3. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO HALAL
Prepared By:
Nuruul Hidayah Binti Mansor
Academy Of Contemporary Islamic Studies (Acis)
UiTM NEGERI SEMBILAN
Updated: Disember 2018
4. INTRODUCTION TO HALAL IN ISLAM
• 1.1 Meaning of Halal in Islam
• 1.2 Sources of Halal in Islam
• 1.3 Source of Haram in Islam
• 1.4 Concept of Halal and Toyyiba
• 1.5 Halal food of Animal Origin
• 1.6 Halal food of Plant Origin
CONTENT
LEARNING OUTCOME:
• Student should be able to explain the meaning of
Halal in Islam.
• Student should be able to explain the sources of
Halal and Haram in Islam
5. DEFINITION
1
2
HALAL :
Literal: The word Halal is an Arabic term, which derives from the
verb Halla ―to be or become lawful, legal, licit, legitimate,
permissible, permitted, allowable, allowed, admissible, un-prohibited,
un- forbidden.
Technical:
• The meaning of halal can be derived from an
analogy of knotted rope. ( Surah Taha : 27).
• A knotted rope tied to something is unusable unless
it is untied. Or in the other words, a knotted rope
tied to something cannot be used as long as it is still
in a knot. So, the concept of halal can derive from
this analogy.
3 According to JAKIM guideline:
Halal is defined as food not made of, or containing
parts of animal origin which Islamic law forbids to be
consumed. Food is halal if it does not contain or come
into contact with anything regarded as filth e.g. carrion,
alcohol, pork, blood, faeces, urine. It must also be
prepared , processed or manufactured using
ََو
ُ
هَ۞و
َ
ِي
ذ
ٱَّل
َ
َ
أ
َ
نش
َ
أ
َ
تَّٰذنَج
َ
تَّٰ َ
وشُرۡعذم
ََ ۡ
ي
َ
غَو
َ
تَّٰ َ
وشُرۡعَم
َ
َ
ل
ۡ
خذٱنلَو
َ
َ
عۡرذٱلزَو
ا
ً
فِلَت
ۡ ُ
ُم
ۥُه
ُ
ل
ُ
ك
ُ
أ
َ
َ
ونُتۡيذٱلزَو
َ
َ
انذمُّٱلرَو
اٗهِبَّٰ َ
ش
َ
تُم
ََ ۡ
ي
َ
غَو
َُم
َ
هِبَّٰ َ
ش
َ
ت
َ
وا
ُ ُ
ُك
ِنم
َ
ِۦهِرَم
َ
ث
َ
ا
َ
ذِإ
ََرَم
ۡ
ث
َ
أ
َ
وا
ُ
اتَءَو
ۥُه
ذ
قَح
ََمۡوَي
َ
ِۦهِدا َ
صَح
َ
َ
لَو
َ
ُ
فِ
ۡ
ۡس
ُ
ت
َ
او
ۥُه
ذ
نِإ
َ
َ
ل
َُّ
بِ
ُ
ُي
ََِيفِ
ۡ
ۡسُم
ۡ
ٱل
١٤١
‖ It is He, Who produce gardens, with trellises and without, and dates, and tilth with
produce of all kinds, and olives and pomegranates, similar (in kind) and different (in
variety): eat of their fruit in their season, but render the dues that are proper on the day
that the harvest is gathered. But waste not by excess: for Allah loveth not the wasters
اَهُّي
َ
أََٰٓي
َ ُ
اسذٱنل
َ
وا
ُ ُ
ُك
اذِمم
َِ
ف
َ ِ
ۡرض
َ ۡ
ٱۡل
َ
ٗ
لَّٰ َ
لَح
َ
ِي َ
ط
اٗب
…
١٦٨
O men! eat of what is on earth lawful and good….
Al-Quran :
6. Why Halal is important?
• Halal products are become the new
benchmark for safety, hygiene and
quality assurance for Muslims and
non Muslims.
• The concept of halal goes beyond
the consumption.
• It is no longer purely religious issue
but encompasses business and
trade.
• By understanding what constitutes
halal, the consumers become
religious or halal-conscious.
• The manufacturers can adopt halal
regulations and halal quality
standards in producing halal
products and services.
Why certain foods are prohibited in Islam?
