This document provides an overview of the European Green Deal policy framework and expectations from energy efficiency projects funded by DG ENER. It summarizes key points of the European Green Deal including increasing the 2030 climate target to at least 50% emissions reductions, a European Climate Law, and plans to mobilize industry and finance for green transition. It also outlines the main changes from the revised Energy Efficiency Directive including new energy savings obligations for member states. Finally, it lists expectations from several projects related to better quantifying the benefits of energy efficiency, assessing impacts of trends on demand, and improving modeling and tools.
Determining primary energy factors for electricityLeonardo ENERGY
A primary energy factor (PEF) for electricity describes the ratio between end-user consumption of electricity and primary energy consumption. In recent years, the EU has implemented regulatory use of PEFs in the energy policy framework. As a result, PEFs now play a role in the regulation of production and consumption of electricity throughout Europe.
A key challenge is the lack of professional and/or political agreement on how the PEF shall be determined. Up until today, approaches used to determine PEFs have lacked foundation in objective methodologies, and the discussions have often been plagued by sectorial interest and political goals. Regulatory application of PEFs can create enormous challenges for European authorities and other energy market interests in the future. Depending on the case, the determination of a PEF may push end-users to alter their consumption of energy, decisions on energy efficiency and/or choice of energy fuels. Thus, PEFs may affect European countries’ ability to achieve long-term energy- and climate goals.
Determining primary energy factors for electricityLeonardo ENERGY
A primary energy factor (PEF) for electricity describes the ratio between end-user consumption of electricity and primary energy consumption. In recent years, the EU has implemented regulatory use of PEFs in the energy policy framework. As a result, PEFs now play a role in the regulation of production and consumption of electricity throughout Europe.
A key challenge is the lack of professional and/or political agreement on how the PEF shall be determined. Up until today, approaches used to determine PEFs have lacked foundation in objective methodologies, and the discussions have often been plagued by sectorial interest and political goals. Regulatory application of PEFs can create enormous challenges for European authorities and other energy market interests in the future. Depending on the case, the determination of a PEF may push end-users to alter their consumption of energy, decisions on energy efficiency and/or choice of energy fuels. Thus, PEFs may affect European countries’ ability to achieve long-term energy- and climate goals.
More than 20 years ago, the EU vowed to fight the newly identified danger of climate change. Over time, it has developed a policy which is two-fold: on one hand, it looks at ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions inside EU borders and now has 2050 as horizon; on the other hand, it tends to lead by example and to push other big emitters to gather around similar emission reduction objectives.
Pursuing the idea of giving a price to carbon, the EU has put in place an instrument that would lead it towards decarbonisation: the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). Launched in 2005, it has today become a complex system which is being reproduced in other parts of the world. The ultimate vision is one of a global carbon market leading to a significant reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and thus mitigating the impact of climate change.
Energy efficiency first – retrofitting the building stock finalLeonardo ENERGY
Retrofitting the building stock is a challenging undertaking in many respects - including costs. Can it nevertheless qualify as a measure under the Energy Efficiency First principle? Which methods can be applied for the assessment and what are the results in terms of the cost-effectiveness of retrofitting the entire residential building stock? How do the results differ for minimization of energy use, CO2 emissions and costs? And which policy conclusions can be drawn?
This presentation was used during the 18th webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy on February 3, 2022.
A link to the recording: https://youtu.be/4pw_9hpA_64
Energy efficiency, structural change and energy savings in the manufacturing ...Leonardo ENERGY
The first part of the presentations presents the energy efficiency improvements in the manufacturing sector since 2000, and the role of structural change between the different branches and energy savings. It will compare the improvements in Denmark and other countries with EU average. This part is based on ODYSSEE data.
The second part of the presentation presents the development in Denmark in more detail, and it will compare the energy efficiency improvement, corrected for structural change, with the reported savings from the Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme.
