a tribute to its emergence as a developed economy of the first class.• Israel absorbed almost 1.2 million immigrants in a decade, augmenting the country's civilian labor force, from 1.65 million in 1990 to 3 million in 2010.• Inflation was defeated, from an annual rate of 445% in 1984 to 21% in 1989, 0% in 2000 - rising only to 2.4% in 2005 and to less than zero - 0.1% in 2006. This achievement allowed the central bank to lower interest rates to near zero during the financial crisis of 2007-2010 - while still keeping inflation within the target 3-5% range.• Foreign debt was eliminated, from being 1.6 times the GDP in 1985, still 25% of the GDP in 1995, declining to less than 3% in 2001, and down to zero by 2003 - with Israel since then becoming a creditor (i.e., the world economy owes it much more than Israel owes the world). By 2010 the world owed Israel a net total of $50 billion.• Foreign investments rose steadily, encouraging the GDP and accelerating growth of exports from $175 million in 1987 to $5.8 billion in 1997, to $10.7 billion in 2005, and $16.9 billion in 2009.• Industrial exports grew almost six-fold in the past two decades, from $6 billion in 1985 to $39.8 billion in 2008 and $34.6 billion in 2009.• In 2010 Israel announced the discovery of a huge natural gas field in its coastal waters, raising the prospect that the country may be able to reduce its dependence on energy imports and even become a gas exporter.
Israel has been thriving as a market economy in last few decades.Followinfg factors have been the major contributorsExpenditure in R &D is highVC funding highQualified scientists engineers are abundantIT skills are high
Israel is called as the high-tech powerhouse.Because of the mentioned Competitive edge, Israel has relative advantage in this industryThe reasons for this advantage areSkilled workforce. Apparently Israel has the highest % of researchers and scientists as a percentage of populationHigh capital availability. Govt funding and VC investement in the sector has made Israel the only country with 4.7 % investment in R&D as a % of GDPThe high-tech industry forms a large part of the Israeli economy.The country is a global leader in many hi-tech sectors such as electronics, generic pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and aeronautics. Exports of products by the hi-tech industry has been grown at an annual rate of 8.5% in the last five years. In March this year, the sector brought in $2.1B in export revenue
Israel has relative advantage in some industries: Hi Tech and Chemical are the prominent onesThe reasons for this advantage areSkilled workforce. Apparently Israel has the highest % of researchers and scientists as a percentage of populationHigh capital availability. Govt funding and VC investement in the sector has made Israel the only country with 4.7 % investment in R&D as a % of GDPThe high-tech industry forms a large part of the Israeli economy.While Germany is known for engineering, Israel can be called as a high-tech powerhouse.The country is a global leader in many hi-tech sectors such as electronics, generic pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and aeronautics. Exports of products by the hi-tech industry has been grown at an annual rate of 8.5% in the last five years. In March this year, the sector brought in $2.1B in export revenue
The year 2000 was the first ever in the country's economic history with both a zero inflation rate and a significant decrease of the balance of trade deficit, the latter declining further to less than $1 billion in 2009, representing less than 1 percent of total trade.• In May 2010 Israel was accepted into the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), a tribute to its emergence as a developed economy of the first class.• Israel absorbed almost 1.2 million immigrants in a decade, augmenting the country's civilian labor force, from 1.65 million in 1990 to 3 million in 2010.• Inflation was defeated, from an annual rate of 445% in 1984 to 21% in 1989, 0% in 2000 - rising only to 2.4% in 2005 and to less than zero - 0.1% in 2006. This achievement allowed the central bank to lower interest rates to near zero during the financial crisis of 2007-2010 - while still keeping inflation within the target 3-5% range.• Foreign debt was eliminated, from being 1.6 times the GDP in 1985, still 25% of the GDP in 1995, declining to less than 3% in 2001, and down to zero by 2003 - with Israel since then becoming a creditor (i.e., the world economy owes it much more than Israel owes the world). By 2010 the world owed Israel a net total of $50 billion.• Foreign investments rose steadily, encouraging the GDP and accelerating growth of exports from $175 million in 1987 to $5.8 billion in 1997, to $10.7 billion in 2005, and $16.9 billion in 2009.• Industrial exports grew almost six-fold in the past two decades, from $6 billion in 1985 to $39.8 billion in 2008 and $34.6 billion in 2009.• In 2010 Israel announced the discovery of a huge natural gas field in its coastal waters, raising the prospect that the country may be able to reduce its dependence on energy imports and even become a gas exporter.
