Large scale topological optimisation: aircraft engine pylon caseAltair
An engine pylon holds the engine to the wing and ensures multiple others functions: aerodynamics, structure and systems. Moreover, it is designed to prevent a fire in the engine area from spreading to the wing. These multi-functions make the global pylon architecture design highly complex. Existing designs reach their limits regarding the aircraft performance requirements, with ever more powerful, bigger and hotter engines. Thus, the technological breakthrough becomes necessary to achieve better performance.
In the present work, we propose a new concept based on Additive Layer Manufacturing (ALM) process which eliminates many conventional constraints from the manufacturing process and can produce complex, precisely designed shapes.
Topological optimization, using ALTAIR’s finite element analysis software, is realized by integrating systems elements, fluid pipes mainly, to structural parts. Thus, these elements become structural unlike the existing design.
One objective of this work is to demonstrate the numerical feasibility of topology optimisation of large-size (5 m long, 0.83 m width and 1.19 m in height) and highly complex architecture design of an aeronautical structure.
The results show that a significant mass saving, more than 20%, can be achieved even with heavily constrained structure in terms of stresses, dimensions, interfaces, systems, etc. Furthermore, this study highlights benefits in the parts number which dropped by 97%.
Note that the existing engine pylon is made mostly of Titanium and Steel materials but for the topology optimisation a single material, Inconel 718, was chosen due to its best thermal and mechanical properties.
In order to ensure aerodynamic function, obtained organic shape structure is covered by custom-made cowls.
1/8 scale model is 3D printed by INITIAL company, using plastic material, can be exposed during the Altair Technology Conference.
Speakers
Abdelkader Salim, Innovation Engineer, SOGECLAIR Aerospace
Large scale topological optimisation: aircraft engine pylon caseAltair
An engine pylon holds the engine to the wing and ensures multiple others functions: aerodynamics, structure and systems. Moreover, it is designed to prevent a fire in the engine area from spreading to the wing. These multi-functions make the global pylon architecture design highly complex. Existing designs reach their limits regarding the aircraft performance requirements, with ever more powerful, bigger and hotter engines. Thus, the technological breakthrough becomes necessary to achieve better performance.
In the present work, we propose a new concept based on Additive Layer Manufacturing (ALM) process which eliminates many conventional constraints from the manufacturing process and can produce complex, precisely designed shapes.
Topological optimization, using ALTAIR’s finite element analysis software, is realized by integrating systems elements, fluid pipes mainly, to structural parts. Thus, these elements become structural unlike the existing design.
One objective of this work is to demonstrate the numerical feasibility of topology optimisation of large-size (5 m long, 0.83 m width and 1.19 m in height) and highly complex architecture design of an aeronautical structure.
The results show that a significant mass saving, more than 20%, can be achieved even with heavily constrained structure in terms of stresses, dimensions, interfaces, systems, etc. Furthermore, this study highlights benefits in the parts number which dropped by 97%.
Note that the existing engine pylon is made mostly of Titanium and Steel materials but for the topology optimisation a single material, Inconel 718, was chosen due to its best thermal and mechanical properties.
In order to ensure aerodynamic function, obtained organic shape structure is covered by custom-made cowls.
1/8 scale model is 3D printed by INITIAL company, using plastic material, can be exposed during the Altair Technology Conference.
Speakers
Abdelkader Salim, Innovation Engineer, SOGECLAIR Aerospace
CFD Simulation for Flow over Passenger Car Using Tail Plates for Aerodynamic ...IOSR Journals
This work proposes an effective numerical model based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics
(CFD) approach to obtain the flow structure around a passenger car with Tail Plates. The experimental work of
the test vehicle and grid system is constructed by ANSYS-14.0. FLUENT which is the CFD solver & employed in
the present work. In this study, numerical iterations are completed, then after aerodynamic data and detailed
complicated flow structure are visualized.
