The document provides information on various aspects of intellectual property rights (IPR) such as the meaning of IPR, types of IPR like patents, trademarks, copyrights etc. It discusses the history and evolution of IPR globally and in India. It describes organizations like WIPO and WTO that govern international IPR norms. Key Indian IPR laws like the Patents Act, Trademarks Act and Designs Act are also summarized along with IPR application processes, infringement issues and notable court cases.
Introduction to Intellectual Property Rights PharmaTatva
This document summarizes intellectual property rights and related topics. It defines intellectual property rights as including literary, artistic, scientific, and other works; performances; inventions; designs; trademarks; and more. It then outlines the main types of intellectual property protections like patents, copyrights, trademarks, and industrial designs. It provides an overview of the relevant legislation in India governing these areas. It also discusses international treaties related to intellectual property. Finally, it summarizes some specific intellectual property topics in more depth, like patents, designs, trademarks, copyrights, and plant varieties.
To understand the basic of intellectual property rights like Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights and related rights, Geographical Indications, Industrial Designs,Trade Secrets, Layout Design for Integrated Circuits, Protection of New Plant Variety. by the way of that to understand how to protect this property and use in business
This document provides an overview of patents and trade secrets, including:
- The history of U.S. patent law from the Constitution to modern statutes like the America Invents Act.
- Key requirements for patentability including utility, novelty, non-obviousness, and adequate disclosure.
- Distinctions between patents, copyrights, and trademarks in terms of subject matter and requirements.
- Issues regarding patenting natural phenomena, abstract ideas, and business processes.
- Mechanisms of the patent system including filing, examination, infringement, and defenses.
FACTOR AFFECTING ONINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY VIOLATION & PENALTIES ROLE OF IPR ...Ankush Sule
This document discusses the role of intellectual property rights (IPR) in the pharmaceutical industry. It notes that IPR is important for (1) protecting inventions through patents or trade secrets, (2) promoting economic growth and competitiveness by allowing inventors to profit from their work, and (3) generating solutions to global health challenges by funding innovation. Violations of IPR, such as patent, trademark, or copyright infringement, can be remedied through legal actions seeking injunctions, damages, or seizure of infringing materials.
Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind such as inventions, literary works, symbols, and designs. Intellectual property rights protect these creations and include the rights to reproduce, distribute, license, sell, and exploit them. Unlike physical goods, intellectual creations cannot be contained within regions due to technology enabling free flow of information globally. Intellectual property rights are private rights that laws confer as monopolies to stimulate innovation and creativity by granting rights holders exclusive commercial benefits for their creations. Major sources of intellectual property rights are international conventions and treaties that have created a complex system of standards for national intellectual property laws.
This document summarizes key aspects of various Indian intellectual property laws, including the Trade Marks Act, Patents Act, and Copyright Act. It notes that WTO regulates international trade and IP rights, and that India is a signatory to TRIPS. The main acts governing IP in India are described, along with important provisions around trademarks, patents, and copyright. For trademarks, it outlines registration procedures and grounds for refusal. For patents, it discusses application procedures, subject matter eligibility, infringement, and duration of rights. For copyright, it notes that registration is optional but provides evidentiary benefits.
The document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India. It begins with definitions of intellectual property (IP) and IPR. It then discusses the different types of IP under industrial property and copyright. The document outlines the key IP laws and regulations in India, including the Patents Act, Trademarks Act, and Copyright Act. It also discusses international treaties and organizations related to IPR, such as TRIPS, WIPO, the Berne Convention, and the Budapest Treaty. Overall, the document covers the basic concepts and legal framework of IPR in India.
IPR: Definition, Importance, and Origin
Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS): objective, features, and agreement.
Common types of IPR: patent, trademark, tradesecret,copyright, design registration, a geographical indication.
Introduction to Intellectual Property Rights PharmaTatva
This document summarizes intellectual property rights and related topics. It defines intellectual property rights as including literary, artistic, scientific, and other works; performances; inventions; designs; trademarks; and more. It then outlines the main types of intellectual property protections like patents, copyrights, trademarks, and industrial designs. It provides an overview of the relevant legislation in India governing these areas. It also discusses international treaties related to intellectual property. Finally, it summarizes some specific intellectual property topics in more depth, like patents, designs, trademarks, copyrights, and plant varieties.
To understand the basic of intellectual property rights like Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights and related rights, Geographical Indications, Industrial Designs,Trade Secrets, Layout Design for Integrated Circuits, Protection of New Plant Variety. by the way of that to understand how to protect this property and use in business
This document provides an overview of patents and trade secrets, including:
- The history of U.S. patent law from the Constitution to modern statutes like the America Invents Act.
- Key requirements for patentability including utility, novelty, non-obviousness, and adequate disclosure.
- Distinctions between patents, copyrights, and trademarks in terms of subject matter and requirements.
- Issues regarding patenting natural phenomena, abstract ideas, and business processes.
- Mechanisms of the patent system including filing, examination, infringement, and defenses.
FACTOR AFFECTING ONINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY VIOLATION & PENALTIES ROLE OF IPR ...Ankush Sule
This document discusses the role of intellectual property rights (IPR) in the pharmaceutical industry. It notes that IPR is important for (1) protecting inventions through patents or trade secrets, (2) promoting economic growth and competitiveness by allowing inventors to profit from their work, and (3) generating solutions to global health challenges by funding innovation. Violations of IPR, such as patent, trademark, or copyright infringement, can be remedied through legal actions seeking injunctions, damages, or seizure of infringing materials.
Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind such as inventions, literary works, symbols, and designs. Intellectual property rights protect these creations and include the rights to reproduce, distribute, license, sell, and exploit them. Unlike physical goods, intellectual creations cannot be contained within regions due to technology enabling free flow of information globally. Intellectual property rights are private rights that laws confer as monopolies to stimulate innovation and creativity by granting rights holders exclusive commercial benefits for their creations. Major sources of intellectual property rights are international conventions and treaties that have created a complex system of standards for national intellectual property laws.
