Daniel Karrenberg is the Chief Scientist at RIPE NCC, one of the five Regional Internet Registries. He argues that networks need to deploy production-grade IPv6 immediately, as IPv4 addresses are running out and will no longer be distributed in 2011. While IPv6 deployment has been slow, some examples like the German website heise online and Dutch ISP xs4all show it can be done with relatively few issues. Karrenberg urges organizations to stop making excuses and experiments and move IPv6 into production environments now.

1. IPv6, Act Now!
Daniel Karrenberg, RIPE NCC Chief Scientist

2. Who is talking: Daniel Karrenberg
• 1980s: helped build Internet in Europe
– EUnet, Ebone, IXes, ...
– RIPE
• 1990s: helped build RIPE NCC
– 1st CEO: 1992-2000
• 2000s: Chief Scientist & Public Service
– Trustee of the Internet Society: IETF, ...
– Interests: Internet measurements, stability, trust &
identity in the Internet, ...
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 2

3. The five Regional Internet Registries
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 3

4. RIPE NCC
• One of 5 Regional Internet Registries
• Supports coordination of Internet operations
• Not for profit membership organisation
• 7000+ members
• Distributes Internet resources to members
• RIPE DB, training, information services, measurements
• RIPE: Bottom-up, self-regulated, open to everyone
• Neutral, Impartial, Open, Transparent
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 4

5. Where do all the addresses come from?
IETF
IANA
AfriNIC ARIN RIPE NCC APNIC LACNIC
7000 LIRs
End Users
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 5

6. Policy process: decision making
IETF
Standards
IANA
AfriNIC ARIN RIPE NCC APNIC LACNIC
RIPE Community:
Open to Operations
everyone
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 6

7. IPv4 exhaustion phases
IPv4 still available. RIPE NCC’s allocation
RIPE NCC can only
RIPE NCC continues policy from last /8
distribute IPv6
distributing it applies
?
now time
IANA pool RIPE NCC RIPE NCC
exhausted reaches pool
final /8 exhausted
Each of
the 5 RIRs
given a /8
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 7

8. IPv4 allocation timeline
IANA Pool RIR Allocations Advertised RIR Pool
Today
256
Data Projection
192
128
64
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 8

9. IPv4 exhaustion phases
IPv4 still available. RIPE NCC’s allocation
RIPE NCC can only
RIPE NCC continues policy from last /8
distribute IPv6
distributing it applies
?
now time
IANA pool RIPE NCC RIPE NCC
exhausted reaches pool
final /8 exhausted
Each of
the 5 RIRs
given a /8
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 9

10. Last /8 address block the of the RIPE NCC
• Last /8 distributed according to RIPE community
policy ripe-509
• Ensures IPv4 access for future members
– 16000+ /22s in a /8
– members can get one /22 only (1000+ addresses)
– must already hold IPv6
– must qualify for allocation
• /16 set aside for unforeseen situations
– if unused, will be distributed
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 10

11. IPv4 address pool: /8-s used in each region
80
60
40
20
0
RIPE NCC AfriNIC ARIN LACNIC APNIC Other IANA Organisations
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 11

12. IPv6 address distribution
/3 IANA
/12 RIR
/32 LIR
/48 /56 /48 End User
Allocation PA Assignment PI Assignment
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 12

13. Deploy production grade IPv6 now !
• Regional Internet Registries will have to start
turning down requests for IPv4 addresses in 2011
• Networks need to continue growing
• Deploy production grade IPv6 now !
– The time for excuses is over
– The time for experiments is over
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 13

14. What does an IPv6 allocation cost?
• /32 = 1 scoring unit
• /31 = 2 scoring units
• points = ∑(2010-1992)x(scoring unit) =18x1+...
Category Points Fee 2010
Extra Small 0 - 16 € 1300
Small - 111 € 1800
Medium - 936 € 2550
Large - 7116 € 4100
Extra Large > 7116 € 5500
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 14

15. Number of addresses (rounded off)
• IPv4
– 4,000,000,000
• IPv6
– 300000000000000000000000000000000000000
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 15

16. IPv4 vs IPv6 (rounded off)
IPv4 IPv6
addresses 4x109 3x1038
allocations
to members 2x106 4x109
in each allocation: in each allocation:
addresses 2000 8x1028
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 16

17. IPv6 RIPEness – total membership
1 star 2 stars 3 stars 4 stars No IPv6
1 star
11%
No IPv6 2 stars
65% 5%
3 stars
8%
4 stars
11%
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 17

18. IPv6 RIPEness – countries
100%
67%
33%
0%
Germany France Netherlands UK Austria Switzerland Slovenia
4 Stars 3 Stars 2 Stars 1 Star 0 Stars
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 18

19. IPv6 enabled ASes in global routing
All Germany Belgium France Netherlands
40%
33%
27%
20%
13%
7%
0%
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 19

20. Google’s IPv6 Stats
• Notice the recent acceleration of “native”
• Still too slow
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 20

21. Some real world examples
• Deploy production grade IPv6 now !
– The time for excuses is over
– The time for experiments is over
• It can be done !
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 21

22. Some real world examples
• heise online
– Major German IT Site
– Operating www.six.heise.de since 2009
– Switched on IPv6 on main site for 24 hours in
September 2010
– Very few problems, decided to keep it switched on!
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 22

23. Some real world examples
• xs4all
– Dutch Internet Service Provider (ISP)
– 270,000 customers
– Offering IPv6 as standard to home users
since August 2010
– Only 1.5% of customer base opted in
by November 2010
– “Customers don’t want to spend much effort”
Marco Hogewoning, XS4ALL
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 23

24. Some real world examples
• Hetzner
– Major German Hosting Provider
– Offering IPv6 at no additional cost for severs
– Set-up extremely easy
– IPv6 connectivity production grade
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 24

25. Some real world examples
Wikileaks
Mirrors
ad-hoc
Volunteers
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 25

26. Deploy production grade IPv6 now !
• Regional Internet Registries will have to
start turning down requests for IPv4
addresses in 2011
• Networks need to continue growing
• Deploy production grade IPv6 now !
– The time for excuses is over
– The time for experiments is over
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 26

27. Join the IPv6 Day on 8 June 2011!
• Major organisations offer all content over IPv6
for a day
– Google, Facebook, Yahoo!, Akamai, Limelight NW, etc
• Test drive
• IPv4 not “switched off”
• Want to participate?
– http://isoc.org/wp/worldipv6day/
– content providers: dual stack & AAAA records in DNS
Daniel Karrenberg, 8 February 2011 27

28. Questions?