In the present work, model of generic passenger car has been developed in solid works-10 and
generated the wind tunnel and applied the boundary conditions in ANSYS workbench 14.0 platform then after
testing and simulation has been performed for the evaluation of drag coefficient for passenger car. In another
case, the aerodynamics of the most suitable design of tail plate is introduced and analysedfor the evaluation of
drag coefficient for passenger car. The addition of tail plates results in a reduction of the drag-coefficient
3.87% and lift coefficient 16.62% in head-on wind. Rounding the edges partially reduces drag in head-on wind
but does not bring about the significant improvements in the aerodynamic efficiency of the passenger car with
tail plates, it can be obtained. Hence, the drag force can be reduced by using add on devices on vehicle and fuel
economy, stability of a passenger car can be improved.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development IJERD Editor
• Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
• Information Engineering and Technology,
• Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
• Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
• Material and Chemical Engineering,
• Civil and Architecture Engineering,
• Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
• Environmental Engineering,
• Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
• Marine and Agriculture engineering,
• Aerospace Engineering.
A SIMULATE MODEL FOR ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF ENGINE DESIGN PARAMETERS ON THE ...Barhm Mohamad
A mathematical and simulation model has been developed to simulate a spark ignition engine
operation cycle. The programme written from this simulation model and modified so can be used to
assist in the design of a spark ignition engine for alternative fuels as well as to study many design
parameters such as the effect of engine design parameter like stroke and diameter of the cylinder on
the performance and exhaust emissions of spark ignition engines
Manufacturing of rapid prototypes of mechanical parts using reverse engineeri...Barhm Mohamad
This article focuses on the design and manufacture of mechanical parts that have complicated shapes using the technique of reverse design using a scanner or an MMT for data acquisition in the form of a point cloud, using CAD software (CATIA). The digital model created is used for a virtual representation of the final product. Then we get the physical model on a 3D printer (also called additive manufacturing process) for later use in sand moulds. To have the imprint in the sand mould, we go through the fusion of the physical model (part). The use of this technique in the industry, allows us to save a lot of time in terms of model preparation and simple to implement, especially if it is mechanical parts that do not have a definition drawing, or they are worn out, then structural analysis was applied on the model using FE based software and tools to prove the quality of the product. Von Mises equivalent strains and stresses were predicted and decreased with increasing areas and honeycomb thickness. The objective of this article is to give an overview of this relatively modern technology and its various applications.
Aerodynamic Drag Reduction for A Generic Sport Utility Vehicle Using Rear Suc...IJERA Editor
The high demand for new and improved aerodynamic drag reduction devices has led to the invention of flow control mechanisms and continuous suction is a promising strategy that does not have major impact on vehicle geometry. The implementation of this technique on sport utility vehicles (SUV) requires adequate choice of the size and location of the opening as well as the magnitude of the boundary suction velocity. In this paper we introduce a new methodology to identifying these parameters for maximum reduction in aerodynamic drag. The technique combines automatic modeling of the suction slit, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and a global search method using orthogonal arrays. It is shown that a properly designed suction mechanism can reduce drag by up to 9%.
Due to recurrent lack of on time delivery of Drilling grid (made of a 2cm thick aluminium pad), 3D printing can potentially propose an alternative enlightened solution in 3D printing (topology optimization).
Speakers
Sébastien Haudrechy, Engineer, Airbus Group Aerospace
Exploring the capabilities of the tight integration of HyperWorks and ESACompAltair
More than 3 years ago RUAG Space started to look into ways how the very powerful meshing and post-processing capabilities of Altair HyperWorks could be combined with the advanced composite failure analysis methods provided by the ESAComp software from Componeering. RUAG’s vision behind this idea was to streamline the time consuming composite analysis process by a tight integration of the two pieces of software, thus eliminating as much as possible unnecessary breaks in the data flow. Both Altair and Componeering carefully listened to RUAG’s needs and eventually it was decided to make a common effort in providing step by step the requested functionality. The initially slow process accelerated considerably when Componeering joined the Altair Partner Alliance in 2012. Today the bi-directional interface between HyperWorks and ESAComp is considered mature enough to be challenged by a demanding real world use case: the dimensioning and verification of the load carrying structure of the MetOp-SG satellite (Meteorological Operational Satellite - Second Generation). The presentation will focus on how HyperWorks and ESAComp were used to set up the finite element model, to run the quasi-static and dynamic load cases and to evaluate the results. It will be shown in which way HyperWorks and ESAComp can support the process, what the benefits of a tight integration are and which limitations still exist.
