Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. It is determined by multiple internal and external factors that interact in health promoting or deleterious ways. Maintaining good hygiene and a healthy environment are important for preventing disease. Proper hygiene practices include keeping clean living and working spaces, washing hands, cleaning the body, and properly disposing of garbage and waste. A healthy environment involves preventing water stagnation, proper sewage treatment, and uncontaminated drinking water.

1. HEALTH AND
HYGIENE

2. WHAT IS HEALTH?
Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental and social-being and not merely an absence of disease or
infirmity.
Physical health and mental health are inter-related. A sound mind in a sound body is an old and appropriate saying for
good health.

3. PHILOSOPHY OF HEALTH
• Health is a fundamental human right.
• Health is essence of productive life.
• Health is inter- sectorial.
• Health is integral part of development.
• Health is central to quality of life.
• Health involves individuals, state and international responsibility.
• Health and its maintenance is major social investment.
• Health is world-wide social goal.

4. ASPECTS OF HEALTH
• Subjective: It is formed by sensations and feelings of a person suffering from disease.
• Objective: Its basis is formed by objective parameters obtained by measurement of
structures and functions of a person during disease.
The quality of life can be evaluated by assessing the persons subjective feeling of
happiness or unhappiness about the various life concerns.

5. DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
Health is determined by multiple factors:
• The health of an individual and community is influenced by: individual (internal) and
external factors.
• The individual factors include by his own genetic factors and the external factors
include environmental factors.
• These factors interact and these interactions may be health promoting or deleterious.
• Thus, the health of individuals and whole communities may be considered to be the
result of many interactions.

6. RESPONSIBILITY OF HEALTH
• Individual responsibility: self care for maintaining their own health.
• Community responsibility: health care for the people to the health care by the people.
• State responsibility: constitutional rights.
• International responsibility: Health for All through PHC.

7. A HEALTHY PERSON HAS FOLLOWING
FEATURES..
• A clear skin.
• Bright, clear eyes.
• A body neither too fat nor too thin.
• Fresh breath.
• Good appetite.
• Sound sleep.
• Regular activity of bladder and bowels.
• Coordinated body movements.

8. CONSEQUENCES OF POOR HEALTH
• Poor nutrition habits can be a behavioral health issue, because nutrition and diet affect how
you feel, look, think and act. A bad diet results in lower core strength, slower problem
solving ability and muscle response time, and less alertness. Poor nutrition creates many
other negative health effects as well.
• Obesity
• Hypertension
• High Cholesterol and Heart Disease
• Diabetes
• Stroke
• Gout
• Cancer

9. WHAT IS HYGIENE??
Hygiene refers to conditions and practices that help to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases. Medical
hygiene therefore includes a specific set of practices associated with this preservation of health.

10. TYPES OF HYGIENE..
• Public hygiene:-
Sewage and chemical wastes should not be released into the water bodies. Sewage
should be chemically treated first before being released into the water bodies to avoid
water-borne diseases.
• Personal hygiene:-
• Take care of the skin, keep your hands and nails clean, wash your hair regularly, brush
your teeth and gums after every meal, wash your eye daily with tap water, nose must
be cleaned at regular intervals, never clean an ear with a sharp object,

11. CONSEQUENCES OF POOR HYGIENE
Personal hygiene encompasses all of the daily routines that help keep
your body clean. This includes regular healthy habits of brushing your
teeth, washing your hair, washing your hands, cleaning your body with
soap and water, wearing deodorant when possible and keeping your
clothing clean. When people don't learn these habits, or they become
overlooked, certain consequences may develop ranging from social
problems to potentially serious diseases.
• Body Odor
• Bad Breath
• Dental Disease
• General Disease such as the common cold, influenza (flu), salmonellosis,
hepatitis A, typhoid, streptococcus and staph infections.

12. IMPORTANCE OF HYGIENE
• It improves personality
• It makes people admire at you
• If you are clean, the action is also clean from you
• Makes the environment clean
• Easy flow of verbal communications and discussions
• It helps to improve hygiene in you.
• It enhances self-discipline
• People learn from you about your secret of success
• You are the winner in the competitive work life

13. HYGIENE PRACTICES..
 Keep your work place clean.
 Keep your tools, instruments and machinery clean
 Keep your office files clean
 Never allow dust accumulation
 Never shy in cleaning your tables by yourself.
 Use toilets in proper ways
 Use more water to avoid smell and stains
 Wash your hands and mouth after you use the toilet
 Always close the doors of toilets
 Open the doors of ventilation

14. IMPORTANCE OF HEALTHY
ENVIRONMENT
Environmental health has great importance in our lives because of the pollution that is
caused by different kind of resource such as manufacturing plants, smoke etc.
environmental health tells us how to deal directly with the pollution and all the tricks to
prevent from the harmful affects of this pollution. It’s the field of study with diverse
dimensions in ail the aspects of world including natural and artificial environment. All the
aspect of human safety which include external and internal physical, mental and
conscience health lies in the environmental health.

15. HOW TO MAINTAIN A HEALTHY
ENVIRONMENT..
• Maintain a healthy environment to prevent the spreading of diseases due to the
breeding of mosquitoes, house flies and microorganisms.
• Garbage should be kept in covered bins so that flies do not breed on them.
• Do not allow water to stagnate outside your house and in your neighborhood. All
drains should also be covered. This will avoid breeding of mosquitoes.
• There should be proper sewer lines connected to sewage treatment plants.
• Contamination of drinking water with a little amount of feces(human excreta) causes a
number of diseases.

16. WHAT IS DISEASE?
Disease is just the opposite of health: i.e. any deviation from normal functioning or state
of complete physical or mental well-being.

17. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DISEASE
ILLNESS AND SICKNESS
• The term disease literally means “without ease” (uneasiness), when something is wrong
with bodily function.
• Illness refers to the presence of a specific disease, and also to the individual’s
perceptions and behavior in response to the disease, as well as the impact of that
disease on the psychosocial environment.
• Sickness refers to a state of social dysfunction.

18. HEALTH PROMOTION
It is the process of enabling people to increase control over
diseases, and to improve their health. It is not directed against
any particular disease but is intended to strengthen the host
through a variety of approaches(interventions):
– Health Education
– Environmental Modifications
– Nutritional Interventions
– Lifestyle and Behavioral Change.

19. THANK YOU !
E F F O R T S B Y : A A G M A N S A I N I