This document summarizes key aspects of various Indian intellectual property laws, including the Trade Marks Act, Patents Act, and Copyright Act. It notes that WTO regulates international trade and IP rights, and that India is a signatory to TRIPS. The main acts governing IP in India are described, along with important provisions around trademarks, patents, and copyright. For trademarks, it outlines registration procedures and grounds for refusal. For patents, it discusses application procedures, subject matter eligibility, infringement, and duration of rights. For copyright, it notes that registration is optional but provides evidentiary benefits.
The document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India. It begins with definitions of intellectual property (IP) and IPR. It then discusses the different types of IP under industrial property and copyright. The document outlines the key IP laws and regulations in India, including the Patents Act, Trademarks Act, and Copyright Act. It also discusses international treaties and organizations related to IPR, such as TRIPS, WIPO, the Berne Convention, and the Budapest Treaty. Overall, the document covers the basic concepts and legal framework of IPR in India.
IPR: Definition, Importance, and Origin
Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS): objective, features, and agreement.
Common types of IPR: patent, trademark, tradesecret,copyright, design registration, a geographical indication.
Intellectual property laws award exclusive rights to produce, copy, distribute and license goods and technologies to incentivize innovation. This document discusses intellectual property laws in India, including patents. It defines key terms like invention, patent, patentee, and outlines qualifications for patentability as well as exceptions. The importance of intellectual property is to promote new ideas and markets which benefit consumers.
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) and different types of IPRs such as patents, trademarks, designs, copyrights. It provides details about industrial designs, requirements for obtaining patents, and the stages of the patent application process in India which includes filing, examination, amendments in response to examination reports, and potential grant of the patent. The key types of IPRs covered are patents, trademarks, designs, copyrights, and trade secrets.
protectable subject matters, period of protection and protection in biotecth...B. BHASKAR
This document discusses intellectual property rights and the protection of subject matters in biotechnology. It covers the different types of intellectual property including patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets. It describes the subject matters protected under each type of intellectual property like inventions, literary works, symbols for commerce, and undisclosed information. The document also discusses geographical indications, integrated circuit layout designs, and the areas of biotechnology including healthcare, agriculture, and industrial applications that are protected by intellectual property rights.
Intellectual Property Rights Notes for B.Sc. & M.Sc. StudentsPradipta Banerjee
GATT, WTO, WIPO, TRIPS, BERNE convention, Madrid Protocol, Budapest Treaty, Copyright, Trademark and its types, Service mark, GI, Industrial design, Integrated circuits
The document discusses patents, copyrights, and trademarks. It covers what patents, copyrights, and trademarks are, how to obtain them, requirements for protection, infringement issues, and international considerations. Key points include patents providing temporary monopoly for inventions, copyright protecting original creative works, and trademarks identifying business sources and brands. The document also notes limitations and exceptions for protection.
This document provides an overview of various types of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India, including copyright, trademarks, geographical indications, patents, utility models, and designs. It defines each type of IPR, when they apply, how to obtain and maintain rights, and examples of each. Copyright protects original works, trademarks protect brands and logos, geographical indications protect region-specific goods, patents new inventions, utility models simpler inventions, and designs the appearance of products. The document also outlines the governing laws and bodies that regulate IPR in India.
Law Project, Including case study and all important information related to this act, Includes all patent act rules and regulations, PPT for law and mba both
This document provides an overview of patent law from an Indian perspective. It defines what a patent is, outlines the key benefits and requirements for obtaining a patent in India, and describes the patent application and granting process. The document also discusses what can and cannot be patented, infringement issues, and how patents can provide strategic advantages for companies.
This document provides summaries of several intellectual property cases in India. It discusses a patent case where Novartis challenged the denial of a patent for Glivec. It also discusses a patent case involving Yahoo's attempt to patent an online advertising method, which was invalidated. Additionally, it summarizes a trademark case where Amul Dairy successfully argued trademark infringement against local shops using the Amul name. Finally, it outlines a copyright case where Microsoft filed a case against a company engaged in software piracy and counterfeiting of Microsoft products.
The document provides an overview of intellectual property law, including the different types of intellectual property like patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets. It discusses how these different types of intellectual property can be acquired and enforced, as well as exceptions and limitations. It also covers technology transfer agreements between government laboratories and private entities.
This document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) and the role of customs in IPR protection. It provides definitions and explanations of different types of IPRs such as trademarks, patents, copyrights, designs, and geographical indications. It discusses issues like counterfeiting and the statistics around counterfeiting in India. It also summarizes some key provisions of the Customs Act and IPR Rules that empower customs authorities to protect IPRs and seize counterfeit goods imported into India.
1. Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind like inventions, literary works, artistic works, symbols and designs used in commerce.
2. IP laws like patents, copyrights, and trademarks aim to protect knowledge created through human effort and promote further creativity by giving owners limited monopoly over their creations.
3. Protecting IP benefits both creators through financial returns and the public through access to new inventions and creative works.
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) and provides an overview of different types of IPR including copyright, trademarks, geographical indications, industrial designs, patents, integrated circuit layout designs, and undisclosed information. It describes the rationale for IPR as encouraging creative works and innovation through limited-time economic incentives. Balancing individual rights with societal access is also discussed.
The document discusses intellectual property laws in India, including laws relating to trademarks, copyrights, patents, industrial designs, geographical indications, and information technology. It outlines what constitutes infringement of these intellectual property rights and the available legal remedies. Key points include that registration is not required for copyrights and trademarks but is needed for patents, industrial designs, and geographical indications. Remedies for infringement include civil actions like injunctions and damages, as well as criminal charges.
General principles of_intellectual_property[1].pptx_2[1]chandu chatla
This document discusses concepts of intellectual property including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, integrated circuit layout designs, trade secrets, and plant variety protection. It provides definitions and requirements for obtaining protection under each type of intellectual property. It also discusses the economic importance of intellectual property and the government agencies that administer intellectual property rights in India.
