This document provides an introduction to the electromagnetic spectrum. It begins with an activity to introduce key concepts like wavelength, frequency, amplitude, and other wave properties. It then discusses how electromagnetic waves are created by changing electric and magnetic fields. The different types of electromagnetic waves are presented, ranging from radio waves to gamma rays. Key differences in their wavelengths and frequencies are highlighted. The document concludes with activities to review and apply the concepts learned about the electromagnetic spectrum.

1. Introduction to
Electromagnetic
Spectrum
Mountain Province General Comprehensive High
School
Lesson 1 2nd Quarter
©Princess Daryl Ayochok Marquez

2. GUESS THE
MYSTERY WORD
1. It is a disturbance in space
A V W E
W A V E

3. GUESS THE
MYSTERY WORD
2. It is the highest point in the wave
S E C R T
C R E S T

4. GUESS THE
MYSTERY WORD
3. It is the lowest point in the wave
T G H U R O
T R O U G H

5. GUESS THE
MYSTERY WORD
4. It is the distance from the midpoint to the highest
point or lowest point of the wave
LMUP TDEA I
AMP L I TUDE

6. GUESS THE
MYSTERY WORD
5. It is the distance between two successive identical parts
of a wave
ENEV TGWL AH
WAVE L ENGTH

7. GUESS THE
MYSTERY WORD
6. It refers to the number of waves produced in one
second
NEQFCEURY
FREQUENCY

8. INQUIRY
1. What is being
created as you
move the ropes?
2. How will you make
the waves go
bigger/higher?
3. How will you make
the waves go
shorter?
SPEED
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE is created
when you move an electronically
charged object back and forth in an

9. ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE
• Hans Christian Oersted
• Changing electric field
produces magnetic field
• Michael Faraday
• Changing magnetic field
produces electric field
Electric
and
magnetic
waves
carry
energy
as it

10. ELECTRO
MAGNETI
C WAVE
Travel as
vibrations in
electrical and
magnetic
fields

11. ELECTRO
MAGNETI
C WAVE

12. ELECTRO
MAGNETI
C WAVE
Travel through
anything- with a
medium or
through a
vacuum (outer
space)

13. ELECTROMAGNETIC
WAVE
What if EM waves do not travel through space?
a. the light and heat from the sun would not be able
to reach us here on earth
b. there will be no radio waves that travel in the walls
of your rooms
c. you will not be able to send messages to your
loved ones

14. ELECTROMAGNETIC
WAVE
How does a medium affect the speed at which
electromagnetic waves travel?
oThrough a medium – slower speeds
- but can travel a million times faster
than a sound can travel in air
oThrough a vacuum/ empty space – speed at 3x108 m/s
denoted as c, the speed of light

15. EM WAVE: wavelength &
frequency
Though
waves travel
at the same
speed, they
still have
different
wavelengths
and
frequencies

16. wavelength
•Distance between crest to crest or
the distance between trough to
trough

17. frequency
•Number of wave per second

18. Electromagnetic
spectrum
• continuum of electromagnetic
waves arranged according to
frequency and wavelength
• What are the waves that you
encountered in your
Scavenger Hunt?

19. Electromagnetic spectrum

20. Electromagnetic spectrum
•Electromagnetic wave characteristics:
•short wavelengths have a high frequency
•long wavelengths have a low frequency
•Electromagnetic waves’ energy:
•high frequency waves have high energy
•low frequency waves have low energy

21. Electromagnetic spectrum

22. Who am
i?

23. Who am
i?
1. This wave has the
longest wavelength
greater than 1x10^-1
meters and the shortest
frequency, which is less
than 3x10^8 Hertz in the
Electromagnetic
spectrum?

24. Who am
i?
1. This wave has the
longest wavelength
greater than 1x10^-1
meters and the shortest
frequency, which is less
than 3x10^8 Hertz in the
Electromagnetic
spectrum?