Recordings of the live webinar are on https://youtu.be/VVAdw_CS51A
Energy and mobility poverty: Will the Social Climate Fund be enough to delive...Leonardo ENERGY
Prior to the current soaring energy prices across Europe, the European Commission proposed, as part of the FitFor55 climate and energy package, the EU Social Climate Fund to mitigate the expected social impact of extending the EU ETS to transport and heating.
The report presented in this webinar provides an update of the European Energy Poverty Index, published for the first time in 2019, which shows the combined effect of energy and mobility poverty across Member States. Beyond the regular update of the index, the report provides analysis of the existing EU policy framework related to energy and transport poverty. France is used as a case study given the “yellow vest” movement, which was triggered by the proposed carbon tax on fuels.
Watch the recordings of the webinar:
https://youtu.be/i1Jdd3H05t0
Addressing flexibility and decarbonization of energy systems through TIMES mo...IEA-ETSAP
Addressing flexibility and decarbonization of energy systems through TIMES modelling: the case of European Islands.
Ms. Sophie Chlela, Centre for Applied Mathematics (CMA), MINES Paristech
Highlights:
* Reports on the seminar “Electricity in the next decade” regarding “Low carbon electricity systems”.
* Captures the technologies involved as well as the views and findings of specialists active in the sustainable energy field.
* Describes low carbon electricity generation, networks and services.
* Looks at technology, impact, challenges faced and benefits of each stage.
* Provides an objective, scientific view on the electricity system of the next decade.
Access to energy is at the heart of the economic development of any country. This slide shows the fundamental differences between renewable and non-renewable energy sources. To cope with climate change and to guarantee the planet survival, the world needs to take urgent action. In this scenario, solar energy is leading the energy shift. Furthermore, with declining investments cost, producing solar electricity for the purpose of self-consumption is on the rise. A solar self- consumption installation uses the PV electricity generated on-site to meet the energy needs of the consumer while minimizing or excluding the use of electricity from the utility grid.
Does the EU Emission Trading Scheme ETS Promote Energy Efficiency?Leonardo ENERGY
This policy brief analyzes the main interacting mechanisms between the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) and the EU Emission Trading Scheme (ETS). It presents a detailed top-down approach, based on the ODYSSEE energy indicators, to identify energy savings from the EU ETS.
The main task consists in isolating those factors that contribute to the change in energy consumption of industrial branches covered by the EU ETS, and the energy transformation sector (mainly the electricity sector).
Speaker:
Wolfgang Eichhammer (Head of the Competence Center Energy Policy and Energy Markets @Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI)
The recordings of this webinar can be watched via:
https://youtu.be/TS6PxIvtaKY
Although the European Union had legislated in the area of energy policy for many years, the concept of introducing a mandatory and comprehensive European energy policy was for a long time not approved. With the Treaty of Lisbon this changed. The Treaty includes legal solidarity in matters of energy supply and gives the EU the right to change energy policy within the EU.
Following the adoption of the Kyoto protocol, the EU set out in implementing the greenhouse gas reductions goals. Given the flagship initiative at the time of Europe 2020, the climate and energy package that was proposed in 2007 and adopted in 2009 took the form of the 20 20 20 by 2020 goals. The package is a set of binding legislation to ensure the EU meets its climate and energy targets by the year 2020. It includes three key targets:
* 20% cut in greenhouse gas emissions (from 1990 levels)
* 20% of EU energy from renewables
* 20% improvement in energy efficiency
Introduction to the Energy Efficiency DirectiveLeonardo ENERGY
The Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) was adopted in 2012 and is one of the EU’s four key Directives addressing energy efficiency in stationary (i.e. non transport) end-uses (the others being the Energy Performance in Buildings Directive, The Ecodesign Directive and the Energy Labelling Directive). Given that the other Directives cover the energy performance of buildings and equipment the EED is designed to address energy savings opportunities that are not readily addressed by the other Directives. It has its origin in the preceding Energy Services Directive, which was repealed when the EED was adopted. The Energy Efficiency Directive establishes a set of binding measures intended to help the EU reach its 20% energy efficiency target by 2020. Under the Directive, all EU countries are required to use energy more efficiently at all stages of the energy chain from its production to its final consumption. EU countries were required to transpose the Directive's provisions into their national laws by 5 June 2014.