Speakers
Ralf Usinger, Product Lead Engineer Satellite Structures, RUAG Schweiz AG
Did you know that most motorcycle's can average between 35-40 miles per gallon? Learn how to increase your fuel efficiency by using the following tips. Tell me your tip on how you increase your gas mileage.
CFD Simulation for Flow over Passenger Car Using Tail Plates for Aerodynamic ...IOSR Journals
This work proposes an effective numerical model based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics
(CFD) approach to obtain the flow structure around a passenger car with Tail Plates. The experimental work of
the test vehicle and grid system is constructed by ANSYS-14.0. FLUENT which is the CFD solver & employed in
the present work. In this study, numerical iterations are completed, then after aerodynamic data and detailed
complicated flow structure are visualized.
In the present work, model of generic passenger car has been developed in solid works-10 and
generated the wind tunnel and applied the boundary conditions in ANSYS workbench 14.0 platform then after
testing and simulation has been performed for the evaluation of drag coefficient for passenger car. In another
case, the aerodynamics of the most suitable design of tail plate is introduced and analysedfor the evaluation of
drag coefficient for passenger car. The addition of tail plates results in a reduction of the drag-coefficient
3.87% and lift coefficient 16.62% in head-on wind. Rounding the edges partially reduces drag in head-on wind
but does not bring about the significant improvements in the aerodynamic efficiency of the passenger car with
tail plates, it can be obtained. Hence, the drag force can be reduced by using add on devices on vehicle and fuel
economy, stability of a passenger car can be improved.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development IJERD Editor
• Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
• Information Engineering and Technology,
• Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
• Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
• Material and Chemical Engineering,
• Civil and Architecture Engineering,
• Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
• Environmental Engineering,
• Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
• Marine and Agriculture engineering,
• Aerospace Engineering.
A SIMULATE MODEL FOR ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF ENGINE DESIGN PARAMETERS ON THE ...Barhm Mohamad
A mathematical and simulation model has been developed to simulate a spark ignition engine
operation cycle. The programme written from this simulation model and modified so can be used to
assist in the design of a spark ignition engine for alternative fuels as well as to study many design
parameters such as the effect of engine design parameter like stroke and diameter of the cylinder on
the performance and exhaust emissions of spark ignition engines
Manufacturing of rapid prototypes of mechanical parts using reverse engineeri...Barhm Mohamad
This article focuses on the design and manufacture of mechanical parts that have complicated shapes using the technique of reverse design using a scanner or an MMT for data acquisition in the form of a point cloud, using CAD software (CATIA). The digital model created is used for a virtual representation of the final product. Then we get the physical model on a 3D printer (also called additive manufacturing process) for later use in sand moulds. To have the imprint in the sand mould, we go through the fusion of the physical model (part). The use of this technique in the industry, allows us to save a lot of time in terms of model preparation and simple to implement, especially if it is mechanical parts that do not have a definition drawing, or they are worn out, then structural analysis was applied on the model using FE based software and tools to prove the quality of the product. Von Mises equivalent strains and stresses were predicted and decreased with increasing areas and honeycomb thickness. The objective of this article is to give an overview of this relatively modern technology and its various applications.
Aerodynamic Drag Reduction for A Generic Sport Utility Vehicle Using Rear Suc...IJERA Editor
The high demand for new and improved aerodynamic drag reduction devices has led to the invention of flow control mechanisms and continuous suction is a promising strategy that does not have major impact on vehicle geometry. The implementation of this technique on sport utility vehicles (SUV) requires adequate choice of the size and location of the opening as well as the magnitude of the boundary suction velocity. In this paper we introduce a new methodology to identifying these parameters for maximum reduction in aerodynamic drag. The technique combines automatic modeling of the suction slit, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and a global search method using orthogonal arrays. It is shown that a properly designed suction mechanism can reduce drag by up to 9%.
Due to recurrent lack of on time delivery of Drilling grid (made of a 2cm thick aluminium pad), 3D printing can potentially propose an alternative enlightened solution in 3D printing (topology optimization).