25. Radio wave
• Longest wavelength =
shortest frequency
• Used to transmit sound and
picture information over long
distances which can be seen
in the Global Positioning
Systems (GPS) in order for us
to be located where we are on
Earth

26. Radio wave
• Used to connect the satellites
in order to receive signal and
gives us direction

27. Who am
i?
2. This wave is opposite to
a radio wave which has
the smallest wavelength
1x10^-12 meters, the
highest frequency greater
than 3x10^20 Hertz and
the most energy of the
waves in the EM
spectrum. Who am I?

28. Who am
i?
2. This wave is opposite to
a radio wave which has
the smallest wavelength
1x10^-12 meters, the
highest frequency greater
than 3x10^20 Hertz and
the most energy of the
waves in the EM
spectrum. Who am I?

29. Gamma ray
• was injected by gamma
rays and became a
superhero
In reality, this range of
frequency and
wavelength is used to
detect cancer cells

30. Gamma ray
• Shortest wavelength =
longest frequency
• These waves are generated
by radioactive atoms in
nuclear explosions and can
kill living cells but the doctors
can use them to kill diseased
cells

31. Who am
i?
3. These waves are the
only electromagnetic
waves we can see. We
see these waves as the
colors of the rainbow.
Who am I?

32. Who am
i?
3. These waves are the
only electromagnetic
waves we can see. We
see these waves as the
colors of the rainbow.
Who am I?

33. Visible
light
• Each color has different wavelengths
and frequency
• RED has the longest wavelength of
6.20x10^-7m to 7.50x10^-7 m and
frequency of 4.0x10^14 Hz to
4.84x10^14 Hz
• VIOLET has the shortest wavelength
of 3.80x10^-7m to 4.50x10^-7 m and
frequency of 6.68x10^14 Hz to
7.89x10^14 Hz

34. Visible light
• These range of frequency and
wavelength of waves combine to make
WHITE LIGHT which is essential for
photosynthesis

35. Who am
i?
4. These waves have
wavelength shorter than
visible light waves with a
wavelength of 1x10^-8
m. Same size of that of
a molecule. Who am I?

36. Who am
i?
4. These waves have
wavelength shorter than
visible light waves with a
wavelength of 1x10^-8
m. Same size of that of
a molecule. Who am I?

37. Ultraviolet
ray
• invisible to the human eye
but at this range of
frequency and
wavelength, some insects
can see them
• Responsible for causing

38. Who am
i?
5. These waves have
shorter wavelengths
than radio waves. With a
wavelength of 1x10^-2.
Who am I?

39. Who am
i?
5. These waves have
shorter wavelengths
than radio waves. With a
wavelength of 1x10^-2.
Who am I?

40. microwav
e
• Used in satellite
communications, radar,
television transmissions and
cooking- like in a microwave
oven the wave transfers
energy to the water in the food
causing them to vibrate which
in turn transfers energy in the
form of heat to the food

41. Who am
i?
6. As wavelengths get
shorter, the waves have
more energy. These
waves have shorter
wavelengths of 1x10^-
10 m and more energy
than the ultraviolet
waves. Who am I?

42. Who am
i?
6. As wavelengths get
shorter, the waves have
more energy. These
waves have shorter
wavelengths of 1x10^-
10 m and more energy
than the ultraviolet
waves. Who am I?

43. X-ray
• Powerful enough that they
can pass through the skin
allowing doctors to look at
our bones but lifetime
exposure to these waves
can cause defects in cells

44. Who am
i?
7. Plants reflect this type
of wave. It is used for
heat detection, cameras
for night vision pictures
and even security
systems in military
operations. Who am I?

45. Who am
i?
7. Plants reflect this type
of wave. It is used for
heat detection, cameras
for night vision pictures
and even security
systems in military
operations. Who am I?

46. Wrap-up
1. What happens to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave from
radio wave to gamma ray?
DECREASING
2. What happens to the frequency of electromagnetic wave from radio
wave to gamma ray?
INCREASING
3. What happens to the energy of electromagnetic wave from radio wave
to gamma ray?
INCREASING

47. Wrap-up
4. What differs each wave based on their properties?
FREQUENCY and WAVELENGTH
5. What is the relationship between the frequency and
wavelength?
INVERSELY RELATED
6. What is relationship between the frequency and
energy?

