The document introduces FLEMIONTM F-9010 membrane as having lower voltage, wider operational range, and higher robustness and durability against brine impurities compared to previous membranes. It provides details on the key technologies that enable its performance advantages, including a new cloth with reduced shadow influence, optimized polymer, and improved coating. Performance data from commercial electrolyzers demonstrates the voltage and efficiency improvements delivered by the F-9010 membrane.

1. Introduction of FORBLUE™
FLEMION™ F-9010 Membrane

2. Low Voltage
Wider Operational
Range
Higher Robustness
Higher Durability
Against
Brine Impurities
Suitability for
Zero-Gap
Concept Key Technologies
Key Words
New Cloth
New Sulfonic Polymer
Layer
New Ion Channel
High CD Operation
• Cell Voltage
• Mass Flow
• Anolyte/Catholyte
Concentrations
Zero-Gap Electrolyzer
• NaOH Concentration
• High Membrane
Temperature
• Direct Touch to Cathode
Key Technologies of F-9010

3. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Voltage of F-9010 in
AGC Commercial Electrolyzer
+60
+30
0
-30
-60
-90
Voltage
Reduction
D.O.L
BM2.7v5 (AGC Commercial Plant)
BM2.7v6 (AGC Commercial size Pilot)
F-8080A
F-8020SP
F-8020
-50 mV
F-8080
F-9010
2000 2005 2015 2020
2010
F-9010 membrane kept stable low voltage in AGC commercial electrolyzer more than 3 years.

4. Voltage of F-9010 in Commercial Electrolyzers
Area Electrolyzer Type MOL Comparison
Current
Density
(kA/m2)
A SEA CEC n-BiTAC 20 3 sheets -80 mV vs. F-8080A 5.3 kA/m2
B China AK NCZ 10 4 sheets -20 mV vs. Comp.-1 4 kA/m2
C China CEC n-BiTAC 13 2 sheets -60 mV vs. F-8080A 5.5 kA/m2
D China CEC n-BiTAC 10 4 sheets -40 mV vs. Comp.-2 5.5 kA/m2
E Europe UHDE Gen5 12 10 sheets -60 mV vs. F-8080A 6 kA/m2
F SEA UHDE Gen5 11 6 sheets -40 mV vs. F-8080A 6 kA/m2
G North America UHDE Gen5 12 4 sheets -50 mV vs. F-8080 6 kA/m2
H Japan UHDE Gen5+ 13 186 sheets -70 mV vs. F-8080A 6 kA/m2
I Japan CEC n-BiTAC 11 70 sheets -50 mV vs. F-8080A 6 kA/m2
J Japan CEC BiTAC 12 25 sheets -30 mV vs. Comp-2 5 kA/m2
K North America CEC BiTAC 8 4 sheets -30~40 mV vs. Comp-2 5 kA/m2
L North America CEC BiTAC 6 4 sheets -100 mV vs. Comp-3 5 kA/m2

5. “Zero Gap” Advantages
Less Brine Supply
High Temperature Weak brine
Less Catholyte Flow
2 3
Ni
Ni
Ni
Ni
Contacting
Cathode parts
Ni stain
1
Ni
Ni
Ni
Ni

6. Durability Against Ni Stain (for Zero Gap)
91
92
93
94
95
96
0 2 4 6 8 10
CE(％)
DOL
F-9010 shows higher stability of CE against Ni stain.
“New Ion Channel” is applied.
F-8080
F-9010
F-8080A
Acceleration Test 6 kA/m2, 90 oC, 32 wt% NaOH, ç

7. Durability Against Ni
-40
0
40
80
120
160
0 5 10 15 20
ΔCV(mV)
DOL after addition
F-9010
F-8080
F-9010 has higher stability of CV against Ni.

8. Higher CE in Wider Temperature Range
95
96
97
98
65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105
CE
(%)
Catholyte outlet temperature (oC)
F-8080A
F-8080
F-9010
F-9010 shows higher CE at high and low temperatures.

