This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights in India, including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, and plant varieties. It defines tangible and intangible property, outlines the need for intellectual property protection, and details the types of intellectual property rights under Indian law, including the governing acts, symbols used, subject matter protected, and terms of protection. Examples are given of registered industrial designs, trademarks, and geographical indications. Notable inventions and limitations on patentability under Indian patent law are also discussed.

1. Patents
Industrial
Design
Trademark
RightsPropertyIntellectual
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2. Table of content [Hyperlinks will work in slide show mode]
3 Tangible Property Vs Intangible Property
4 Intellectual Property in general
5 Need of IPR
6 Intellectual property Rights (India): Types, Symbols, Governing Acts , term and Content it protects
7 Industrial design published in CGPDTM Design Journal [Example]
8 Trademarks published in CGPDTM TM Journal [Example]
9 Geographical Indications published in CGPDTM GI Journal [Example]
10 Images from some interesting Patents
11 What are not Inventions as per Indian Patent Act [Section-3 and 4]
12 What are not inventions as per Indian Patent Act [Section-3 and 4]
13 What rights a patentee for Process/Product/Composition/Device have? [Section-48]
14 What you can do without infringing others patent for a Process/Product/Composition/Device [Section-47]
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3. Tangible Property Vs Intangible Property
Characteristics Tangible Property Intangible Property
Ownership √ √
Physical existance √ X
Transferable ownerhip √ √
 Land
 Buildings
 Machinery
 Equipments
 Furniture and fixtures
 Computer
Equipments
 Vehicles
 Trademarks
 Patented technologies
 Unpatented technologies
 Software
 Copyrights
 Industrial Design
 Geographical Indication
 Plant Varieties
 Google's trademark–now the most valuable on the planet, according to Brand Finance–is worth an estimated $44 billion, or 27% of
the firm's overall value, measured by market capitalization (its stock price multiplied by the number of shares)
 Google bought Motorola Mobility for $12.5 billion in 2011 and sold it in 2014 to Lenovo in just $2.9 billion. At the time of
purchase Motorola was having 17,000 issued patents and 7,500 applications. Google has retained rights to Motorola’s patents,
and is licensing them to Lenovo.
 In 2013, Lilly's patent on its popular insulin drug Humalog, which earned the company $2.4 billion, expired.
 Hasbro Inc. has TM registration for Transformer Action Figures. [http://s90690880.onlinehome.us/trademarks/hasbrotflive.html]
 There is a list of most valuable paintings in India at The Art Trust. [http://www.theartstrust.com/topindianpaintingby s.aspx]. A
painting by VS. Gaitonde was sold in Rs 23,70,25,000 last year.
 "Firefly - A Fairytale", written by famous fashion designer Ritu Beri is most costly book in India. The book is priced at Rs 1 lakh and
is published by Ritu Beri herself.
VS. Gaitonde Art Ritu Beri’s Firefly-A Fairytale
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4. Intellectual property (IP) is a legal term that refers to creations of the mind
Proprietary Phrases
Inventions
Cinematographic and
Musical works
Design
RegistrationTrademarksLiterary works
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5. Intellectual property Rights : Need
 Company Value: Over 75% of the Company Value in Fortune 500 firms are due to IP assets the firms possess.
 Entry Barriers: IP Rights help a business by capturing the value one creates to consumers by creating entry barriers in a given market.
 Legal Monopoly: A Patent provides reward to an inventor for his inventiveness and creativity in the form of “legal monopoly” to
commercially exploit his creation for 20 years .
 Advance of Man Kind: In exchange to a Patent Right, an inventor gives back to the public his knowledge, to be shared and used for
further improvement and the advance of mankind.
 Goodwill: A name or brand conveys all the “goodwill” of your product or service. A Trademark holds that Goodwill and leads
consumers to your original product or service.
 Avoid Free-riding: Competitors could “free ride” on unprotected successful brands, attracting your original consumers to their non-
original products or services.
 Financial Leverage & Monetizing: One could monetized an IP asset in several ways. An IP right owner could license his rights to 3rd
parties, growing his business internationally, generate franchises, transfer those rights and even leverage bank loans, using their IP
rights as collaterals.
 Counterfeiting: A novel and attractive product could be copied, produced and commercialized as an imitation or counterfeit of the
original product. IP Rights help you stops those counterfeited product at the boarder by means of effective customs legal actions,
based in those original IP rights.
 Works or Art: Creative artist and other professional could create works of art and share his creating with the world worry-free. He will
be sure to be recognize as the creator and he and his successors will enjoy the financial benefits of potential royalties deriving from
that creation.
 Avoid Infringement: Even though one chooses not to protect his product or service, that product / service name and or technology,
could be infringing some else’s IP Right, which could end in law suits and the payment of heavy damages to the other party.
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6. Intellectual property Rights (India): Types, Symbols, Governing Acts , term and Content it protects
IPR Characteristics Details
Patent
Symbol
®
Governing Act The Patent Act, 1970
Content protected Inventions [Product, Process,
Composition, Devices]
Term of Protection 20 years from date of priority
Copyright
Symbol ©
Governing Act The Copyright Act, 1957
Content protected Literary matter, periodicals, maps,
photographs, works of art, textile
and other designs, sound
recordings, musical
Term of Protection In general 60 years
Design
Symbol “Design Registered”
Governing Act The Design Act, 2000
Content protected Design applied to products
Term of protection 15 years
Trademark
Symbol TM
Governing Act The Trademark Act, 1999
Content protected Letters, words, names, signatures
Labels, devices, tickets, shapes,
colors and their combination for
products, process, devices and
services
Term of protection Unlimited period subject to renewal
IPR Characteristics Details
IC Layout
Design
Symbol NA
Governing Act The Semiconductor Integrated
Circuits Layout Design Act, 2000
Content
protected
IC topography
Term of
protection
10 years from the date of
protection or first commercial
exploitation
Geographical
Indication
Symbol “Geographical Indication
Registered”
Governing Act The Geographical Indications of
Goods (Registration and Protection)
Act, 1999
Content
protected
Sign used on products providing
information of its geographical
origin
Term of
Protection
Unlimited period subject to renewal
Plant
Varieties
Symbol NA
Governing Act The Protection of Plant Varieties
and Farmers’ Rights Act, 2001
Content
protected
Sign used on Farmers’ Variety, New
Variety, and Extant Variety
Term of
protection
15-18 years
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7. Industrial design published in CGPDTM Design Journal [Example]
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8. Trademarks published in CGPDTM TM Journal [Example]
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9. Geographical Indications published in CGPDTM GI Journal [Example]
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10. Images from some interesting Patents
Foldable bicycle
A million color pen
A flying car
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11. What are not Inventions as per Indian Patent Act [Section-3 and 4]
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12. What are not inventions as per Indian Patent Act [Section-3 and 4]
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13. What rights a patentee for Process/Product/Composition/Device have? [Section-48]
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14. What you can do if patent is active for a Process/Product/Composition/Device [Section-47]
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