In Islam, health is considered part of worshipping God, and the Quran and teachings of Prophet Muhammad emphasize maintaining cleanliness and hygiene. Sanitation involves proper disposal of human and other waste to prevent disease, as well as clean drinking water, food handling, and environmental cleanliness. Islamic rules also outline specific hygiene practices for activities like using the toilet to maintain ritual purity.

1. ISH 100
Topic 2:
INTRODUCTION TO
SANITATION & HYGIENE IN
ISLAM
Nurul Atikah Poniran
Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies (ACIS)

2. The Concept of Health in Islam and its
relationship with Sanitation
In Islam, the concept of health as demonstrated in the
Quran and Sunnah is that: Mankind should mentally,
physically and spiritually sound.
• Health is part and parcel of worship and subservience
to Allah. A weak person may not perform his duties
towards Allah, his family and community as ONLY the
strong health one can do.

3. • Many of the traditions of Prophet Muhammad make it clear
that preserving the purity of water is very important.
• He said, “no one who wakes from sleep must put his hand
into any utensil until he has washed it three times, as he
does not know what his hand has touched”, (Sahih
Muslim)
• and he warned against leaving food and water uncovered
overnight. Prophet Muhammad instructed his followers to tie
up the mouths of their water skins and to cover their food
containers. (Ibn Majah)

4. Introduction to Sanitation
and Hygiene in Islam
• Introduction:
- Hygiene and cleanliness are strongly
emphasized in Islam and it includes every
aspect of personal hygiene, dress, equipment
and premise where food is processed or
prepared. In fact the basis of Halal itself is
hygiene and health (Halal and Toyyiba)

5. Definition of hygiene
 “Hygiene” is defined as a set of practice
performed for the preservation of health.
 -A cumulative group of practices that is
perceived by groups of people to be a way
towards healthy living or good health.
 Cleanliness is an important part of Islam,
including Qur'anic verses that teach how to
achieve ritual cleanliness.
 Eg: Keeping oral hygiene through cleaning the
teeth with the use of a form of toothbrush called
miswak is considered sunnah, the way of
Prophet Muhammad

6. • Islamic hygienical jurisprudence includes a number of
regulations involving cleanliness during salat (obligatory
prayer) through Wudu and Ghusl, as well as dietary
laws and toilet etiquette for Muslims.
• The fiqh is based on admonitions in the Qur'an for
Muslims to be ritually clean whenever possible, as well
as in hadith (words, actions, or habits of the Islamic
prophet Muhammad).

7. Cont..
• Hygiene is often associated with the
human body. We use the word
“hygiene” for our body by brushing our
teeth, taking a bath, and so on and so
forth. Hand washing is also part of
hygiene and is considered as the
universal precaution in preventing the
transmission of microorganisms.

8. Cont…Personal Hygiene
• One of the most effective ways we have to protect ourselves
and others from illness is good personal hygiene. This means
washing your hands, especially, but also your body. It means
being careful not to cough or sneeze on others, cleaning
things that you touch if you are unwell, putting items such as
tissues (that may have germs) into a bin, and using protection
(like gloves or condoms) when you might be at risk of
catching an infection.
Personal hygiene, such as bathing, is very much dependent
on the culture in which you live. In some cultures, it is
expected that you will wash your body at least every day and
use deodorants to stop body smells. Other cultures have
different expectations.

9.  Body odour
 Body smells are caused by a number of factors working in combination,
including:Chemicals in sweat, including pheromones, which are made
by the body and sexually attract (or repel) other people.
 Wastes excreted through the skin, such as metabolised alcohol.
 The actions of bacteria that live on the skin and feed on dead skin cells
and sweat.
 Unwashed clothes, such as underwear and socks.
 Hand washing
 Most infections, especially colds and gastroenteritis, are caught when
we put our unwashed hands, which have germs on them, to our mouth.
Some infections are caught when other people’s dirty hands touch the
food we eat. Hands and wrists should be washed with clean soap and
water, using a brush if your fingernails are dirty. Dry your hands with
something clean, such as paper towels or hot air dryers. You should
always wash your hands:After using the toilet
 Before making or eating food
 After handling dogs or other animals
 If you have been around someone who is coughing or has a cold.