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) issues and trends in India. It provides an overview of different types of IPR including patents, trademarks, copyrights, and others. It then summarizes some key IPR cases in India regarding patent disputes, trademark disputes, and copyright issues. It also outlines new trends in IPR in India such as strengthening enforcement, establishing specialized institutions, and expanding the role of patent offices.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPRs) with a focus on their relevance and application in the pharmaceutical field. It defines IPRs as legal rights granted for creations of the mind that have commercial value. The document outlines the main types of IPR protection mechanisms including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, integrated circuit layout designs, geographical indications, plant variety rights, and trade secrets. For each mechanism, it discusses eligibility, terms of protection, and registration processes. The presentation aims to explain why IPRs are important for encouraging innovation and how students and researchers can benefit practically from understanding IPR systems.
Shivani Soni is presenting to Mr. Vinod Thakur on intellectual property. The presentation discusses the difference between legal and ethical issues, and introduces three primary types of intellectual property: patents, copyrights, and trademarks. Patents protect inventions and can be utility patents, design patents, or plant patents. Copyrights protect original creative works fixed in a tangible form. Trademarks protect words, names, symbols or devices used in trade to identify the source of goods and distinguish them from other goods.
The document discusses types of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India and patents. It outlines the main legislations covering different types of IPR in India, including patents, designs, trademarks, copyright, integrated circuits, trade secrets, geographical indications, and plant varieties. It also discusses key aspects of the patent system in India such as registration, international treaties, requirements for patents, limitations of patents, the Patents Act of 1970, patentable and non-patentable inventions, process versus product patents, and the patent filing process.
This document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) legislation and patents in India. It provides an overview of the major IPR legislations in India covering patents, designs, trademarks, copyright, integrated circuits, trade secrets, geographical indications, and plant varieties. It also discusses requirements for patent registration, international IPR treaties and agreements India is a signatory to, types of patents, and limitations of patents. The document focuses on the Patents Act of 1970 and key aspects of the Indian patent system such as patentable and non-patentable inventions. It also distinguishes between process and product patents.
Intellectual property laws award exclusive rights to produce, copy, distribute and license goods and technologies to incentivize innovation. This document discusses intellectual property laws in India, including patents. It defines key terms like invention, patent, patentee, and outlines qualifications for patentability as well as exceptions. The importance of intellectual property is to promote new ideas and markets which benefit consumers.
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) and different types of IPRs such as patents, trademarks, designs, copyrights. It provides details about industrial designs, requirements for obtaining patents, and the stages of the patent application process in India which includes filing, examination, amendments in response to examination reports, and potential grant of the patent. The key types of IPRs covered are patents, trademarks, designs, copyrights, and trade secrets.
protectable subject matters, period of protection and protection in biotecth...B. BHASKAR
This document discusses intellectual property rights and the protection of subject matters in biotechnology. It covers the different types of intellectual property including patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets. It describes the subject matters protected under each type of intellectual property like inventions, literary works, symbols for commerce, and undisclosed information. The document also discusses geographical indications, integrated circuit layout designs, and the areas of biotechnology including healthcare, agriculture, and industrial applications that are protected by intellectual property rights.
Intellectual Property Rights Notes for B.Sc. & M.Sc. StudentsPradipta Banerjee
GATT, WTO, WIPO, TRIPS, BERNE convention, Madrid Protocol, Budapest Treaty, Copyright, Trademark and its types, Service mark, GI, Industrial design, Integrated circuits
The document discusses patents, copyrights, and trademarks. It covers what patents, copyrights, and trademarks are, how to obtain them, requirements for protection, infringement issues, and international considerations. Key points include patents providing temporary monopoly for inventions, copyright protecting original creative works, and trademarks identifying business sources and brands. The document also notes limitations and exceptions for protection.
This document provides an overview of various types of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India, including copyright, trademarks, geographical indications, patents, utility models, and designs. It defines each type of IPR, when they apply, how to obtain and maintain rights, and examples of each. Copyright protects original works, trademarks protect brands and logos, geographical indications protect region-specific goods, patents new inventions, utility models simpler inventions, and designs the appearance of products. The document also outlines the governing laws and bodies that regulate IPR in India.
Law Project, Including case study and all important information related to this act, Includes all patent act rules and regulations, PPT for law and mba both
This document provides an overview of patent law from an Indian perspective. It defines what a patent is, outlines the key benefits and requirements for obtaining a patent in India, and describes the patent application and granting process. The document also discusses what can and cannot be patented, infringement issues, and how patents can provide strategic advantages for companies.
This document provides summaries of several intellectual property cases in India. It discusses a patent case where Novartis challenged the denial of a patent for Glivec. It also discusses a patent case involving Yahoo's attempt to patent an online advertising method, which was invalidated. Additionally, it summarizes a trademark case where Amul Dairy successfully argued trademark infringement against local shops using the Amul name. Finally, it outlines a copyright case where Microsoft filed a case against a company engaged in software piracy and counterfeiting of Microsoft products.
The document provides an overview of intellectual property law, including the different types of intellectual property like patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets. It discusses how these different types of intellectual property can be acquired and enforced, as well as exceptions and limitations. It also covers technology transfer agreements between government laboratories and private entities.
This document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) and the role of customs in IPR protection. It provides definitions and explanations of different types of IPRs such as trademarks, patents, copyrights, designs, and geographical indications. It discusses issues like counterfeiting and the statistics around counterfeiting in India. It also summarizes some key provisions of the Customs Act and IPR Rules that empower customs authorities to protect IPRs and seize counterfeit goods imported into India.
1. Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind like inventions, literary works, artistic works, symbols and designs used in commerce.
2. IP laws like patents, copyrights, and trademarks aim to protect knowledge created through human effort and promote further creativity by giving owners limited monopoly over their creations.