Anything allowed or forbidden in Islam has been scientifically proved
correct and non-Muslims also admit this fact. For example pork and
alcoholic beverages.
i. Pork (flesh of pig):
Scientific research found that pork can contribute to various diseases such
as Trichinosis or trichinellosis since pigs carry a variety of parasites in
their bodies and meat.
i. Alcoholic beverages:
In Islam, alcoholic beverages or any intoxicant are generally forbidden
because it not only turns people away from God and forget about prayer
but also can be the cause of liver failure, cardiovascular disease, cancer,
and anemia.
7. Meaning & Sources
HARAM :
1 • Something which is prohibited by Allah SWT. It is the
opposite of halal.
• Whoever Muslims committed with haram will be
regarded as sinful and punished either in the world of
hereafter.
“ He has only forbidden to you dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine and that
which has been dedicated to other than Allah. But whoever os forced (by
necessity), neither desiring (it) nor transgressing ( its limit) – then indeed, Allah is
forgiving and Merciful.”
Sources of Haram in Islam
• Dogs and pigs and their descendants
• halal food that is contaminated with things that are non-Halal;
• halal food that comes into direct contact with things that are non-Halal
• any liquid and objects discharged from the orifices of human beings or animals such as urine, blood, vomit, pus,
placenta and excrement, sperm and ova of pigs and dogs except sperm and ova of other animals;
• carrion or Halal animals that are not slaughtered according to Shariah law
• khamar and food or drink which contain or mixed with khamar
8. Cont’
• Blood that pours forth is prohibited for consumption. It
includes blood of permitted and non-permitted animal alike.
• Liquid blood is generally not offered for sale or consumed by
Muslims or non Muslims but products made with and from
blood are available.
• Products like blood sausage and ingredients like blood
albumin are haram and should be prohibited from product
formulations.
• The meat of pigs, boars, and swine is strictly
prohibited, as are the carnivorous animals such as
lions, tigers, cheetahs, cats, dogs, and wolves. Also
prohibited are birds of prey such as eagles, fal-
cons, osprey, kites, and vultures.
• The animals fed unclean or filthy feed; for example,
formulated with biosolids (sewage) or protein from
tankage, must be quarantined and placed on clean
feed for a period varying from 3 to 40 days before
slaughter to cleanse their systems.
9. HALAL FOOD
Halal food usually refers to food that is allowed to be
consumed by Muslims, as outlined in the Islamic law.
In perspective, every aspect of a Muslim‘s life
including his dietary requirements is regulated by the
Islamic law, which is based on the Quran, Hadith, Ijma
and Qiyas‘. Basically, the basic principle of a Muslim
diet is the food should be halal (permissible) and
Tayyiban (wholesome) as clearly stated in the Quran,
2:168.
Scope of halal products encompass various stage
which are from processing, packaging, storing,
transporting and cooking.
For example the production of halal poultry (e.g
chicken, meat), the halal starts from breeding,
slaughtering, stunning, packaging, transporting
and cooking.
Aims for this course:
Halal covers the aspects of slaughtering, storage, display,
preparation, hygiene and sanitation. It covers food as well as non-
food category of products.
Halal Food according to MS1500:2009
Does not contain any Najs according to Shariah Law
Does not contain any parts or products or parts of animals which are not slaughtered according to Shariah Law.
Safe for consumption, non poisonous, non- intoxicating or non- hazardous to health.
Not prepared, processed or manufactured using equipment contaminated with Najs according to Shariah Law
Does not contain any human parts or its derivatives that are not permitted by Shariah Law
During preparation, processing, handling, packaging, storage and distribution, the food must meet the requirements stated in items
above.
10. SLAUGHTERING OF ANIMAL
Muslim slaughter is an entity to the religion. The method of slaughtering is according to the Islamic Law. It is
different from other religion’s slaughtering method; it is not a ritual slaughtering and offerings to god. Halal
animals are slaughtered to express respects to them and to thank Allah for It's gifts in providing the animal as
clean and healthy food. The act of slaughtering must assure the animal suffer minimal pain as possible. All
forms of Islamic slaughtering must comply with the following regulations:
Slaughtering must be performed manually by Muslim of sound mind,
mature and he fully understands the fundamentals and conditions related
to slaughtering.
