2. • DEPRESSION (By WHO) : Common mental disorder that
presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure,
feelings of guilt or low self- worth, disturbed sleep or
appetite, low energy, and poor concentration
• ETIOLOGY
• Genetic cause
• Environmental factors
• Biochemical factors : Biochemical theory of depression
postulates a deficiency of neurotransmitters in certain areas
of the brain(noradrenaline, serotonin, and dopamine).
• Dopaminergic activity : reduced in case ofdepression, over
activity in mania
• Endocrine factors- hypothyroidism, cushing's syndrome etc
• Abuse of Drugs or Alcohol
• Hormone Level Changes
• Physical illness and side effects of medications
3.
4. • What keeps depression going?
• People’s depression doesn’t get better by
itself is because they are struggling with a
mixture of interpreting things in unhelpful
ways and acting in ways that are self-
defeating.
• It has a lot to say about why depression might
not get better by itself.
5.
6. • DEPRESSIONS
• Thinking is pessimistic and in some cases
suicidal.
• In severe cases psychotic symptoms such as
hallucinations or delusions may be present.
• Insomnia or hypersomnia, libido, weight loss,
loss of appetite.
• • Intellectual or cognitive symptoms include a
decreased ability to concentrate, slowed
thinking, & a poor memory for recent events.
7. TREATMENT
Cognitive behavioral therapy
• A talk therapy focused on modifying negative
thoughts, behaviours and emotional responses
associated with psychological distress.
Behaviour therapy
• A therapy focused on modifying harmful
behaviours associated with psychological distress.
Psychotherapy
• Treatment of mental or behavioural disorders
through talk > therapy.
8. Antidepressant
Taking medications designed to help relieve
symptoms of depression. Some
antidepressants also have other uses, such as
treating chronic pain and certain anxiety
Anxiolytic
Relieves anxiety and tension. May promote
sleep.
