The document provides an introduction to programming fundamentals in C, focusing on the character set, including escape sequences and rules for identifiers. It explains that identifiers must start with a letter and can include letters, digits, and underscores while maintaining case sensitivity. It also briefly mentions data types, constants, and variables.

1. Introduction to Programming (ECS 102)
Instructors:
Dr. Jasabanta Patro and Dr. Rini Smita Thakur

2. C Fundamentals

4. THE C CHARACTER SET

5. THE C CHARACTER SET
● Most versions of the language also allow certain other characters, such as @
and $, to be included within strings and comments.
● C uses certain combinations of these characters, such as b, n and t, to
represent special conditions such as backspace, newline and horizontal tab,
respectively
● These character combinations are known as escape sequences. They are
considered as a single character, even though it is written as two or more
character

6. IDENTIFIERS and KEYWORDS
● Identifiers are names that are given to various program elements, such as
variables, functions and arrays
● It consist of letters and digits, in any order, except that the first character
must be a letter.
● Both upper- and lowercase letters are permitted
● Upper- and lowercase letters are not interchangeable (i.e., an uppercase letter
is not equivalent to the corresponding lowercase letter.)
● The underscore character (-) can also be included, and is considered to be a
letter.
● An underscore is often used in the middle of an identifier.

7. IDENTIFIERS and KEYWORDS

8. IDENTIFIERS and KEYWORDS

14. DATA TYPES

22. CONSTANTS

56. VARIABLES AND ARRAYS

99. C Fundamentals ends Here