Animals to be slaughtered must be animals that are permitted (Halal) to be
eaten.
Live animals living in their habitat (Hayat Mustaqirrah). The animal must be
healthy and not in the state of stress.
The respiratory tract, esophagus (channel for taking in food) and jugular
vein must be severed, to assure maximum removal of blood and less
suffering to the animal, and
All slaughtering devices must be sharp and are not made of bones, nails
and teeth. The use of sharp and clean slaughtering devices is to assure that
the act of slaughtering is quick and not cruel to the animal and that the
animal experience minimal pain as possible
11. IS INSECT HALAL TO EAT?
عمر بن هللا عبد عن
-
عنهما هللا رضي
-
قال
:
هللا رسول قال
-
وسلم عليه هللا صلى
-
:
«
ِانَتَتْيَم لكم ْتَّل ِحُأ
،ِانَمَدَو
الميتتان فأما
:
ِانَمَّدال وأما ،ُوتُحْلوا ُداَرَجْلاَف
:
والطحال فالكبد
[
صحيح
].
-
[
وأحمد ماجه ابن رواه
].
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon
him) said: "Two kinds of dead meat and two kinds of blood have been made lawful for you. The two kinds of dead meat are
fish and locusts, and the two kinds of blood are the liver and spleen."
According to the above hadith, it is halal to eat liver and spleen although these two kinds based on blood. And it is also halal
to eat locust although it is an insect. Fish is halal although it is considered as dead meat (not slaughtered animal).
Locusts are grasshoppers, such as the migratory locust (Locust migrate), that have entered into a migratory phase of their
life.
12. Halal and Toyyiba
Halalan Thoyyiban merely means allowed and
permissible for consumption with relation to Shariah
law as long as they are safe and not harmful.
On the other hand is defined as “assurance and
guarantee that both aspects of halalan and toyyiban
are integrated into holistic and balanced requirements
that fulfil the condition, situation and application
needs”.
13. SOURCES OF HALAL IN ISLAM
Al-baqarah (2:173)
ِهُأ ٓاَم َو ِ
ير ِ
نز ِخۡٱل َم ۡ
حَل َو ََّمدٱل َو َةَتۡيَمۡٱل ُمُڪۡيَلَع َمَّرَح اَمَّنِإ
َغ َّرُط ۡٱض ِنَمَف ِۖ َّ
ٱَّلل ِ
رَۡيغِل ۦِهِب َّل
اغَب َرۡي
َّنِإ ِۚهۡيَلَع َمۡثِإ ٓ َ
َلَف ادَع َ
َل َو
يم ِحَّر ورُفَغ َ َّ
ٱَّلل
He has only forbidden you only carrion, and blood, and swineflesh, and that which hath been immolated to (the name of) any other than
Allah. But he who is driven by necessity, neither craving nor transgressing, it is no sin for him. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. (173)
Al-baqarah (2:168)
َت َ
َل َو اابِيَط اَلٰـَلَح ِ
ض ۡ
رَ ۡ
ٱۡل ىِف اَّمِم ْاوُلُك ُاسَّنٱل اَهُّيَأٰٓـَي
ۥ ُهَّنِإ ِۚنٰـَطۡيَّشٱل ِتٲ َوُطُخ ْاوُعِبَّت
ُدَع ۡمُكَل
ينِبُّم و
(
١٦٨
)
O mankind! Eat of that which is lawful and wholesome in the earth, and follow not the footsteps of the devil. Lo! he is an open enemy for you. (168)
Al-Maidah (5:1)
يِہَب مُكَل ۡ
تَّل ِحُأ ِۚدوُقُعۡٱلِب ْاوُف ۡ
وَأ ْا ٓوُنَماَء َِينذَّٱل اَهُّيَأٰٓـَي
ُكۡيَلَع ٰ
ىَلۡتُي اَم َّ
َلِإ ِمٰـَعۡنَ ۡ
ٱۡل ُةَم
ِحُم َرَۡيغ ۡم
َ َّ
ٱَّلل َّنِإ ۗمُرُح ۡمُتنَأ َو ِدۡيَّصٱل ىِل
ُدي ِرُي اَم ُمُك ۡ
حَي
(
١
)
O ye who believe! Fulfil your undertakings. The beast of cattle is made lawful unto you (for food) except that which is announced unto
you (herein), game being unlawful when ye are on the pilgrimage. Lo! Allah ordaineth that which pleaseth Him. (1)
SOURCES OF HARAM
ِطٰـَيَّشٱل َّنِإ َو ۗقۡسِفَل ۥ ُهَّنِإ َو ِهۡيَلَع ِ َّ
ٱَّلل ُمۡٱس ِرَكۡذُي ۡمَل اَّمِم ْاوُلُڪۡأَت َ
َل َو
ٰٓ
ىَلِإ َونُحوُيَل َين
ُتۡعَطَأ ۡ
نِإ َو ۖ ۡمُكوُلِدٰـَجُيِل ۡمِهِٕٮٓاَيِل ۡ
وَأ
َونُك ِرۡشُمَل ۡمُكَّنِإ ۡمُهوُم
(
١٢١
)