3. Protecting IP benefits both creators through financial returns and the public through access to new inventions and creative works.
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) and provides an overview of different types of IPR including copyright, trademarks, geographical indications, industrial designs, patents, integrated circuit layout designs, and undisclosed information. It describes the rationale for IPR as encouraging creative works and innovation through limited-time economic incentives. Balancing individual rights with societal access is also discussed.
The document discusses intellectual property laws in India, including laws relating to trademarks, copyrights, patents, industrial designs, geographical indications, and information technology. It outlines what constitutes infringement of these intellectual property rights and the available legal remedies. Key points include that registration is not required for copyrights and trademarks but is needed for patents, industrial designs, and geographical indications. Remedies for infringement include civil actions like injunctions and damages, as well as criminal charges.
General principles of_intellectual_property[1].pptx_2[1]chandu chatla
This document discusses concepts of intellectual property including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, integrated circuit layout designs, trade secrets, and plant variety protection. It provides definitions and requirements for obtaining protection under each type of intellectual property. It also discusses the economic importance of intellectual property and the government agencies that administer intellectual property rights in India.
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) issues and trends in India. It provides an overview of different types of IPR including patents, trademarks, copyrights, and others. It then summarizes some key IPR cases in India regarding patent disputes, trademark disputes, and copyright issues. It also outlines new trends in IPR in India such as strengthening enforcement, establishing specialized institutions, and expanding the role of patent offices.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPRs) with a focus on their relevance and application in the pharmaceutical field. It defines IPRs as legal rights granted for creations of the mind that have commercial value. The document outlines the main types of IPR protection mechanisms including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, integrated circuit layout designs, geographical indications, plant variety rights, and trade secrets. For each mechanism, it discusses eligibility, terms of protection, and registration processes. The presentation aims to explain why IPRs are important for encouraging innovation and how students and researchers can benefit practically from understanding IPR systems.
Shivani Soni is presenting to Mr. Vinod Thakur on intellectual property. The presentation discusses the difference between legal and ethical issues, and introduces three primary types of intellectual property: patents, copyrights, and trademarks. Patents protect inventions and can be utility patents, design patents, or plant patents. Copyrights protect original creative works fixed in a tangible form. Trademarks protect words, names, symbols or devices used in trade to identify the source of goods and distinguish them from other goods.
The document discusses types of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India and patents. It outlines the main legislations covering different types of IPR in India, including patents, designs, trademarks, copyright, integrated circuits, trade secrets, geographical indications, and plant varieties. It also discusses key aspects of the patent system in India such as registration, international treaties, requirements for patents, limitations of patents, the Patents Act of 1970, patentable and non-patentable inventions, process versus product patents, and the patent filing process.
This document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) legislation and patents in India. It provides an overview of the major IPR legislations in India covering patents, designs, trademarks, copyright, integrated circuits, trade secrets, geographical indications, and plant varieties. It also discusses requirements for patent registration, international IPR treaties and agreements India is a signatory to, types of patents, and limitations of patents. The document focuses on the Patents Act of 1970 and key aspects of the Indian patent system such as patentable and non-patentable inventions. It also distinguishes between process and product patents.
The document discusses different types of intellectual property rights including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. Patents protect inventions and provide exclusive rights to the inventor for a limited time. Copyrights protect original creative works like books, music, and art and provide automatic protection without registration. Trademarks protect distinctive signs and symbols that identify commercial goods and services. Trade secrets protect confidential business information. The document outlines the requirements and types of patents and copyright protections under intellectual property law.
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) and provides information on various types of IPR including patents, trademarks, copyright, and industrial designs. It explains that IPR allow creators to benefit from their work and provides incentives for innovation. The document also summarizes India's IPR laws and international agreements on IPR. It notes that India is signatory to several treaties and has enacted laws to be compliant with international standards on patents, copyright, trademarks and other forms of intellectual property.
1. The document provides an overview of intellectual property rights including trademarks, copyrights, patents, and trade secrets. It discusses the types of intellectual property, requirements for registration and protection, as well as international organizations that promote intellectual property rights.
2. The US Patent and Trademark Office is responsible for granting patents and registering trademarks in the US. Key international organizations that promote intellectual property include the World Intellectual Property Organization and the International Trademark Association.
3. Important international treaties discussed include the Berne Convention which established copyright protections and the Madrid Protocol which provides an efficient system for international trademark registration.
This presentation helps you to thoroughly understand the concept of patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets etc. Also it includes the steps for registering the above mentioned subjects. Do have a look.
The document summarizes key aspects of patents, trademarks, and industrial designs as forms of intellectual property rights under TRIPS. It discusses the requirements for intellectual property rights according to TRIPS, including national treatment, minimum standards of protection and enforcement. It also provides definitions and examples of patents, trademarks, and industrial designs, and outlines the processes for obtaining each type of intellectual property right in India.
1. The document discusses various topics related to intellectual property rights (IPR) such as the meaning of IPR, types of IPR including patents, trademarks, copyright, and infringement.
2. It provides information on organizations like WIPO that promote IPR, examples of famous inventors, and the importance and purpose of having legal protection for IP.
3. The key types of IP covered are patents, trademarks, copyright, industrial designs, geographical indications, and trade secrets along with the laws governing them in India.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights, including the different types of IP (patent, trademark, copyright). It discusses what is covered under each type of IP right and how they are protected legally. For patents, it describes the requirements for patentability, duration and fees. For trademarks, it explains the registration process, duration and correct usage. For copyright, it outlines what works are covered, registration procedure and duration of copyright. The presentation concludes by emphasizing the importance of respecting other's IP rights and not using competitors' marks in a confusing or misleading way.
The document discusses various aspects of intellectual property including definitions, types, and protections. It defines intellectual property as creations of the mind that have commercial value and can be protected legally. The main types of intellectual property rights discussed are patents, copyrights, trademarks, and industrial designs. The document also summarizes key points about each type of intellectual property including registration processes, duration of protections, and benefits.