10. Definition of sanitation
“Sanitation,” is defined as the
preventing of disease by means of
removing or eliminating the
environmental factors.
- A way in which humans promote
healthy living and good health by
preventing human contact with wastes
and other forms of microorganisms that
cause disease.

11. Cont…
“Sanitation,” on the other hand, free
from:
HUMAN
WASTE
ENVIRONMENTAL
WASTE
OTHER
FORMS
OF
WASTE

12. Introduction to Sanitation
and Hygiene in Islam
• There are different types of sanitation such as
Basic sanitation which is
the management of human feces
On-site sanitation which is the way
humans dispose and treat other forms
of waste
Food sanitation which is the proper
handling of food

13. Introduction to Sanitation
and Hygiene in Islam
• There are different types of sanitation such as
Environmental sanitation encompasses the control of environmental factors that are connected to
disease transmission. Subsets of this category are solid waste management, water and wastewater
treatment, industrial waste treatment and noise and pollution control.
The Environmental sanitation process involves disposing of waste properly, so it does not
threaten the environment or public health.
There are four types of sanitation methods: filtration, landfills, recycling and ecological.
Practicing proper hand washing and surface cleaning techniques are all part of
best sanitation practices
Ecological sanitation which tries to copy how nature works through the recycling of human
and animal waste into a more useful form of material.
an age-old “technology” that protects human and ecosystem health while preventing water
pollution, conserving energy, and capturing nutrients

15. Introduction to Sanitation
and Hygiene in Islam
• Legal evidences according to alQuran and As Sunnah

16. Introduction to Sanitation
and Hygiene in Islam
• Legal evidences according to alQuran and As Sunnah

17. Islamic toilet etiquette
• The Islamic faith has particular rules regarding personal hygiene when going to
the toilet. This code is known as Qadaahul Haajah.
• Issues of laterality, such as whether one uses the left or right hand and the foot
used to step into or out of toilet areas, are derived from hadith sources. The only
issue which the Qur'an mentions is the one of washing one's hands especially
after using the toilet which is mentioned in verse 5:6.
• Examples of these rules include, but are not limited to:
 It is strongly forbidden to make the toilet close to the flowing waters, or to be by
flowing water whilst relieving yourself.
 It is preferable to step into the bathroom area with the left leg and step outside
the bathroom area with the right leg.
 One should remain silent whilst on the toilet. Talking, answering greetings or
greeting others is heavily disliked.[7]
 One should not face nor turn one's back on Qibla (the direction Muslims face to
pray) whilst relieving oneself.[7]
 When leaving the toilet one should also say a prayer, "O Allah! Bestow your
forgiveness upon me."[7]
 Use of toilet paper is acceptable, but washing with water is still needed for purity
and to minimize germs present in feces from touching the skin.

18. Introduction to Sanitation
and Hygiene in Islam
• Legal evidences according to alQuran and As Sunnah
Abu Malik at-Ash'ari reported:
The Messenger of Allah ( ‫ﷺ‬
) said: Cleanliness is half of faith and al-
Hamdu Liliah (Praise be to Allah) fills the scale, and Subhan Allah
(Glory be to Allah) and al-Hamdu Liliah (Praise be to Allah) fill
upwhat is between the heavens and the earth, and prayer is a light,
and charity is proof (of one's faith) and endurance is a brightness
and the Holy Qur'an is a proof on your behalf or against you. All
men go out early in the morning and sell themselves, thereby setting
themselves free or destroying themselves.

19. What is the importance of sanitation?
 Improved sanitation also helps the environment.
 Clean drinking water and good sanitation would not
prevent infections without practicing good hygiene.
 A simple habit of washing hands goes a long way
towards preventing diseases.
 The stored water supply may also serve as a source of
infection in the absence of hygiene.

20. Introduction to Sanitation
and Hygiene in Islam
Importance
of
sanitation
and
hygiene
By ensuring that our body is clean and well presented,
we are more assured of projecting a positive body
image that reflects our personalities.
good hygiene practices will help to keep you healthy,
give you confidence and be pleasant for those around
you
Poor hygiene can lead to poor health. If you have cut
yourself, the wound should be cleaned and dressed
suitably, this can help reduced the risk of infection and
pain.

21. Answer all question