This document discusses the crisis of Greek civilization after the Peloponnesian War. It introduces several famous Greek philosophers from this era including Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It focuses on Aristotle, describing him as a "lover of knowledge" who used deductive reasoning to logically deduce conclusions from true premises, such as deducing that the world was round centuries before Columbus. The document provides an example of deductive reasoning using frogs and concludes with an assignment asking students to use deductive reasoning to deduce the location of a party and where out-of-towners will stay.

1. Introduction
Unit 4
Post Classic Greece
World History
#27

2. The Crisis of Greek Civilization
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Control of Greece after the Peloponnesian War
The Concept of Pan-Hellenism (Isocrates)
The Sophists – group of philosophers
Famous Philosophers
- Socrates “Socratic Method”
- Plato “Theory of the Forms”
- Aristotle “Golden Mean & Deductive Reasoning”

3. Aristotle was a Philosopher
“Lover of Knowledge”
• The Gods didn’t make things happen
• There was a logical reason to be found
• Example – He logically deduced the world
was round almost 2,000 yrs before Columbus
• He wasn’t right all the time, but..
• He came up with a systematic way to figure
things out

4. Deductive Reasoning
• General Info ------ Specific Answer
• Example of Deductive Reasoning
1. (Premise) Frogs can Swim
2. (Premise) This is a Frog
3. (Conclusion) Therefore This Frog can Swim
• The frog will be able to swim & you don’t have
to throw it in the pond to find out
• Provided the Premises are True and your argument
is valid…then the conclusion is Guaranteed
Partner Assignment – 30 pts

5. Can you and your partner
logically deduce……
1. The location of the party?
2. Where the out-of-towners will stay?
• Fastest to finish will also earn extra credit
1st - +10
40 / 30 - Score
2nd - +8
3rd - +6
* Use Scratch Paper*
4th - +4
5th - +2

6. Can you and your partner
logically deduce……
1. The location of the party?
2. Where the out-of-towners will stay?
• Fastest to finish will also earn extra credit
1st - +10
40 / 30 - Score
2nd - +8
3rd - +6
* Use Scratch Paper*
4th - +4
5th - +2