ISES 2013 - Day 2 - Torstein Indrebø (Secretary General, International Gas Union) - Energy on New Frontiers

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The shale gas revolution is changing global energy markets. Shale gas and other unconventional gas resources can provide energy for over 250 years. Natural gas is a secure, clean, and competitive fuel that is well-suited to meet growing energy demand while addressing environmental concerns. As a flexible, affordable source of electricity, natural gas can enable increased adoption of variable renewable resources like wind and solar. When used for transportation and power generation, natural gas emits fewer emissions than coal and oil. With continued technology advances, natural gas can help ensure sustainable economic growth and development through reliable energy access.

Technology Business

The Shale Gas Revolution
– changing global energy markets
Torstein Indrebø
Secretary General of IGU
International Student Energy Summit,
Trondheim, Norway June 13-15, 2013

IGU represents more than 95 %
of the global gas market
www.igu.org
81 Charter members
40 Associate members
IGU membersFounded in 1931
* Status as per March 2013
2

The world needs:
Secure, clean and competitive energy
Safe energy
The global energy future
Drivers:
Rising population & middle class
Economic development and job creation
Public health: urban air quality
Environmental concerns
3
Balanced and robust solutions required

Energy access – the key to development
Some facts:
1.4 bn people without access to
electricitiy
2.5 bn people use traditional
biomass for cooking & heating
Need for:
Electricity – no blackouts
Better indoor air quality
Faster economic development &
more jobs
Accelerate transfer of
competence

Growing energy demand –
need for all energy sources available
Source: IEA, The Golden Age of Gas,
2011 (the GAS scenario)
5
• Oil and coal decling in the long run whereas gas and renewables are
increasing

Technology – driving supplies
Volume
Proven conventional
Unconventional
Gas resources for more than 250 years (IEA)
Shale gas
Coal bed
methane
Tight gas
Unconventional gas – abundant resources
6

$The production process 7 • Site development and preparation • Vertical drilling • Horizontally drilling • Hydraulic fracturing • Recycling of wastewater • Well completion and operation Source: Total$

17th Uzbekistan International Oil & Gas
Exhibition, 14- 16 May 2013, Tashknet
(Uzbekistan)
8

17th Uzbekistan International Oil & Gas
Exhibition, 14- 16 May 2013, Tashknet
(Uzbekistan)
9

World gas resources –
Conventional (green) & unconventional (red)
10

US Oil and Gas Production (IEA)
1108/04/13

World Natural Gas Prices
$US/MMbtu
Source: World Bank
12

World loves electricity!
Source: ExxonMobil
Global increase by 2035 more than 50%

Natural gas in the power sector
....clean-burning and affordable
NOx and SOx content by fuel
Carbon dioxide emitted during
electricity generation by fuel

Clean support for
variable renewables
Natural Gas - Wind - Solar
Natural gas enables renewable energy
An ideal combination

Natural gas for transportation
Less
•Particles/soot
•Noise
•CO2
•NOx - smog
Fleets
Gas price lower than oil price
Maritime

Natural gas provides sustainable growth
Economic development and job creation
Build on existing energy infrastructure
Gas industry contributes to
public finances

Adaptability of natural gas
Gas-fired generation technology directions:
Capture carbon through retrofit technology
Partnership with renewables
Greater inclusion of carbon-neutral biogas
Gas pipeline and storage systems provide
future options for:
CO2, Biogas, Hydrogen

The Pathway towards a sustainable future
Meeting future global energy needs – whilst addressing air quality
and climate change concerns
Global Emissions Trajectory Base Case

Vision Pathway highlights various CO2
abatement options and technology choices
Calculation for 2050
Emissions-level
based on
IGU pathway

Creating Trust for Gas
Image of Gas
GHG Emissions Spectrum
Fossil
Fuels
Oil Coal
Clean Energy
Recognition by policymakers
National, EU, G20, UN
Dialogue with climate NGOs
Licence to operate

A robust and sustainable energy policy
• Energy efficiency & savings
• Enhance use of gas in
power generation and transportation
• Phase in renewable energy
• Develop Carbon Capture and Storage technology
Gas: The fuel of today and tomorrow!

www.IGU.org
Thank you for your attention!

New discoveries have cleared a path to stopping climate change. Energy researchers now know of technologies that could expand energy abundance while reducing carbon release, such as a system that extracts carbon from fossil fuel plant exhaust using a non-thermal plasma field. This breakthrough technology uses only 5% of the plant's power to drive the carbon extraction process. If retrofitted globally, it could give the world a chance to reduce carbon release while still using coal in places like India and China. The future of energy is bright, and carbon can be reduced using these technologies to halt climate change and benefit future generations.

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This document analyzes data on global electricity production by source from 1965 to 2018. It finds that around the world over 230 terawatt-hours of electricity was produced from coal, but less than 10 terawatt-hours was produced from wind, solar, and other renewables. Developing countries rely more heavily on sources like hydro and coal, producing over 50% of their electricity from these, while Europe and North America produce around 20% from nuclear power. Asia specifically relies on fossil fuels for over 50% of its electricity production. The trend is for renewable energy sources to increase their contribution to the global energy mix in recent years.

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This document proposes a solution to generate clean energy from municipal solid waste and biomass. It discusses the problems of increasing energy needs, climate change, and waste accumulation. The proposed solution involves collecting solid waste and biomass, gasifying it through a process that converts it into syngas, and then converting the syngas into various types of energy like electricity. If implemented, this solution could help address energy and waste issues while reducing greenhouse gas emissions through the use of renewable resources.