The Environmental Protection Agency, Ireland (EPA) as part of the National Dialogue on Climate Action hosted Dr Artur Runge-Metzger of the EU Commission who gave a talk on 'The European Green Deal – Towards a climate-neutral EU by 2050'.
You can watch the full talk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqKMcggIMFU
The EPA's Climate Change lecture series has been running since late 2007, bringing a range of Irish and international speakers to the Round Room in The Mansion House, Dublin to update Irish audiences on the science of climate change, and our possible responses to it.
More than 20 years ago, the EU vowed to fight the newly identified danger of climate change. Over time, it has developed a policy which is two-fold: on one hand, it looks at ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions inside EU borders and now has 2050 as horizon; on the other hand, it tends to lead by example and to push other big emitters to gather around similar emission reduction objectives.
Pursuing the idea of giving a price to carbon, the EU has put in place an instrument that would lead it towards decarbonisation: the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). Launched in 2005, it has today become a complex system which is being reproduced in other parts of the world. The ultimate vision is one of a global carbon market leading to a significant reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and thus mitigating the impact of climate change.
Energy efficiency first – retrofitting the building stock finalLeonardo ENERGY
Retrofitting the building stock is a challenging undertaking in many respects - including costs. Can it nevertheless qualify as a measure under the Energy Efficiency First principle? Which methods can be applied for the assessment and what are the results in terms of the cost-effectiveness of retrofitting the entire residential building stock? How do the results differ for minimization of energy use, CO2 emissions and costs? And which policy conclusions can be drawn?
This presentation was used during the 18th webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy on February 3, 2022.
A link to the recording: https://youtu.be/4pw_9hpA_64
Energy efficiency, structural change and energy savings in the manufacturing ...Leonardo ENERGY
The first part of the presentations presents the energy efficiency improvements in the manufacturing sector since 2000, and the role of structural change between the different branches and energy savings. It will compare the improvements in Denmark and other countries with EU average. This part is based on ODYSSEE data.
The second part of the presentation presents the development in Denmark in more detail, and it will compare the energy efficiency improvement, corrected for structural change, with the reported savings from the Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme.
Recordings of the live webinar are on https://youtu.be/VVAdw_CS51A
Energy and mobility poverty: Will the Social Climate Fund be enough to delive...Leonardo ENERGY
Prior to the current soaring energy prices across Europe, the European Commission proposed, as part of the FitFor55 climate and energy package, the EU Social Climate Fund to mitigate the expected social impact of extending the EU ETS to transport and heating.
The report presented in this webinar provides an update of the European Energy Poverty Index, published for the first time in 2019, which shows the combined effect of energy and mobility poverty across Member States. Beyond the regular update of the index, the report provides analysis of the existing EU policy framework related to energy and transport poverty. France is used as a case study given the “yellow vest” movement, which was triggered by the proposed carbon tax on fuels.
Watch the recordings of the webinar:
https://youtu.be/i1Jdd3H05t0
Addressing flexibility and decarbonization of energy systems through TIMES mo...IEA-ETSAP
Addressing flexibility and decarbonization of energy systems through TIMES modelling: the case of European Islands.
Ms. Sophie Chlela, Centre for Applied Mathematics (CMA), MINES Paristech
Highlights:
* Reports on the seminar “Electricity in the next decade” regarding “Low carbon electricity systems”.
* Captures the technologies involved as well as the views and findings of specialists active in the sustainable energy field.
* Describes low carbon electricity generation, networks and services.
* Looks at technology, impact, challenges faced and benefits of each stage.
* Provides an objective, scientific view on the electricity system of the next decade.
Access to energy is at the heart of the economic development of any country. This slide shows the fundamental differences between renewable and non-renewable energy sources. To cope with climate change and to guarantee the planet survival, the world needs to take urgent action. In this scenario, solar energy is leading the energy shift. Furthermore, with declining investments cost, producing solar electricity for the purpose of self-consumption is on the rise. A solar self- consumption installation uses the PV electricity generated on-site to meet the energy needs of the consumer while minimizing or excluding the use of electricity from the utility grid.