This document defines and describes various types of intellectual property including patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade names, and trade secrets. Patents protect inventions and designs for a limited time, copyrights protect original creative works, and trademarks protect brands, logos, and names to prevent consumer confusion. International agreements provide protections across borders. Proper registration and legal standards govern ownership and prevent infringement of intellectual property rights.
This document discusses the concept of intellectual property (IP) and intellectual property rights (IPR). It defines IP as any intellectual creation of the mind and IPR as legal rights given to inventors or creators to exclusively profit from their inventions or creations for a certain period of time. Intellectual property laws protect various intangible creations through tools like patents, copyrights, trademarks, and designs. The objective of IPR is to encourage innovation by protecting creations and allowing owners to commercially benefit. Protecting IP is important as it distinguishes businesses, provides revenue, and promotes further innovation and economic development.
ASSIGNMENT 3 (CHAPTERS 8-9) QUESTIONS Name .docxAbhinav816839
This document provides questions for an assignment covering chapters 8-9 on intellectual property. It includes 24 multiple choice and short answer questions about various intellectual property concepts such as trademarks, copyrights, patents, trade secrets, and international agreements. Key topics covered are definitions of trademarks, copyright and patent infringement, fair use exceptions, and protections under international treaties like the Berne Convention and TRIPS agreement. Students are asked to email their answers in Word format to the provided email address.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property (IP) including the types of IP (patents, trademarks, copyright), governing bodies and laws, and key concepts around IP rights.
1. It discusses the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) which promotes IP protection worldwide and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
2. The major types of IP are outlined as functional/technical inventions protected by patents, artistic works protected by copyright, and symbols/logos protected by trademarks.
3. The rights provided by patents, copyright, and trademarks are territorial in nature and regulated by country-specific laws, though international treaties allow cross-border cooperation on IP issues.
This document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents in India. It defines intellectual property and IPR, and outlines the types of intellectual property including patents, designs, trademarks, geographical indications, and copyright. It then discusses the history and development of patent laws in India, prerequisites for a patent, and differences between the Indian and US patent acts. The document also outlines the patent procedure in India and types of special patents including for textiles, electronics, software, food, pharmaceuticals, and microorganisms.
This document provides an overview of patent laws and intellectual property rights in India. It explains that a patent gives an owner legal rights to exclude others from an invention for a limited time period in exchange for publicly disclosing the invention. The document discusses India's priority on overseas markets like the UK and the importance of understanding and enforcing intellectual property rights in India. It also summarizes India's patent history and current government laws around patents, the patent application process, costs associated with patents, alternatives to patents, benefits and criticisms of the patent system.
This document discusses various forms of intellectual property rights (IIR) recognized under international agreements including patents, trademarks, copyrights, geographical indicators, industrial designs, trade secrets, integrated circuits, and protection of new plant varieties. It provides details on what can be patented, the different types of patents, the patent process, and registration requirements for trademarks, copyrights, and geographical indicators. Industrial designs, trade secrets, integrated circuits, and protection of new plant varieties are also briefly outlined.
Intellectual Property Rights in the UAE Copyrights, Trademarks & Patents.pdfDr. Hassan Elhais
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) serve as a cornerstone in the protection of creative expressions, technological advancements, and unique brands, fostering innovation and economic growth. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the legal framework for IPR encompasses Copyrights, Trademarks, and Patents, each playing a crucial role in safeguarding the rights of creators, inventors, and businesses. This article explores the key aspects of Copyrights, Trademarks, and Patents in the UAE, highlighting the importance of these protections and the mechanisms in place for their registration, enforcement, and penalties for violations.
The overall presentation is based on the brief introduction of intellectual property rights. This presentation gives you in short ideas about What are the types and how it's work.
This document discusses compensation structures in the business process outsourcing (BPO) sector in India. It outlines the core components of compensation as direct financial (wages, salaries, bonuses), indirect financial (benefits, retirement plans), and non-financial (career development). It then provides an example salary structure for an employee at the company Capgemini, listing monthly and annual base compensation amounts including benefits. The summary concludes that the BPO sector in India provides higher starting salaries than other industries and is a major source of employment in the country.
Fineasy Financial Services aims to provide efficient and reliable financial solutions through an online portal. The portal will comprise sections for financial portfolio analysis, joint ventures, business proposals, mutual funds, sharemarket advisors, realty, loans, and gold. Customers will complete a questionnaire providing personal and financial details to receive tailored suggestions for achieving goals. The plan is to generate money through advertisements and commissions from tie-ups with banks, companies, and real estate agents interested in advertising services to relevant customer groups on the portal. The financial hub aims to educate customers and provide unbiased options and analysis to help achieve individual financial goals through a sustainable business model.
This document provides an overview of Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED), a methodology developed by Shigeo Shingo to reduce changeover times in manufacturing. SMED involves separating changeover tasks into internal and external activities, then converting internal tasks to external to reduce downtime. Benefits of SMED include lower costs, improved flexibility and responsiveness. The document outlines SMED's history and implementation techniques, and provides examples of how Formula 1 pit stops, cruise ships, and fire stations effectively use SMED principles to perform rapid changeovers.
The document describes the ingredients and benefits of two products - Milo Active for children and Milo A+ for adults. Milo Active is enriched with iron, vitamin B1, calcium, glutamine, and Zytrrix to keep children energized throughout the day. Milo A+ is enriched with riboflavin, thiamine, vitamins, and amino acids to keep adults feeling energized. The products will be available in powder, bag, and liquid forms in various sizes and flavors.
The document discusses different types of conflict. It defines conflict as occurring when one party perceives that another party has or will negatively impact something they care about, or as a disagreement between two or more parties. It identifies two types of conflict - dysfunctional, which has negative attributes, and functional, which provides opportunities to improve situations and strengthen relationships. It also lists different levels that conflict can occur at from intra-personal to inter-organizational.