Speakers
Sébastien Haudrechy, Engineer, Airbus Group Aerospace
Exploring the capabilities of the tight integration of HyperWorks and ESACompAltair
More than 3 years ago RUAG Space started to look into ways how the very powerful meshing and post-processing capabilities of Altair HyperWorks could be combined with the advanced composite failure analysis methods provided by the ESAComp software from Componeering. RUAG’s vision behind this idea was to streamline the time consuming composite analysis process by a tight integration of the two pieces of software, thus eliminating as much as possible unnecessary breaks in the data flow. Both Altair and Componeering carefully listened to RUAG’s needs and eventually it was decided to make a common effort in providing step by step the requested functionality. The initially slow process accelerated considerably when Componeering joined the Altair Partner Alliance in 2012. Today the bi-directional interface between HyperWorks and ESAComp is considered mature enough to be challenged by a demanding real world use case: the dimensioning and verification of the load carrying structure of the MetOp-SG satellite (Meteorological Operational Satellite - Second Generation). The presentation will focus on how HyperWorks and ESAComp were used to set up the finite element model, to run the quasi-static and dynamic load cases and to evaluate the results. It will be shown in which way HyperWorks and ESAComp can support the process, what the benefits of a tight integration are and which limitations still exist.
Speakers
Ralf Usinger, Product Lead Engineer Satellite Structures, RUAG Schweiz AG
Did you know that most motorcycle's can average between 35-40 miles per gallon? Learn how to increase your fuel efficiency by using the following tips. Tell me your tip on how you increase your gas mileage.
presentation aims at to highlight the importance of each element of communication that leads to build the confidence of the consumer to become your customer.it must be understood by marketer that each element is important but, when in synergy you create effectiveness.
NTGAS high performance burners, gas burners 27kW, gas burners 10kW, integrated burners, steel structures with burners, cabinets with burners, measure made burners
Herkömmliche Wikis haben aus Sicht des Wissensmanagements Schwächen. Semantic MediaWiki eignet sich als Wissensmanagement-System, soferne es nicht in erster Linie um die Verwaltung von Doikumenten, sondern den Inhalten geht.
Organizations successfully leveraging social media are seeing benefits for sales, marketing, and customer service. Yet most organizations are struggling to define a business strategy that makes the most of these opportunities. This storyboard will help you:
* Identify achievable social media opportunities
* Evaluate the risks of social media versus the benefits
* Understand IT’s role in the deployment and maintenance of a social media project
Social media continues to grow at a breakneck pace, and businesses need to get on board or they will be left behind. This storyboard, complete with real-world case studies of social media at work, will help you build a foundation for the successful integration of social media into your CRM strategy.
Virtual simulations can handle more and more areas in vehicle development with better quality resulting in an strongly increasing demand for virtual simulation to complement or replace costly and time consuming physical simulations. The need for high performance computing (HPC) cycles necessary to perform these simulations grows accordingly resulting in requirements in computing power, electricity, cooling and floor space that have to be met. This talk will give an overview about our approaches to handle these demands in terms of architecture, co-location and cloud solutions.
It‘s Math That Drives Things – Simulink as Simulation and Modeling EnvironmentJoachim Schlosser
You can benefit from Simulink, the software that Engineers love for doing their work
Engineers in industries like Aerospace, Automotive, Energy production, Industrial Machinery, Automation, Railway and many others use Model-Based Design with Simulink for an increasing amount of their applications. Simulink allows you to…
gain knowledge about the dynamics of your system and have a direct path to implementation
use the modeling language that most engineers speak.
Math underpins all Systems. Simulink is Math made real.
Whatever domain your system incorporates: It is likely that mathematics plays a part of it. For example, Simulink covers domains like:
Continuous time, Discrete time, Discrete event
State machine, Physical models, Text based algorithms
System environment, Digital hardware, Analog/RF hardware
Embedded software, Mechanical systems
MATLAB & Simulink provide a unified environment for all.
Functional testing those systems uses simulation and formal methods.
Begin to use Simulink for engineering mechatronic systems now.
Find ways to look at the system you could not do before, and save time in your development
Simulink is industry standard for engineering controls, signal processing.
Ask someone who already uses Simulink
Get a deeper insight on mathworks.com/model-based-design/
During conference, reach me at Twitter @schlosi
From weather and climate to seismic imaging to aeronautics, OpenACC sessions featured at GTC20 are helping to facilitate discussions, educate attendees and encourage networking and collaboration.