Does the EU Emission Trading Scheme ETS Promote Energy Efficiency?Leonardo ENERGY
This policy brief analyzes the main interacting mechanisms between the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) and the EU Emission Trading Scheme (ETS). It presents a detailed top-down approach, based on the ODYSSEE energy indicators, to identify energy savings from the EU ETS.
The main task consists in isolating those factors that contribute to the change in energy consumption of industrial branches covered by the EU ETS, and the energy transformation sector (mainly the electricity sector).
Speaker:
Wolfgang Eichhammer (Head of the Competence Center Energy Policy and Energy Markets @Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI)
The recordings of this webinar can be watched via:
https://youtu.be/TS6PxIvtaKY
Although the European Union had legislated in the area of energy policy for many years, the concept of introducing a mandatory and comprehensive European energy policy was for a long time not approved. With the Treaty of Lisbon this changed. The Treaty includes legal solidarity in matters of energy supply and gives the EU the right to change energy policy within the EU.
Following the adoption of the Kyoto protocol, the EU set out in implementing the greenhouse gas reductions goals. Given the flagship initiative at the time of Europe 2020, the climate and energy package that was proposed in 2007 and adopted in 2009 took the form of the 20 20 20 by 2020 goals. The package is a set of binding legislation to ensure the EU meets its climate and energy targets by the year 2020. It includes three key targets:
* 20% cut in greenhouse gas emissions (from 1990 levels)
* 20% of EU energy from renewables
* 20% improvement in energy efficiency
Introduction to the Energy Efficiency DirectiveLeonardo ENERGY
The Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) was adopted in 2012 and is one of the EU’s four key Directives addressing energy efficiency in stationary (i.e. non transport) end-uses (the others being the Energy Performance in Buildings Directive, The Ecodesign Directive and the Energy Labelling Directive). Given that the other Directives cover the energy performance of buildings and equipment the EED is designed to address energy savings opportunities that are not readily addressed by the other Directives. It has its origin in the preceding Energy Services Directive, which was repealed when the EED was adopted. The Energy Efficiency Directive establishes a set of binding measures intended to help the EU reach its 20% energy efficiency target by 2020. Under the Directive, all EU countries are required to use energy more efficiently at all stages of the energy chain from its production to its final consumption. EU countries were required to transpose the Directive's provisions into their national laws by 5 June 2014.
The Environmental Protection Agency, Ireland (EPA) as part of the National Dialogue on Climate Action hosted Dr Artur Runge-Metzger of the EU Commission who gave a talk on 'The European Green Deal – Towards a climate-neutral EU by 2050'.
You can watch the full talk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqKMcggIMFU
The EPA's Climate Change lecture series has been running since late 2007, bringing a range of Irish and international speakers to the Round Room in The Mansion House, Dublin to update Irish audiences on the science of climate change, and our possible responses to it.
Addressing the Energy Efficiency First Principle in a National Energy and Cli...Leonardo ENERGY
When designing energy and climate policies, EU Member States have to apply the Energy Efficiency First Principle: priority should be given to measures reducing energy consumption before other decarbonization interventions are adopted. This webinar summarizes elements of the energy and climate policy of Cyprus illustrating how national authorities have addressed this principle so far, and outline challenges towards its much more rigorous implementation that is required in the coming years.
A policy perspective on Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS)Leonardo ENERGY
Improved management of technical building systems (TBS) can offer a cost-effective potential to reduce building energy consumption, improve the quality of life of occupants and facilitate the integration of renewable energy systems by providing flexibility to the connected energy grids.
Multiple policy initiatives related to BACS currently exist or are under development. This presentation will give an overview and some examples of European policy tools and/or local implementations. The most relevant policy tools that can help contribute accessing these savings potentials are the Energy Performance in Buildings Directive (EPBD), the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED), Ecodesign Directive (ED) and Energy Labelling Regulation (ELR).