This document discusses management development, which is a systematic process for managers to develop their abilities. It aims to promote superior employees and give rise to planned programs. Several forces have caused an expansion of management development activities, including a shift to professionally managed enterprises and recognition of management as a distinct occupation. The document outlines objectives, processes, and techniques of management development, including on-the-job techniques like job rotation and understudy programs, and off-the-job techniques like case studies and behavior modeling. The success of management development programs depends on properly selecting techniques based on their suitability for the job.
Microfinance in India provides small loans, savings, and insurance to low-income individuals who lack access to traditional financial services. Common microfinance models in India include self-help groups and programs based on the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh. The microfinance sector has grown substantially over the past decade but still reaches only a small portion of the rural poor. Ongoing challenges include expanding access to remote areas, developing new products, and attracting long-term financing for continued growth.
3. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
MEANING:
Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of human
intellect, such as inventions; literary and artistic works;
designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce
all being the property of human mind and is similar to any
property, whether movable or immovable
4. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
RIGHTS (IPR):-
MEANING:
Intellectual property wherein the proprietor or the owner may
exclusively use his property at will and has the right to
prevent others from using it, without his permission. The
rights relating to intellectual property are known as
'Intellectual Property Rights'.
DIVERSIFICATIONOF IPR:
Copyrights and rights related to copyrights
Industrial Property
5. HISTORY OF IPR:
Till 19th century the term Intellectual Property Rights began
to be used
Until 20th century IPR became a common place in the world.
TYPES/TOOLs OF IPRs:
Copyrights and related rights.
Geographical Indications.
Trade Secrets.
Patents.
Trademarks.
Industrial Designs
6. WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION
(WTO)
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global
international organization dealing with the rules of trade
between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements,
negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world’s trading
nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal is to help
producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers
conduct their business
7. WORLD INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY ORGANIZATION(WIPO)
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is the
United Nations agency dedicated to the use of intellectual
property (patents, copyright, trademarks, designs, etc.) as a
means of stimulating innovation and creativity.
Some areas are not covered by Paris and Berne conventions of
the WIPO. In some cases, the standards of protection
prescribed were thought inadequate. So the TRIPS agreement
adds a significant number of new or higher standards.
8. TRIPS (TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OF
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS)
TRIPS is an international agreement administered by
the World Trade Organization (WTO) that sets down
minimum standards for many forms of intellectual
property (IP) regulation as applied to nationals of other WTO
Members.
It was negotiated at the end of the Uruguay Round of
the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1994.
9. PATENTS• PATENT originates from latin word “patere”.
• PATENT is statutory limited property right granted to Patentee for his invention.
•Patenting excludes others from producing patented product for
selling,importing,using.
• Original patentee’s permission is mandatory if same product with new added
features needs to be legally produced.
THINGS WHICH CAN NOT BE PATENTED:-
•Frivolous inventions or inventions contrary to well established law.
•Invention causing serious prejudice to health, human or plant life.
•Discovery of any living/non living thing or formulation of an abstract theory.
• Mere discovery of new property or new use of a known substance.
•Mere form of horticulture or agriculture.
10. PATENT LICENSING AND TERM OF PATENT
PATENT Licensing is a contract agreement which the patent owner(licensor)
agrees to forgo his right to sue the licensee for infringement of licensor’s patent
rights.
Usually infringement is in form of return of royalty or compensation.
Competitors licensing patents to each other is called cross-licensing agreements.
Done in order to share the benefits of each others patented inventions.
Term of patent in India is 20 years from date of filing patent application form.
Applications filed under Patent Co-operative Treaty (PCT) term starts from
international filing date.
Patent Agent is registered person with Indian Patent Office whose name is entered
in patent agent register.
After being declared qualified the patent agent examination is conducted by
patent office.
11.
12. OBLIGATIONS OF PATENTEE AND PROCESS FOR FILING PATENT
OUTSIDE INDIA
Every patentee has to maintain the patent by paying the renewal fee every year.
No renewal fee to be paid for 1st two years.
3rd year onwards renewal fee ought to be paid.
In case the renewal fee is not paid the patent will be ceased.
The patentee is required to take prior permission before filing patent
application outside India under following circumstances:-
The patentee applicant is Indian resident.
Patent has originated in India.
Patentee does not wish to file patent application in India before filing it abroad.
If Patentee is Indian resident and has filled application in India but 6 weeks
period is not over from the date of application filing.
The invention relates to Atomic energy or defense purpose.
13. COMMON CONTROVERSIES RELATING TO
PATENTS
Patent trolls are common criticism although some suggest they are
not bad.
Realigns market participant incentives.
Makes patent more liquid and clears the patent market.
Pharmaceutical patents prevents generic alternatives.
Maintains high prices for medication.
This makes a significant effect in developing countries.
5% of medicines in the list of essential medicines of WHO are
under patents.
Pharmaceutical industry has provided US $2billion for medicines.
Medicines provided at lower cost or even free of cost to poor.
Able to do so by using differential pricing and parallel imports.
14. PATENT AMENDMENT ACT 2002
Excludes any living or non-living substances in nature from being
patented.
Uniform term of patent protection is of 20 years.
Several provisions incorporated to protect bio-diversities and
traditional knowledge.
The provisions relating to national security have been strengthened.
15. PATENT AMENDMENT ACT, 2005
Emphasis on Indigenous manufacturers
Prevent "ever greening" of patents
Conditions for obtaining compulsory license
Reasonable period for negotiations between the
patent holder and companies seeking compulsory
license:
Exemption of research and development from the
ambit of patents
Product patent
17. Patent applications by filing route:
Direct and PCT system, 2012
PCT national phase entries (non-residents): 55%
Direct applications (non-residents): 45%
18. PATENT AMENDMENT ACT, 2005
Emphasis on Indigenous manufacturers
Prevent "ever greening" of patents
Conditions for obtaining compulsory license
Reasonable period for negotiations between the
patent holder and companies seeking compulsory
license:
Exemption of research and development from the
ambit of patents
Product patent
SR.NO PARAMETER INDIAN PATENT SYSTEM US PATENT SYSTEM
1.