And eat not of that whereon Allah's name hath not been mentioned, for lo! it is abomination. Lo! the devils do inspire their minions to dispute with you. But if ye obey them, ye
will be in truth idolaters. (121)
14. All land animals are ha/al as food except the following:
animals that are not slaughtered according to Shariah law;
najs a/-mughallazah animal, i.e. pigs and dogs their descendants;
animals with long pointed teeth or tusks which are used to kill prey
such as tigers, bears, elephants, cats, monkeys, etc.;
predator birds such as eagles, owls and etc.;
pests and/or poisonous animals such as rats, cockroaches,
centipedes, scorpions, snakes, wasps and other similar animals;
animals that are forbidden to be killed in Islam such as bees (a/-
nahlah), woodpeckers (hud-hud), etc.;
creatures that are considered repulsive such as lice, flies, etc.;
farmed ha/al animals which are intentionally and continually fed
with najs; and
other animals forbidden to be eaten in accordance to Shariah law
such as donkeys and mules
• Aquatic animals are those which live in water and cannot survive
outside it, such as fish, All aquatic animals are ha/al except those that
are poisonous, intoxicating or hazardous to health. Animals that live
both on land and water such as crocodiles, turtles and frogs are not
halal.
• Aquatic animals which live in najs or intentionally and/or continually fed
with najs are not halal.
AQUATIC ANIMAL / SEAFOOD
LAND
ANIMAL
HALAL FOOD FROM ANIMAL ORIGIN
15. Many people choosing plant-based lifestyle to fit their daily intake for several reasons
including health-concerns and protecting the environment. Plants are extremely
complex and diverse, and there are millions of different plant species.
Parts of plants we use for food include:
1.Fruits- apple, grape, banana, etc.
2.Leaves and stems – celery, lettuce, silver beet
3.Roots – potatoes, carrots, beetroot, cassava, radish, parsnip
4.Seeds – wheat, rice, legumes, ground nuts (peanuts), tree nuts (walnuts, almonds).
Foods from plants are packed with many nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Dietary fibre is found only in plants.
All types of plants and plant products and their derivatives are halal except those that are poisonous, intoxicating or hazardous to
health.
HALAL FOOD FROM PLANT ORIGIN
16. Beverages
All kind of drink and beverages are halal except those that are poisonous, intoxicating or hazardous
to health. One type of intoxicating beverage is khamar.
Khamar (alcohol): The Arabic term used for alcohol in the Al – Quran is khamr. It
means “ that which has been fermented” and applies not only to alcoholic beverages like
wine, beer, whiskey and brandy but has been taken to imply all things that intoxicate or affect
one’s thought process.
Due to there is no clear regulations about the added alcohol in beverages like soft drinks, small
amounts of alcohol (below 0.1%) contributed from fermentation processed may considered as halal
for example Tapai, vinegar and malt drink.
Biological item
All types of micro-organisms (i.e. bacteria, algae/seaweed and fungi) and their byproducts and/or
derivatives are halal except those that are poisonous, intoxicating or hazardous to health.
Genetically modified food
(GMO)
Food and drinks containing products and/or by-products of Genetically modified organisms (GMO)
or ingredients made by the use of genetic material of animals that are non-halal by Shariah law are
not halal.
Natural minerals and chemicals
All natural minerals and chemicals are halal except those that are poisonous, intoxicating or
hazardous to health
ISSUES RELATED TO HALAL FOODS
