This is the introduction of bertand russel he is a father of english essay and he wrote many essay and he is very popular

1. BERTRAND
RUSSELL
(18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970)

2. Bertrand Arthur William Russell,
3rd Earl Russell
British philosopher, historian, logician,
mathematician, pacifist, anti-war activist,
and anti-imperialist.
He wrote the essay “On Denoting" and was co-author
(with Alfred North Whitehead) of Principia
Mathematica, an attempt to ground mathematics on
the laws of logic. Both works have had a considerable
influence on logic, mathematics,set theory,linguistics
and analytic philosophy.

3. ANCESTRY
 The Russells had been prominent in Britain for
several centuries.
 His paternal grandfather John Russell, 1st Earl
Russell, had twice been asked by Queen Victoria to
form a government, serving her as Prime Minister in
the 1840s and 1860s.
 John Stuart Mill, the Utilitarian philosopher, stood
as Russell's godfather. Mill died the following year,
but his writings had a great effect upon Russell's
life.

4. LATER LIFE AND MARRIAGES
 His mother and his sister died when he was 2-
years old.
 His father died when he was only 4 years old.
 He grew up in the care of his grandparents.
 He had a scholarship and came under the
influence of Alfred North Whitehead.
 He married high-minded Alys when he was 22.
After this marriage, he married also three
different women.
 He had 3 children, John, Katharine, and Conrad.

5.  Russell spent the 1950s and 1960s engaged in various
political causes, primarily related to nuclear disarmament
and opposing the Vietnam war.
 The 1955 Russell-Einstein Manifesto was a document calling
for nuclear disarmament.
 Russell is generally considered as being one of the founders
of analytic philosophy.
 Russell had great influence on modern mathematical logic.
 He discovered a paradox,known as Russell’s Paradox.
 He developed Theory of types.
 Theory of types and much of his work had influence on
computer science and information technology.
 Russell's last significant work in mathematics and logic,
Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, was written by
hand while he was in jail for his anti-war activities during
World War I.

7. Works:
 A classic collection of Bertrand Russell's more controversial works,
reaffirming his staunch liberal values, Unpopular Essays is one of Russell's
most characteristic and self-revealing books.
 Russell’s published work during this period consists mainly of journalism
and popular books written in support of these causes.
 Many of these books—such as On Education (1926), Marriage and Morals
(1929), and The Conquest of Happiness (1930)—enjoyed large sales and
helped establish.
 Russell in the eyes of the general public as a philosopher with important
things to say about the moral, political, and social issues of the day.
 His public lecture “Why I Am Not a Christian,” delivered in 1927 and
printed many times, became a popular locus classicus of atheistic
rationalism.
 He secured a job teaching the history of philosophy at the Barnes
Foundation in Philadelphia. Russell was able to turn the lectures he
delivered at the foundation into a book, A History of Western Philosophy
(1945), which proved to be a best-seller and was for many years his main
source of income.

8.  Russell's contributions to logic, epistemology, and the philosophy of
mathematics established him as one of the foremost philosophers of the 20th
century. To the general public, however, he was best known as a campaigner
for peace and as a popular writer on social, political, and moral subjects.
 Russell believes that philosophy can be taught to 'laymen' readers which will
assist them to think more objectively about emotive issues.
 The primary value of philosophy according to Russell is that it loosens the
grip of uncritically held opinion and opens the mind to a liberating range of
new possibilities to explore.
 In the "Truth and Falsehood" in his Problems of Philosophy, Russell advances
the "correspondence" theory of truth. On this theory, truth is understood in
terms of the way reality is described by our beliefs. A belief is false when it
does not reflect states-of-affairs, events, or things accurately.
 Russell’s ethical thinking: (i) Russell’s concept of “right” remains largely the
same throughout his career, and that concept is, broadly speaking, utilitarian:
right action is that action which leads to good results; (ii) though Russell
consistently regards “good” as the most fundamental ethical concept, his view
of what good is or whether we can know at all what good is changes over
time. His final ethical views on this issue are much closer to utilitarianism that
“acts which are approved of are those that are likely to bring happiness or
pleasure.”

9.  Theme of the Russell essay:
 Russell discusses main themes in his essays such as
different outlooks of ancient philosophers regarding the
subject of philosophy, the government system, the
social structure, role of philosophy in an individual's
life, political history, and the main institutions with
their morally diseased nature.
 In 1949, he is awarded by the Order of Merit .
 In 1950 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded the
British philosopher Bertrand Russell "in recognition of
his varied and significant writings in which he
champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of
thought."
 One day, Russell said he didn't feel well and remained
in bed. He died of influenza before the doctor arrived.