Patent Act Patent ( Amendment) Act,2005
-23 chapters
-163 sections
35 US code
-4part
-34 chapters
-376 sections
2. Scope of Patent Act It covers utility patent
-Rest two are covered by
separate acts.
It covers
-Utility Patent
-Plant Patent
-Design Patent
3. Criteria for Patentability US patent act allows a discovery
of process, machine,
manufacture or composition of
matter to be patented if it
satisfies the criteria of novelty,
utility and non-obviousness.
While under Indian Patent Act, the
mere discovery of a new and useful
process or product is not
patentable.
4. Rule of Patent First to Invent First to File
5. Plant Patent It is not done in India It is done in US.
6. Business Patent It is not done in India It is done in US.
19. CASES
CASE STUDY 1-US International Trade Commission
Held That Apple Did Not Violate Google’s Patent
CASE STUDY 2-NOVARTIS
CASE STUDY 3-CASE STUDY BAJAJ AND TVS
PATENT ISSUES
20. TRADEMARKS
• A trademark is a distinctive sign that identifies certain goods or services
as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise.
• It may be one or a combination of words, letters, and numerals. They
may consist of drawings, symbols, three-dimensional signs such as the
shape and packaging of goods, audible signs such as music or vocal
sounds, fragrances, or colours used as distinguishing features.
Category:
1. Products – 34 classes
2. Services – 11classes
21. TRADEMARKS ORIGIN
The first modern trademark law in 19th century in France –
“Manufacture and Goods Mark Act”
1875 - The Trade Marks Registration Act, formal registration of
trade marks at the UK Patent Office for the first time.
1938 - UK first registration system based on the “intent-to-use”
principle “UK Trade Marks Act, 1938”
1940 - “Trade Marks Act, 1940, first statutory law in India similar
provision like the UK Trade Marks Act, 1938.
1958 - “Trade and Merchandise Marks Act, 1958”
1999 - “Trade Marks Act, 1999”
22. TYPES OF TRADEMARKS
Name: Name as trademark to distinguish the company name from
others and to establish brand name.
Symbol: Symbols denoting the company name with a sign, picture
which serves as an indicative mark.
23. Catchphrases: A catchphrase that is identifiable to a person or
company that is used to sell merchandise can be trademarked
“ I’m lovin’ it” ,
“ Believe in the best”,
“ connecting people”
Mascot: Any character humanly or imaginary can be trademarked to
denote and distinguish a product.
24. Lyrics: A songwriter’s lyrics can be trademarked to prevent it’s
infringement.
Monograms: Monogram art with the initials of the company can
also be trademarked.
Fragrances: LIVING MINT, Paris Hilton, Loreal
Audio: LG, Intel , Skype, Nokia, Samsung
25. A TRADEMARK MAY BE DESIGNATED BY THE
FOLLOWING SYMBOLS:
™ Unregistered trademark
℠ Service Mark
® Registered trademark
26. ADVANTAGES OF TRADEMARK
REGISTRATION
1) Goodwill in the business
2) Prevents misuse by other business firms.
3) Status of branded Goods yes no
4) Impression to customers of standard Products or Services
5) The exclusive right to the use of the trade mark in relation to the goods
or services in respect of which the trade mark is registered.
6) Relief in case of infringement (misuse by others) of the trade mark.
7) Power to assign (transfer) the trade mark to others for consideration.
27. PROVISIONS IN TRIPS
WTO member countries are obliged to grant full protection to the
registered trademarks.
TRIPS aims that the members provide the maximum protection to
this mark, in accordance with this Agreement and other relevant
conventions on trademarks, to everyone carrying on business.
The agreement defines what types of signs must be eligible for
protection as trademarks, registration process, term period of
trademark, renewal period and what the minimum rights conferred
on their owners must be.
It says that service marks must be protected in the same way as
trademarks used for goods. Marks that have become well-known in a
particular country enjoy additional protection.
28. THE TRADEMARK ACTS IN INDIA
Current Governing Law
Trade Marks Act, 1999 – Mechanism of registration, protection of trademark and
prevention of fraudulent trademark.
Provides for the rights acquired by registration of trademark, modes of transfer and
assignment of the rights, nature of infringements, penalties for such infringement and
remedies available to the owner in case of such infringement.
Amendment (2010)
Protection of Indian trade marks in other countries (in line with Madrid Protocol.)
International registration of trade marks - Allows Indian and foreign nationals to
register Trade Marks simultaneously in other countries.
Major changes - Registration process to be completed in a time bound manner "within
18 months of the filing of the application".
Increased time period of filing a notice of opposition of published applications, from 3
months to 4 months.
Simplified provisions for transfer of ownership by assignment or transmission.
International registration period – 10 years
Renewal period – 10 years (from the expiry of the preceding period)
Grace period for renewal – 6 months
29. TRADEMARK INFRINGEMENT
Violation of exclusive rights attaching to a trademark without the authorization
of the trademark owner or any licensee causing resembles to the product.
The grounds of refusal of trademarks can be
Absolute
Relative
Penalty for Violating a trademark
Injunction
Monetary Damages
Attorney’s Fees
30. Search
Trademark Application
Issuance of Official Receipt and
trademark No.
Official Hearing
Response
Response Accepted?
Acceptance
Publication
[Opposition 3 Months]
Registration
Renewal
REGISTRATION PROCESS
yes
no
31. -6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
GrowthRate[%]
Application Year
Trend in Trademark Application class cases count
worldwide
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
GrowthRtae[%]
Registration Year
Trend in trademark registration class counts worldwide
32. COMPARISION OF INDIA & USA TRADE
MARKSSr.