Some examples of existing policy will be given and reference will be made to the recently completed Smart Readiness Indicator study and the ongoing Ecodesign BACS preparatory study.
Energy Efficiency Resolution Lib Int Congress 2009Centerpartiet
Resolution to the Liberal International Congress in Cairo 2009. Resolution on Energy Efficiency.
Resolution till Liberala Internationalens kongressi Kairo 2009. Resolution om Energieffektivisering.
Presentation from the 2013 Atlantic Council Energy & Economic Summit expanded ministerial meeting. Presented by Giovanni F. De Santi, director, DG Joint Research Centre, Institute for Energy and Transport (IET)
OECD-CEFIM Focus Group Discussion: Implementation and technical design elements of ETS schemes, 14 December 2021, Paris
Similar to Introduction to the policy framework, the most relevant points of the calls including the expectations that DG ENER has from the projects (20)
En esta guía podréis encontrar las principales claves derivadas del proyecto INTER-ACT (EDU2017-88666-R), para llevar a cabo con éxito Grupos Interactivos y Tertulias Literarias Dialógicas con alumnado con y sin necesidades educativas especiales.
Impactos positivos que los Grupos Interactivo y las Tertulias Literarias Dialógicas, ambos entornos interactivos de aprendizaje, generan cuando se implementan en contextos de diversidad funcional.
Estrategias que han mostrado ser efectivas para una implementación de éxito de Grupos Interactivo y Tertulias Literarias Dialógicas cuando en ellas participa alumnado con discapacidades u otras necesidades educativas especiales.
These are the supporting materials used by the different speakers of the H2020 WHY project opening session. This evento was held on September 10, 2020.
These are the supporting materials used by the different speakers of the H2020 WHY project opening session. This evento was held on September 10, 2020.
These are the supporting materials used by the different speakers of the H2020 WHY project opening session. This evento was held on September 10, 2020.
These are the supporting materials used by the different speakers of the H2020 WHY project opening session. This evento was held on September 10, 2020.
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UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
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By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
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Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Introduction to the policy framework, the most relevant points of the calls including the expectations that DG ENER has from the projects
1. Introduction to the policy
framework, the most relevant points
of the calls including the
expectations that DG ENER has from
the projects
Maciej Grzeszczyk, DG ENER C3
2. Energy Union
2. Integrated
energy market
5. Energy security,
solidarity and trust
4. Decarbonising
the economy
1. Energy
Efficiency
3. Research,
Innovation and
Competitiveness
ENERGY UNION STRATEGY
Modernised economy
Renewable energyand
efficiency
Fair and social transition
3.
4. Energy efficiency related legislation
• Revised Energy Performance of Buildings Directive
(EPBD) entry into force – 9 July 2018.
• Revised Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) – entry
into force 24 December 2018.
• New Regulation on the Governance of the Energy
Union and Climate Action - entry into force 24
December 2018.
• In preparation/under negotiation - revised or new
ecodesign & energy labelling regulations.
LATEST STATUS
5. Overview - main outcomes of the EED revision
• A new energy efficiency target for the EU for 2030 of 32.5%, with an upwards
revision clause by 2023.
• Extended energy savings obligation to achieve new annual energy savings of at least
0.8% (of final energy consumption) during the next period 2021-2030 and beyond,
coming from new energy efficiency renovations or other measures in end-use sectors
(~13% more ambitious than in the period 2014-2020).
• Strengthened rules on individual metering and billing of thermal energy (better
information for consumers).
• The updated Directive will tackle existing market, behavioural and regulatory barriers in
order to increase security of supply, competitiveness of EU industries, reduce energy
bills of consumers and health costs for society, thereby also addressing energy
poverty and exploiting the positive impacts on economic growth and
employment.
• The Member States shall transpose the Directive into their national law within 18 months of it
coming into force, except for the provisions on meteringand billing, for which the deadlineis 22
months.
• Member States have the discretion to transpose the new elements earlier.