Sessions cover a broad range of topics, the “Meet the Experts” session enabled one-on-one deep dives into using OpenACC to solve specific challenges, posters highlight how OpenACC is being applied to current science applications, and the on-demand tutorial delivers hands-on skills building.
Training and tuning models with lengthy training cycles like those in deep learning can be extremely expensive and may sometimes involve techniques that degrade performance. We'll explore recent research on optimization strategies to efficiently tune these types of deep learning models. We will provide benchmarks and comparisons to other popular methods for optimizing the models, and we'll recommend valuable areas for further applied research.
ADVANCED TOOL FOR FLUID DYNAMICS-CFD AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN AUTOMOTIVE, AERO...IAEME Publication
Today Automotive, Aerospace and Machine industry is striving for better Efficiency and Design. Advanced tools like Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) may be used for improving the fuel efficiency of these and hence controlling the atmospheric air pollution. In this paper, CFD analysis software is used a) to study fluid flow and detect the cavitation in centrifugal pump to find out safe operating conditions b) to find out effect of front shape to improve drag coefficient of a car. The results of the simulation shows, how CFD can be used to study flow distribution, pressure loss, thermal distribution (cooling and climate control) in the field of Automotive, Aerospace and Machine industries.
Arup Driving Data Centre Efficiency Through Virtual Reality (Web Version)Stuart Hall
Virtual Reality is used extensively in Data Centre design, but why not during operation? A presentation providing food for thought on this fascinating topic.
Cloud-based dynamic distributed optimisation of integrated process planning a...Piotr Dziurzanski
A presentation of the paper developed in the SAFIRE project titled "Cloud-based dynamic distributed optimisation of integrated process planning and scheduling in smart factories", delivered at the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO) at Prague, The Czech Republic in July 2019.
Performance modeling and simulation for accumulo applicationsAccumulo Summit
Apache Accumulo is known for being a high performance sorted key/value database, but achieving high performance in your application still requires good development practices. Often, developers will extrapolate from small-scale tests to argue that the application will perform well at higher scales. Unfortunately, design and implementation flaws that aren't visible at small scale inevitably show up in production at a much higher cost to fix.
Sqrrl is an application built on Accumulo that leverages log storage, indexing, graphs, and statistics modeling while supporting high throughput ingest and distributed analytic processing. At Sqrrl, we ensure reliable performance using a variety of modeling and simulation techniques. This talk will show examples of insights and performance improvements gained from micro-benchmarking, analog simulation, and predictive model validation.
– Speaker –
Adam Fuchs
CTO, Sqrrl
Adam Fuchs is one of the original developers and architects of Apache Accumulo. He is now the chief technology officer for Sqrrl, leveraging the techniques and design patterns learned from a long career in data processing at the National Security Agency to build a cybersecurity threat hunting platform. Adam got his undergraduate degree in computer science at the University of Washington and attended graduate school at the University of Maryland, College Park. He now lives in Seattle with his wife and two kids, where he enjoys running up mountains in his spare time.
— More Information —
For more information see http://www.accumulosummit.com/
Similar to ISC-2007-HPC-in-Aerodynamics-at-BMW-Norbert-Gruen (20)
Performance modeling and simulation for accumulo applications
ISC-2007-HPC-in-Aerodynamics-at-BMW-Norbert-Gruen
1. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 1
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Outline
Aerodynamic
Process
Simulation
Process
Validation
Examples
Application
Examples
Conclusion
Efficient
Dynamics
HPC in Car and Motorcycle
Aerodynamics at BMW.
HPC in Car and Motorcycle
Aerodynamics at BMW.
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Dr. Norbert Grün
Aerodynamics
Simulation
2. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 2
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Outline.
Aerodynamic Development.
Simulation Process.
Hardware Resources.
Various Applications.
Conclusion.
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
3. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 3
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Questions & Tools in Aerodynamic Development.