48. generalization
•You have learned that wavelength is
inversely related to frequency which
means that they are going towards
opposite directions, whereas frequency is
directly related to its energy which means
that they are going towards the same
direction

49. economics
• Law of Supply and demand
e.g. - increasing the price of mango
during new year’s eve will result to
lower demand
- decreasing the price will also increase
the demand
- If the price increases, the supply also
increases
If there is an influx of supply
and yet the price is still
increasing, what best type of
EM wave must be used to
lessen the fast spoilage of
mangoes? Why?

50. Microwave in food preservation
Microwave Heating
• used for food drying and
decontamination
• however, this process is still
relatively poorly controlled
because of complex interactions
between foods and MWs
Microwave
Pasteurization
• is a thermal process that produces
thermal energy to foods under
pressure to achieve inactivation of
bacteria harmful for humans
• Sharp reduction in processing time
improves color, texture and other
sensory attributes of foods while
meeting microbial safety
requirements.

51. Apply what you know
• You have just been
involved in a traffic
incident that leaves you
stranded on the side of the
road. Which part of the
electromagnetic spectrum
would be of the most use
to you and why?

52. evaluation
1. Which has a shorter wavelength
A. X-rays
B. Gamma rays

53. evaluation
1. Which has a shorter wavelength
A. X-rays
B. Gamma rays

54. evaluation
2. Which has higher frequency?
A. Visible light
B. Ultraviolet

55. evaluation
2. Which has higher frequency?
A. Visible light
B. Ultraviolet

56. evaluation
3. Which has more energy?
A. Radio waves
B. Infrared

57. evaluation
3. Which has more energy?
A. Radio waves
B. Infrared

58. evaluation
4. Which has longer wavelength on visible light?
A. Green light
B. Blue light

59. evaluation
4. Which has longer wavelength on visible light?
A. Green light
B. Blue light

60. evaluation
5. Which has lesser frequency?
A. Microwave
B. Gamma ray

61. evaluation
5. Which has lesser frequency?
A. Microwave
B. Gamma ray

62. evaluation
6. The electromagnetic spectrum is the arrangement of
______________.
A. Electromagnetic waves
B. Ultraviolet radiation

63. evaluation
6. The electromagnetic spectrum is the arrangement of
______________.
A. Electromagnetic waves
B. Ultraviolet radiation

64. evaluation
6. The electromagnetic spectrum is the arrangement of
electromagnetic waves which are waves that are created
with changing electric field and ______
A. Electric charge
B. Magnetic field

65. evaluation
6. The electromagnetic spectrum is the arrangement of
electromagnetic waves which are waves that are created
with changing electric field and ______
A. Electric charge
B. Magnetic field

66. evaluation
7. EM waves travel on vacuum at a constant speed of
______.
A. 3x10^8m/s
B. 8x10^3m/s

67. evaluation
7. EM waves travel on vacuum at a constant speed of
______.
A. 3x10^8m/s
B. 8x10^3m/s

68. evaluation
8. The electromagnetic spectrum is arranged in a
manner of ________ wavelength?
A. Decreasing
B. Increasing

69. evaluation
8. The electromagnetic spectrum is arranged in a
manner of ________ wavelength?
A. Decreasing
B. Increasing

70. evaluation
9. The electromagnetic spectrum is arranged in a
manner of ________ frequency?
A. Decreasing
B. Increasing

71. evaluation
9. The electromagnetic spectrum is arranged in a
manner of ________ frequency?
A. Decreasing
B. Increasing

72. evaluation
10. The electromagnetic spectrum is arranged in a
manner of ________ energy?
A. Decreasing
B. Increasing

73. evaluation
10. The electromagnetic spectrum is arranged in a
manner of ________ energy?
A. Decreasing
B. Increasing