Islamic thought and culture chapter 3

Islamic Thought and Culture
Title
Chapter Three
Date
Lifetime Learning… Building Thought andTowards Globalization
EIBFS/Islamic Success… Culture

1

Faith and Belief
• Pillars of faith:
• To be Muslim, on need to:
– believe that Allah is the One and the Only God;
– believe in Allah’s prophets and messengers;
– believe that Muhammad (PBUH) is His final messenger
and prophet;
– believe in Allah’s angels;
– believe in Allah’s divine revealed books;
– believe that Quran is Allah’s final preserved word;
– believe in the Day of judgment and accountability.
– believe in Destiny ( Al Qadr)
EIBFS/Islamic Thought and Culture

2

1. Witness of the Oneness of Allah
• Belief in the oneness of Allah is based on three
dimensions;
a. Allah’s divinity
b. Allah’s Godhood
c. Allah’s Unique names and attributes.


3

a. To believe in Allah’s divinity means that one
has to believe that;
-

-

Allah is the Lord, the Creator, the Sovereign and
the Manager of all affairs.
Only Allah provides sustenance for His creatures
and no one else.
Only Allah knows the unseen
Allah alone has the knowledge of the hour and
day of judgment.

4

• b. to believe in Allah’s Godhood;
- Allah is the true God while every other so called-deity is false
and not worthy of worship.
- to sincerely worship Allah alone, with complete love for Allah
above all.
- To have full trust and faith only in Allah.


5

C. To believe in Allah’s Unique names and attributes;
- To believe and affirm all names and attributes of
Allah as mentioned in the Holy Quran and sunnah of
the prophet (pbuh)
- To glorify Allah’s names and attributes above any
comparison to those of any creation.
- To believe in names and attributes of Allah as they
are without attaching them to any creation.


6

Virtues of belief in Allah
• Believing in Oneness of Allah, builds in the individual;
– love and glorification of Allah,
– psychological peace; and
– spiritual strength
• It leads to;
– achieving ultimate happiness in this life and the hereafter.
– following His commands and avoiding His prohibitions.


7

Belief in Angels
• God created angels beings with intellect, but unlike
human beings angels were not granted free will.
• We believe in their existence and that they are;
– created to worship and obey Allah
– honored servants carrying Allah’s command


8

Angels duties
• Angels are assigned different functions.
• Gabriel; assigned with revelations to Allah’s Prophets
and messengers.
• Others angels are in charge of;
–
–
–
–
–
–

rain,
mountain,
blowing the horn
Taking people’s souls at time of death;
Keeping records of all deeds and actions until death;
questioning the dead after his burial.

9

Revealed Scriptures
• To guide and redirect humanity, Allah revealed books
and scriptures to His messengers.
• We are ordered to believe in all the books that Allah
has revealed to messengers before Mohammad
(pbuh)


10

• Books that are revealed by Allah include:
–
–
–
–
–

Suhuf of Prohphet Ibrahim
The zabur that Allah gave to Prophet Dawud;
The Tawarah that was revealed to Prophet Musa;
The Injil that was revealed to Prophet Isa’
The Nobel Quran that was revealed to our Prophet
Muhammad (pbuh)


11

• Muslims believe that the Holy Quran is the final
unchanged revelation.
• It contains 30 parts that makes 114 chapters.
• It acts as guidance to humanity and regulates every
phase of their life, practice, laws and morals.


12

Some of the Qualities of the Quran
1. The only divine book which Allah pledged to preserve
2. It contains summary of the teachings of the previous books.
3. The Quran came easy for people to understand and follow.
4. It contains the purposes of Islamic law; causes of happiness
in this life and hereafter.
5. It is the final revealed book.
6. The Prophet Mohammad Message is for all humanity and it
is the final message.


13

Prophets and Messengers of Allah
• Allah sent human Messengers and Prophets to act as
warners and bringing good tidings to humankind.
• There are 25 Messengers and Prophets mentioned
in the Quran.
• We must believe and respect and love to all
Messengers and Prophets and;
• We must believe that Muhammad (pbuh) is the last
of all prophets and was sent with final and complete
guidance for all humanity.

14

• Adam was the first prophet and from Ibrahim came a
long line of prophets through his two sons Ismai’l and
Ishaq.
• Ismail was the forefather of Arab people and Prophet
Muhammad (pbuh).
• From Ishaq descended a number of Prophets such as
Yaqub, Yousuf, Mosa, Dawood, Sulaiman and Isa (pbuh).