(Pre) Initial Phase Concept Phase Serial Development
Level of Detail
Tool
Question
Model
Simplified
Underhood
Simplified
Underhood
If necessary, details
from predecessor
If necessary, details
from predecessor
Fully detailedFully detailed
Simulation (CFD = Computational Fluid Dynamics)Simulation (CFD = Computational Fluid Dynamics)
Wind TunnelWind Tunnel
Road TestRoad Test
Integral Forces and MomentsIntegral Forces and Moments
Thermal ManagementThermal Management
Soiling, Snow DepositionSoiling, Snow Deposition
Dynamic Properties (Unsteady Aerodynamics)Dynamic Properties (Unsteady Aerodynamics)
VirtualVirtual
1:2.51:2.5 1:11:1
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
4. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 4
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) Method.
PowerFLOW™ Key Features
Lattice-Boltzmann Method
(Release 3.x with 34 States, 4.x using 19 states)
Transient simulation.
Low Re-#: Direct simulation without model assumptions.
High Re-#: VLES (Very Large Eddy Simulation) in the fluid.
Boundary Layer modeled by an extended log-law
(accounting for local pressure gradients).
No manual meshing required: Automatic volume discretization
using cubic cells (lattice) of different size (variable resolution).
Automatic decomposition for parallel processing.
Stable solutions.
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
5. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 5
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Simulation Process (PowerFLOW).
Geometry Group
Aerodynamics Group
Simulation
PowerFLOW
≈ 1 Day
Simulation
PowerFLOW
≈ 1 Day
Postprocessing
PowerVIZ
Postprocessing
PowerVIZ
ResultResult
Shape Modification
of CAD/CAS Data
Shape Modification
of CAD/CAS Data
Morphing of the
Surface Mesh
(PowerCLAY)
Morphing of the
Surface Mesh
(PowerCLAY)
Turnaround
2-14 Days
Turnaround
2-14 Days
CAD Model
CATIA/PRISMA
CAD Model
CATIA/PRISMA
U-Hood/U-BodyU-Hood/U-Body
CAS Model
ALIAS
CAS Model
ALIAS
Clay Model
POLYWORKS
Clay Model
POLYWORKS
Styling ExteriorStyling Exterior
Simulation Model
(Surface Facetization)
ANSA, PolyWorks, PowerWRAP, ...
1- 10 Days
Simulation Model
(Surface Facetization)
ANSA, PolyWorks, PowerWRAP, ...
1- 10 Days
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
6. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 6
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Geometry Input (Facetized Components).
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
7. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 7
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Geometry Modification by „Morphing“.
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
8. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 8
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Automatic Discretization.
Typical cell counts for external aerodynamic
cases range from 20-80 milion cells.
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
Geometry
representation
embedded in a
lattice of cubic cells
(with different
levels of resolution).
9. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 9
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Transient Simulation.
Time
DragandLiftCoefficients[-]
Drag (Sampling Rate 13 Hz)
Lift (Sampling Rate 13 Hz)
Drag (Sampling Rate 100 Hz)
Lift (Sampling Rate 100 Hz)1 second
0.100
0.010
Drag Time Average
Lift Time Average
Simulation time steps are in the order of 10-5
to 10-4
seconds
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
10. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 10
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
History of Computer Resources.
288 288
416
253
224
8
24 24
48
96
224
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Number of Cores
1200 full car simulations accomplished by 30 users
Data production rate ≈ 20 TB/year
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
11. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 11
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
History of Computer Resources.
Dedicated PowerFLOW Server
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
12. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 12
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1,0
1,1
1,2
1,3
1,4
1,5
1,6
1,7
1,8
1,9
2,0
32 48 64 80 96 112 128
Number of Cores
Speedup Linear
PowerFLOW 3.6a
PowerFLOW 4.0a
Parallel Efficiency.
Benchmark „medium“ on HP Superdome (Montecito, 1.6GHz)
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
13. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 13
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Case Size.
0
500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
3.500
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
CaseComplexity[GVoTS]
The size of a case (determining the
computational effort) is expressed as
the product of cells (voxels) and timesteps
GVoTS = Giga Voxel Time Steps
The size of a case (determining the
computational effort) is expressed as
the product of cells (voxels) and timesteps
GVoTS = Giga Voxel Time Steps
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
10·106 cells x 50·103 TS
Simple Models, isothermal
10·106 cells x 50·103 TS
Simple Models, isothermal
20·106 cells x 50·103 TS
Detailed Uhood & U-body, isothermal
20·106 cells x 50·103 TS
Detailed Uhood & U-body, isothermal
30·106 cells x 100·103 TS
Fully detailed incl. heat transfer
30·106 cells x 100·103 TS
Fully detailed incl. heat transfer
14. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 14
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Performance Development.