MAIN CHANGES
6. The European Green Deal
The
European
Green
Deal
Mobilising industry
for a clean and circular economy
Preserving and restoring
ecosystems and biodiversity
Leave no one behind
(Just Transition)
From ‘Farm to Fork’: a fair,
healthy and environmentally
friendly food system
Building and renovating in an
energy and resource efficient way
Accelerating the shift to
sustainable and smart mobility
Increasing the EU’s Climate
ambition for 2030 and 2050
Supplying clean, affordable
and secure energy
Financing the transition
A zero pollution ambition
for a toxic-free environment
A European
Climate Pact
The EU as a
global leader
Mobilising research
and fostering innovation
Transforming the
EU’s economy for a
sustainable future
And leave
No one behind
7. The European Green Deal
A European
Climate Pact
The EU as a
global leader
National Energy Climate Plans
Assessment
(by September 2020)
Smart Sector Integration Strategy
(July 2020)
Also in 2020
• Building renovation wave Q3/2020
• Strategy for offshore renewable
energy Q4/2020
• Trans-European Networks – Energy
Q4/2020
March 2020:
European Climate Law Proposal
European Climate Pact launch
EU Industrial Strategy
Circular Economy Action Plan
Biodiversity Strategy
Plan to increase 2030 targets
(September 2020)
Farm to Fork Strategy
(Spring 2020)
Proposal for a
Just Transition
Mechanism
(January 2020)
Legislation on Batteries
(October 2020)
Also in 2020
• Proposal to support
zero-carbon steel
making
• Strategy for
sustainable and smart
mobility
• New EU Forestry
Strategy
Renewed Sustainable
Finance Strategy
(Autumn 2020)
CROSS-CUTTINGENERGY
8. The European Green Deal
The
European
Green
Deal
• European ‘Climate Law’ enshrining the 2050 climate
neutrality objective in legislation by March 2020
• Comprehensive plan to increase the EU’s climate
target for 2030 to at least 50% and towards 55% in a
responsible way by October 2020
• Review and revise where needed all relevant
legislative measures to deliver on this increased
ambition by June 2021
• Carbon border adjustment mechanism for selected
sectors by 2021.
• A new EU Strategy on Adaptation in 2020/2021
Increasing the EU’s Climate
ambition for 2030 and 2050
A European
Climate Pact
The EU as a
global leader
June 2021:
• Proposal for legislative revisions, where
relevant, following review of EU ETS
Directive, ESR, LULUCF, EED, RED, CO2
emissions performance standards for
cars and vans.
Also in 2021:
• Review of the relevant State Aid
guidelines, including for environment and
energy.
2021
9. Collective recovery and common future
Two-fold response to mobilise the necessary funds:
A package for workers, businesses and sovereigns
already endorsed by the European Council on 23
April 2020 – €540 billion
Next Generation EU to
temporarily boost the
financial firepowerof
the EU budget with
funds raised on the
capital markets –
€750 billion
Reinforced long-
term budget of the
European Union
for 2021-2027 –
€1074 billion
10. Expectations from the projects (1)
• Further support to operationalise the EEF
principle – examples and areas of application
input to the Commission guidance
• Methodology and information on all benefits of
energy efficiency
• Identification of the right measures for sectors
• New ways of assessing the impacts of EE
measures
ENERFIRST
SEEnergies
EERAdata
11. Expectations from the projects (2)
• Impacts of different societal trends and
behavioural aspects on energy demand –
interactions with other trends
• Concrete solutions to improve the modelling
• Presenting ways of using the smart meter data
• More information on energy consumption
patterns from different appliances group
• Impacts of eco-design legislation
• Rebound and wealth effects on electricity
consumption
• Impact of digitalisation on energy consumption
– consumer vs technology
NEWTRENDS
WHY
12. Expectations from the projects (3)
• Improvement of the COMBI tool
• More comprehensive assessment and
quantification of the wider benefits
• Possibility to update/ revise with new EC
modelling scenarios
• Making sure that other projects in the area are
well considered
• A tool that could be adjusted and updated
• Good explanation of the results and
assumptions
MICAT
REFEREE