15

Duties of Messengers and Prophets
Some of the tasks and duties of Messengers and Prophets are:
1. Conveying the messages of Allah to His creation
2. Reminding people and guiding them.
3. Educating and preparing people
4. Being a living example for his people


16

Virtues of Belief in Messengers
• Belief in Messengers directs us to appreciate Allah’s
mercy through sending great messengers to guide us.
• Through messengers people were guided to the
proper worship and led their lives.


17

The Hereafter and the Day of Judgment
• Belief in the Hereafter contains three elements of
faith.
– Believe in the resurrection (rebirth) of the dead;
– Believe in the day of judgment;
– Believe in the Heaven and Hell.


18

• Islamic gives freedom of choice to every individual;
however with such freedom come accountability.
• Each person is responsible for his/her actions.
• Although the hereafter with all its stages is unseen, it
is well documented in the Quran.


19

The Destiny
• Islam teaches that everything that occurs in the
universe is controlled by Allah and is a part of His
eternal plan.
• Nothing occurs or takes shape within the heavens or
on earth but with His knowledge and by His order.


20

• Belief in Predestination consists of four aspects:
• Knowledge: Allah knows everything. What already
happened, what is happening, what will happen, and
how it will happen. His knowledge is eternal.
• Recording: Allah has recorded what already happened,
what is happening, what will happen, and how it will
happen until the day of judgment.
• Will: Nothing happens except by His will.
• Creation: Allah is the creator of All things.


21

Acts of Worship
• Islam is not only built on a set of belief; belief needs to
be followed by action.
• The concept of worship in Islam is unique as every action
of an individual carried out for the pleasure of Allah is
considered as an act of reward able worship.


22

• In addition, there are five obligatory acts of worship, that are
called the five pillars of Islam.
• Shahadah – Declaration of Faith
• Salah – The Prayer
• Sawm – Fasting
• Zakah – Charity
• Hajj – Pilgrimage to Makkah
• These acts of worship are obligatory to all Muslims at all times
and places, except when someone is unable to perform them
because of age, sickness, lack of financial resources or fear of
persecution.

23

Shahadah – Declaration of Faith
• The first act of worship is declaration that:

•
• This declaration contains two parts:

• The first part

refers that:

– No god is worthy of worship and only worthy of worship is Allah;

• The second part refers to:
– the prophethood of Mohammad, his messages and guidance.


24

The Prayer: Salah
• Prayer is the most visible act of worship that shapes
one’s daily life.
• One of the effects of prayer is that it cultivates the
heart and makes it find satisfaction.
• Prayer protects the human being from indulging in
evil action.
• When performed in congregation, it also provides a
strong sense of community, equality and
brotherhood.

25

Sawm – Fasting
• Fasting is the third act of worship in Islam.
• It is compulsory on all adults who are physically able
to fast.
• Fasting reduces one’s desires.
• It trains a person in self-restraint.
• The core value that fasting aims is to attain piety,
humbleness and to feel hunger of those who are in
need.


26

Zakah – Charity
• The fourth pillar of Islam zakah is an obligatory form
of charity on one’s annual savings.
• The word zakah means purification and growth.
• Zakah is one of the greatest social and financial
establishment in Islam.
• It creates social harmony by recognizing needs of
others.
• Allah promised that giving charity will never decrease
the wealth; on the contrary it will increase it.

27

Hajj – Pilgrimage to Makkah
• Hajj is an act of obedience and worship that was first
performed by Prophet Ibrahim.
• Pilgrimage to Makkah for Hajj is an essential duty once in
a lifetime upon all Muslims who are in good health and
financially able.
• Hajj is an act of purification in which a person washes
away all his/her sins.
• Hajj reminds people that one day everyone will face their
Creator.
• It is a reminder that all mankind are equal.
• It encourages the feeling of equality and brotherhood
amongst all Muslims.

28

Review Questions
• Write pillar of faith in Islam.
• Belief in the oneness of Allah is based on three
dimensions; list them.
• Write some of the duties of angels.
• Write some of the books revealed by Allah on His
Prophets.
• Write four main qualities of the Holy Quran.
• Write four duties and tasks of prophets.
• Belief in the Hereafter contains three elements of faith.
List them.
• Briefly explain four aspects of belief in Predestination.

29

Review Questions
• Write in details effects and benefits of salah (prayer)
on individual and social life.
• Write some benefits of sawm (fasting).
• Write a note on zakah in Islamic system.
• Write a note on the effect of Hajj in life of a Muslim.


30

Islamic thought and culture chapter 3

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