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Professor Sir David King at the Bristol Festival Of Ideas

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Four major shifts are occurring in global energy: 1) the US is becoming the top oil and gas producer, 2) solar PV is becoming the lowest-cost new electricity source in many countries, 3) China is prioritizing environmental goals like improving air quality, and 4) electrification is growing due to technologies like EVs, cooling, and digitization. China's policies to improve air quality will significantly reduce coal use and shift its energy mix while also slowing energy demand growth. China is also becoming a leader in clean energy technologies and will play a larger role in global gas markets.

This document discusses natural gas, including its uses, top consuming states, and advantages over coal for power generation. It also summarizes the differences between conventional and unconventional natural gas sources like shale gas, where gas is primarily located in the US, and technologies like fracking that have increased shale gas production. While this has economic and security benefits, fracking raises environmental concerns. The document concludes that increased global natural gas production depends on factors like environmental regulations, climate policy, fuel prices, and production costs.

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The document discusses global energy use and carbon emissions. It notes that the current energy system is heavily reliant on fossil fuels, producing over 30 billion tonnes of CO2 emissions annually. While renewable energy is growing, it still accounts for a tiny fraction of global electricity generation compared to coal, gas and oil. The document argues that a major transition is needed to limit global warming, through improving energy efficiency, expanding renewables and nuclear power, electrifying transport, and developing carbon capture and storage. However, large-scale changes will take time due to infrastructure lifetimes and the gradual pace of technological adoption. Scenarios projecting pathways to lower emissions by 2050 involve coordinated international efforts to gradually transform energy systems over decades.

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Coal is produced in 27 US states, with the top producers being Wyoming, Illinois, Texas, West Virginia, and Kentucky. While coal is efficient and cheap, it also has disadvantages like CO2 emissions, damage to natural habitats from mining, and health risks from mining. There is controversy around coal as many companies tout clean coal technology but do not invest in actually implementing carbon capture and storage solutions. More research into alternative energies and investment in carbon capture is needed to balance coal's advantages with its environmental and health impacts.

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This document discusses ways to reduce carbon emissions through low carbon technologies. It identifies transportation and power plants as major sources of greenhouse gas emissions and proposes solutions like electric vehicles, hydroelectricity, wind turbines and solar panels. The UK government policy aims for all cars and vans to be zero emissions by 2050, and over 20,000 ultra-low emission vehicles were sold in the UK in the first nine months of the year. The US has also increased renewable energy from wind, which was the fastest growing new energy source in 2008.

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Climate change and energy production have a close relationship, as climate change affects energy production and energy production contributes to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions. The document discusses how Pakistan's energy sector is vulnerable to climate change impacts like decreased hydropower generation due to less water availability. It recommends that Pakistan increase use of renewable energy sources like solar and wind, adopt newer less-emitting technologies, and improve energy efficiency to mitigate climate change impacts on its energy sector.

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- Coal currently produces 62% of the world's electricity and is the most abundant fossil fuel, with enough reserves to last 200 years. However, coal also has significant disadvantages, including dangerous mining practices, major carbon emissions contributing to climate change, and air pollution from transporting and burning coal. - The top five countries by coal reserves are the United States, Russia, China, Australia, and India. Under the New Policies Scenario, global coal demand is projected to grow slowly by 0.4% per year on average to 2040 due to policies supporting renewable energy. China's coal imports are expected to decline over 50% by 2040 as its demand shifts.

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Steel is one of the most sustainable materials due to its abundance, low cost, ease of use, endless recyclability, and ability to support infrastructure and standards of living. It accounts for around 20% of man-made emissions linked to materials but has a life cycle carbon footprint of less than 1 ton of CO2 per ton of steel when recycling is included. ArcelorMittal's strategy focuses on developing new low-carbon products, improving recycling efficiency, and exploring ways to capture and reuse carbon from the steelmaking process such as producing transportation fuels, green plastics, and carbonated minerals.

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This document discusses eradicating the coal industry. It argues that while coal fueled industrialization and economic growth, it has significant environmental costs like carbon dioxide emissions contributing to climate change. The document outlines challenges to eradicating coal like political influence of the coal industry but provides recommendations. It suggests policymakers implement emissions limits and renewable incentives, businesses transition to renewable energy and lobby for change, and citizens vote for stricter policies and support non-coal companies. Overall the document makes the case that coal must be phased out to address health, environmental and economic impacts of its continued large-scale use.

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This document discusses policies and challenges related to reducing greenhouse gas emissions on a global scale. It notes that while the link between emissions and global warming is established, the timing and location of impacts remain uncertain. Transitioning away from fossil fuels is difficult as infrastructure built around cheap fossil fuels takes decades to replace. Managing emissions from developing countries will also be important as populations and energy usage grow. Technologies exist to reduce emissions but require long-term planning and global political cooperation to implement gradually through infrastructure replacement.

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The document discusses transitioning to a new energy system backbone in Northwest Europe. It summarizes that current energy systems rely heavily on fossil fuels like coal and natural gas, but renewable resources like solar and wind are growing. It also notes uncertainties around managing variability from renewables as coal and nuclear capacity closes. The role of natural gas in providing flexibility is discussed. Finally, it outlines how hydrogen could play an increasing role in the future, transitioning from grey hydrogen today to blue hydrogen using carbon capture and eventually green hydrogen from renewable electricity.

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