9. Higher CE in Wider Range of Caustic Strength
94
95
96
97
98
25 30 35 40
CE
(%)
NaOH (wt%)
F-9010 shows higher CE in weak and strong caustic.
F-8080A
F-8080
F-9010

10. Proper Surface Shape Causes Good Brine Supply
Less Brine Supply
Weak brine
3
Anode
Anode
Oval type Circle type
F-9010
F-8080
F-8080A
Good Brine Supply

11. Higher CE in Weak Brine
95
96
97
98
100 150 200 250
CE
(%)
NaCl (g/l)
• F-9010 shows higher CE in weak brine.
• It is suitable for electrolyzers with less inner circulation of brine.
F-9010
F-8080A
F-8080

12. Membrane Design for Low Cell Voltage
• Reduced Membrane Thickness
• Improved Reinforcement
• Optimized Polymer
• Improved Surface Coating
“Shadow
influence”
Reducing
Shadow
influence
with
“New Cloth”

13. Standard Cloth
Sacrificial Fiber
Permanent Fiber
Cross Section Plane Figure
(PET fiber)
Standard Cloth: Plain-woven fabric, PTFE and PET fiber.
(PTFE fiber)

14. Influence of Cloth on Cell Voltage
PTFE Fiber
“Shadow”
PTFE fiber interferes with the Na+
migration, which increases cell voltage.
Na+
Two kinds of teeth reduces the shadow influence.

15. Reducing Shadow Influence (1)
Circle type
Proper surface shape reduces cell voltage.
Oval type
Flemion F-9010
Conventional Cloth
Maintains
membrane
thickness…

16. Reducing Shadow Influence (2)
PET fiber dissolves under the electrolysis and makes sacrificial
fiber holes, which reduce the shadow influence.
Sacrificial Fiber Hole
Circle type
New Cloth: PET
New Cloth: PTFE

17. Reducing Shadow Influence (2)
PET Fiber
PTFE Fiber
F-9010 Cloth
F-8080/F-8080A Cloth
F-9010 cloth has 4 PET fibers between PTFE fibers,
which further reduces the shadow influence.

18. Reducing Shadow Influence (2)
F-9010 cloth further reduces the shadow influence
and makes F-9010 show lower voltage.
F-9010 Cloth
F-8080/F-8080A Cloth

19. Durability Against Mg
-20
0
20
40
60
80
0 5 10 15 20
⊿CV(mV)
DOL after addition
8 kA/m2, 90 oC, 32 wt% NaOH, Mg=0.1 ppm
F-9010
F-8080
F-9010 has higher stability of CV against Mg.

20. Durability Against Al/SiO2
CE(%)
DOL after addition
F-9010
F-8080
F-8080
F-9010
6kA/m2 8kA/m2
85 oC, 32wt% NaOH, Al/SiO2=1/30ppm
CE(%)
DOL after addition

21. Durability Against Ca/SiO2
85 oC, 32wt% NaOH, Ca/SiO2＝0.05/15ppm
CE(%)
CE(%)
F-9010
F-8080
F-8080
F-9010
6kA/m2 8kA/m2
DOL after addition DOL after addition

22. Durability Against I/Ba
85 oC, 32wt% NaOH, I/Ba=20/1ppm
CE(%)
F-9010
F-8080
F-8080
F-9010
6kA/m2 8kA/m2
CE(%)
DOL after addition DOL after addition

23. Durability Against Ca Upset
85 oC, 32wt% NaOH, Ca=1.5ppm, 4hr
CE(%)
CE(%)
F-9010
F-8080
F-8080
F-9010
6kA/m2 8kA/m2
DOL after addition DOL after addition

24. Frequent Load Tensile Test
1 1
1.3
1.8
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
F-8080 F-8080A Fx-XXX F-8080HD
Ratio
to
F-8080
F-9010 is more robust than F-8080 and F-8080A.
F-9010

25. For More Information:
Craig Long
(337) 764-1851
craig.long@agc.com