No
PARAMETER INDIA TRADEMARK LAWS USA TRADEMARK LAWS
1. GOVERNANCE Trademark Act,1999 United States trademark law is mainly
governed by the Lanham Act
2. MEANING According to Section 2 (zb) of the Trade
Marks Act, 1999, “trade mark means a
mark capable of being represented
graphically and which is capable of
distinguishing the goods or services of
one person from those of others and
may include shape of goods, their
packaging and combination of colors.”
A trademark is a word, phrase, or logo
that identifies the source of goods or
services. Trademark law protects a
business' commercial identity or brand by
discouraging other businesses from
adopting a name or logo that is
"confusingly similar" to an existing
trademark.
3. USE OF T.M
AND
® SYMBOLS.
Generally one who has filed an
application (pending registration) can
use a T.M (Trademark) designation with
a mark to alert public of its exclusive
claim.
The registration ® symbol may only be
used when the mark is registered.
™ signifies common law trademark
rights. Businesses automatically receive
common law trademark rights by using a
brand name or logo in the normal course
of commerce.
® Signifies a registered trademark. The
® symbol may only be used on a
trademark that has been examined,
approved and registered with the USPTO
4. TERM OF
REGISTRATIO
N
The term of registration of trademark is
10 years but may be renewed subject
to the payment of the prescribed fee in
accordance with the Provisions of
A U.S. trademark generally lasts as long
as the trademark is used in commerce
and defended against infringement
34. INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
ORIGIN : Designing and Printing of Linen Act(1787)U.K
Design Act,1911 British Govt. in India
Indian Design Act,2000
DESIGN : A Design refers to the :
•Features of shape, configuration, pattern, ornamentation or
composition of lines or colors applied to any article,
• In two or three dimensional (or both) forms.
•Applied by any industrial process or means (manual, mechanical or
chemical) separately or by a combined process,
•Which in the finished article appeals to and judged solely by the eye
35. EXAMPLE OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL DESIGN
EXAMPLE OF A TWO-DIMENSIONAL DESIGN
36. ADVANTAGES OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
•Attractive and appealing
•Prevent its unauthorized copying or imitation by others
•Fair return on investment
•Increases the commercial value
•A protected design may also be licensed(or sold) to others for a
fee
•Fair competition and honest trade practices
37. INDIAN DESIGN ACT,2000 THE
(‘CONTROLLER GENERAL OF PATENTS, DESIGNS AND TRADE
MARKS’APPOINTED SHALL BE THE CONTROLLER FOR
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN)
MAIN PROVISIONS OF THE ACT
•Essential requirements for registration.
•Exclusion from the scope of design.
•Classification of designs : section 5(3).Rule 10, 11.The third schedule.
•Design licensing .
•Cancelation of registered design.
•Security of India section 34, 46.
•Copyright in registered designs
•Requirements before delivery on sales.
•Provisions as to exhibitions.
• Piracy of registered design section 5(6), 22.
38. TEN STEP FOR REGISTRATION OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
Step 1 : FINDING OUT WHETHER ANY REGISTRATION
ALREADY EXISTS
Step 2 : PREPARING A REPRESENTATION OF THE DESIGN
Step 3 : IDENTIFYING THE CLASS OF DESIGN
Step 4 : PROVIDING A STATEMENT OF NOVELTY
Step 5 : INCLUDING A DISCLAIMER
39. TEN STEP FOR REGISTRATION OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
Step 6 : CLAIMING A PRIORITY DATE
Step 7: DETERMINING THE FEE TO BE PAID
Step 10 : PROVIDING FULL DETAILS
Step 9 : COMPLYING WITH OBJECTIONS (IF ANY)
Step 8 : ENSURING ALL ENCLOSURES ARE ATTACHED
40. DESIGN FILING
Filling an application
Comply with the
objections within 2
months of receipt of
report
Receive Application No.
Receive Examination
Report
Abandoned
Hearing If
objection is
contested
Refusal
Appeal to High
Court
In Case of
allowance of
Appeal
Waiving/removal of
objections Acceptance
Publication
Issue Of Certificate
41. Applications design counts by filing route:
Direct and Hague System, 2012
57%
43%
Hague non-resident
Direct non-resident
42. Application design counts for middle- and low-income
countries, 2012
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
India Brazil Mexico Thailand South
Africa
8545
6563
4137 3481
2361
Counts
Counts
Note: Application design counts consist of adding the number of designs
contained in direct applications together with the number of designs contained
in Hague System designations received by offices (where applicable).
43. COMPARISION OF INDIA & OMANSR.
NO.
PARAMETER INDIA OMAN
1. ACT India's Design Act, 2000 is enacted to
consolidate and amend the law relating to
protection of design and to comply with the
articles 25 and 26 of TRIPS agreement
Industrial design law in Oman is governed by the
Industrial Property Law issued by Royal Decree No
67/2008 which was later amended by Royal
Decree No 131/2008
2. CRITERIA FOR
REGISTRATION
Design should ne new and original.
Design should related to shape,
configuration, pattern or ornamentation of
article.
Design should not include any trademark or
property mark or artistic work.
Be novel in the sense that it has not been
disclosed the public prior to the date of the
application for registration.
Have an individual character that
distinguishes the design to a sufficient degree
from all designs disclosed the public anywhere in
the world
3. EXEMPTION
FROM
REGISTRATION
A design which is not
New or original
Has been disclosed to public in anywhere in
India or any other country by publication in
tangible form.
Is not distinguishable from known designs
or combination of known designs.
Comprise or contains scandalous or
obscene matter, shall not be registered.
Any aspect of the design which is solely
dictated by a technical character.
Designs which are contrary to public order
and morals.
4. DURATION The total time for registered is up to 15 years.
Initially the right is granted up to a period of 10
years and is extended up to a period of 5 years.
The law grants the owner of the design a
protection that initially lasts for 5 years, which can
be renewed for up to a maximum of 15 years.