Ranked higher - 15 out of 169 countries (in 2010) - on the United Nations Human Development Index.which takes into account not only economic performance but also performance in the fields of health, education and gender equalityThe year 2000 was the first ever in the country's economic history with both a zero inflation rate and a significant decrease of the balance of trade deficit, the latter declining further to less than $1 billion in 2009, representing less than 1 percent of total trade.• In May 2010 Israel was accepted into the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), a tribute to its emergence as a developed economy of the first class.• Israel absorbed almost 1.2 million immigrants in a decade, augmenting the country's civilian labor force, from 1.65 million in 1990 to 3 million in 2010.• Inflation was defeated, from an annual rate of 445% in 1984 to 21% in 1989, 0% in 2000 - rising only to 2.4% in 2005 and to less than zero - 0.1% in 2006. This achievement allowed the central bank to lower interest rates to near zero during the financial crisis of 2007-2010 - while still keeping inflation within the target 3-5% range.• Foreign debt was eliminated, from being 1.6 times the GDP in 1985, still 25% of the GDP in 1995, declining to less than 3% in 2001, and down to zero by 2003 - with Israel since then becoming a creditor (i.e., the world economy owes it much more than Israel owes the world). By 2010 the world owed Israel a net total of $50 billion.• Foreign investments rose steadily, encouraging the GDP and accelerating growth of exports from $175 million in 1987 to $5.8 billion in 1997, to $10.7 billion in 2005, and $16.9 billion in 2009.• Industrial exports grew almost six-fold in the past two decades, from $6 billion in 1985 to $39.8 billion in 2008 and $34.6 billion in 2009.• In 2010 Israel announced the discovery of a huge natural gas field in its coastal waters, raising the prospect that the country may be able to reduce its dependence on energy imports and even become a gas exporter.
Israel's most striking economic achievement is the rate at which it has developed while simultaneously dealing with the following enormously expensive challenges:• Maintaining national security: Israel now spends around 8 percent (as against over 25% in the 1970s and 23% in 1980) of its GDP on defense. Even in eras of relative calm, Israel must retain a strong deterrent capability.• Absorbing large numbers of immigrants: The "ingathering of the exiles" is practically the raison d'etre of the Jewish state. Since its inception, Israel has absorbed more than 3 million immigrants, more than five times the number of Jews living in the country when it attained independence in 1948. In its first four years alone, Israel's population more than doubled as 700,000 immigrants, mostly refugees from postwar Europe and Arab states, poured into the country.Since 1990 another wave of 1.2 million immigrants (940,000 from the former Soviet Union alone), required enormous outlays for their physical and social absorption. However, much faster than the previous waves of immigration, these newcomers soon contributed to accelerating the GDP growth - though also temporarily increasing unemployment to an 11.2 percent high in 1992. This was gradually reduced to below 6 percent before the financial crisis struck.• Establishing a modern economic infrastructure: Although basic networks of roads, transportation, port facilities, water, electricity, and communications existed in 1948, they were far from adequate, requiring enormous outlays for their development and expansion. Without this huge investment in communications and transportation, much of the expedited growth of the economy could have never occurred.• Providing a high level of public services (health, education, welfare, etc.): As Israel is committed to ensuring the well-being of its population (with special concern for the weaker elements in the society) a continuously growing proportion of its resources had been devoted to meet these obligations. Recent budgets have placed a special emphasis on education and other programs aimed at investing in the country’s future workforce while helping to close the income gap.
For Israeli society and economy to move up a grade, three major transformations need to take place. The first is a political settlement of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This may not allow for an immediate reduction in defense expenditures, but it may at least prevent routine additional expenditures tagged for "hostilities" in the occupied territories. Over the last two decades, these expenditures have amounted to more than the combined annual budgets for Education and Health. A political settlement would also raise Israel's credit rating and open up new markets in the region. Most importantly, it would facilitate a major change in the national agenda, from guns to butter and from the prioritization of military affairs to the prioritization of civilian and social ones. The second transformation needed is in the field of education. At the present time, less than 50% of Israeli 17 year olds receive a high school matriculation diploma, and only about 30% of the age group enrolls in college or university within eight years of high school graduation. Down-sizing of the state, which began in 1985, has hit the budgets of most schools, especially in the social and geographic periphery of the country. Parents who can afford it, most of them in the big cities in the center of the country, improve their children's chances by making out-of-pocket payments for additional teaching hours inside the schools and private lessons outside of them. And this, in turn, works to make high scholastic achievements the privilege of a shrinking sector of the population.In contemporary Israel, income and wealth are becoming more and more concentrated - which brings us to the third transformation needed: a long-term investment policy that centers not only on high-tech and finance, and not only in the Tel Aviv area. Such a policy change, combined with a long-term educational transformation, would provide a much larger pool of highly educated persons capable of functioning in a global environment. This needs to be accompanied by a labor policy based on workers' rights and strict, universal implementation of labor laws.