The common performance measure of FLOPS
does not help us to predict expected runtimes.
Instead we use the ratio of GVoTS / CPU-h
0,45
0,30
0,60
0,80
0,20
0,30
0,40
0,50
0,60
0,70
0,80
0,90
Jan 02 Jan 03 Jan 04 Jan 05 Jan 06 Jan 07
CorePerformanceinGVoTS/CPU-h
SGI Origin
R14000 / 0.6GHz
HP Superdome
Madison / 1.5GHz
SGI Altix
Itanium 2 / 1.6GHz
HP Superdome
Montecito / 1.6GHz
Benchmark „medium“ (21 Mio. Voxels)
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
15. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 15
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Comparison of Simulation and Experiment.
-0,100
-0,050
0,000
0,050
0,100
0,150
0,200
0,250
0,300
0,350
0,400
0,450
0,500
DragandLiftCoefficients
Cx PowerFLOW
Cx Wind Tunnel
Cz-rear PowerFLOW
Cz-rear Windtunnel
Array of different Vehicles
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
16. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 16
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Lift Analysis.
-0,03
-0,02
-0,01
0,00
0,01
0,02
0,03
0,0 0,1 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,9 1,0
-0,40
-0,30
-0,20
-0,10
0,00
0,10
0,20
0,0
Cz(x) Verteilung
Cz(x) Integral
CZ1
CZ2
0.011 0.013
0.143 0.123
CFD (PowerFLOW)
BMW Wind Tunnel
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
17. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 17
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Flow Field Visualization.
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
18. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 18
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Passenger Comfort.
Simulation with Screen Simulation without ScreenDraft Test Dummies in the Wind Tunnel
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
Transient Isosurface
Vx=0 (Reverse Flow)
19. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 19
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Temperature Loads (from Oil Cooler and Exhaust).
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
20. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 20
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Exhaust Gas Propagation.
X5
oldOutline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
Isosurfaces of Exhaust Gas with T=50°C Time averaged Flow Field
X5
new
21. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 21
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Detail Optimization.
Wing MirrorSub-Simulation Volume
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
Reduced Effort due to
Sub-Simulations around
Details like Wing Mirrors,
Wheelhouse, etc.
22. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 22
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Aerodynamic Forces on Parts.
Magnitude, Direction and Point of Incidence
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
23. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 23
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Aerodynamic Forces on Parts.
TouringTouring StandardStandard
SportSport
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion StandardStandard
Forces on the Driver‘s Helmet
with different Windshields.
Helmkraft
SportSportTouringTouring
24. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 24
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Aerodynamics and Stability.
Simulation of Gusty Environments.
Gust simulated via time dependent cross flow velocity
travelling downstream over the car.
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
25. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 25
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Aerodynamics and Stability.
Gust Response of different Vehicles.
-0,04
-0,02
0,00
0,02
0,04
0,06
0,08
0,10
1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5
Time [s]
YawingMomentCoefficient
Car A
Car B
CMZ >0
CMZ <0
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
26. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 26
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Wind Tunnel Design.
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
27. BMW Group
Dr. Norbert Grün
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Page 27
HPC in Car and Motorcycle Aerodynamics at BMW.
Conclusion.
ADVANTAGES
+ Significant progress has been made in the past five years
and the field of application has broadened.
+ The level of detail that can be handled and the achievable accuracy
permit productive usage as a complementary tool to the wind tunnel.
+ Usage does not require a numerics expert,
CFD can be employed by the aerodynamicist.
SHORTCOMINGS
- Detail optimization loops with CFD still slower than the wind tunnel.
Outline
Aerodynamic
Development
Simulation
Process
Hardware
Resources
Various
Application
Conclusion
- Computer hardware requirements are very high for competitive process
times, although the per-processor performance has more than doubled in
the past five years.
28. HPC in Car and Motorcycle
Aerodynamics at BMW.
Thank You for Your Attention.
Efficient
Dynamics
International
Supercomputer
Conference
June 26-29, 2007
Dresden, Germany
Dr. Norbert Grün
Aerodynamics
Simulation