Microcontroller Programming & Hardware Introduction

With this class, you will begin learning
how to create custom software defined
hardware devices to build your own
electronic devices
Brought To You By
Your Local Make
Space
www.MakeSpace.io
Class Instructor
Joseph Sanchez
6/24/2014

make an automated beverage dispenser

build an automated watering
system for plants

Build a digital harp that uses lasers as strings

Wouldn’t those type of abilities
make you happy?

 A microcontroller (sometimes abbreviated
µC, uC or MCU) is a small computer on a
single integrated circuit containing a
processor core, memory, and programmable
input/output peripherals. Program memory
that is also often included on chip, as well as
a typically small amount of RAM.

 Arduino is an open-source electronics
prototyping platform based on flexible, easy-
to-use hardware and software. It's intended
for artists, designers, hobbyists .

 There are a plethora of options for
development board to use. Including:
Arduino Raspberry Pi Beagle
……And Many More!

The internal voltage
reference options may not
be used if an external
reference voltage is being
applied to the AREF pin.
Arduino

TX/RX
Inputs/outputs
are next!

Rx = (received data)
Tx = (transmit data)
These ports input and
output serial data
This will allow you to do things
like connect two Arduinos to
communicate with each other!

So what do we
plug into our
Input and outputs
on the arduino?
GADGETS!

 You have a variety of already built sensors, motors, and
other electrical devices to use in combination with your
Arduino
 These hardware devices are similar to your five senses.
These hardware devices our devices: See, feel, manipulate
and hear our surroundings.
 The more information you know about the availability of
these devices, the better you can create a solution for the
task you are trying to achieve with your Arduino.

L.E.D which stands for light emitting diode. Is a diode that lights
up when current is applied to it.

Resistors come in a variety of sizes
and they are used to reduce current
flow, and, at the same time, act to
lower voltage levels within circuits.
Schematic
Representations
of Resistors

Relays are devices which allow us to
complete a circuit or disconnect a
circuit based on an input voltage.
Based on the rating of the relay you
can switch a variety of voltages and
amperages.
Relays could be used to :
-Turn on water pumps
-Turn off lights or appliances in your
house

Electric motors spin when voltage is
applied.
If you reverse the power in (most)
motors then the spin direction will
reverse.
Take for example our 3D printers
which require to go one way and the
alternative direction.

Instead of constantly spinning, servo
motors will move based on an input.
Often times servo motors will turn
based on degrees.
This allows you to turn the top 90
degrees, 180 and then back or
anything in-between

Photocells are variable resistors
where the resistance decreases with
the increasing amount of light you
shine onto it.
A great example of using a photocell
in a “real life” application would be
laser trip wires. In order to achieve
this, we would place a laser towards
the photocell and if something
comes in between the two, the
resistance increases and we can
perform an action like playing an
alarm sound through a speaker.

Humidity sensors are as they sound.
They detect the levels of humidity in
the area and depending on the level
of moisture in the air, a value
decreases or increases respectively.

Gyroscopes which have been ever
increasing in their popularity due to
smart phones and personal drones,
allow us to sense the tilt and
rotation of a device.

The simple answer is yes! And this class will make sure you are
successful in understanding how to program (on Arduino).

We will be using the an IDE
specifically made for
programming our Adruino
IDE stands for integrated
development environment.
This is where we will write the
code that is stored and ran on our
microcontroller.

Void setup() {
}
Before the program starts, anything that is placed
between the void setup brackets will be loaded
and processed.

Void setup() {
}
and processed.
Void LOOP() {
}
The void loop is where your main program lives.
It is aptly named loop because that’s exactly
what happens when it reaches the end of the
code – it will LOOP and start over .

Void setup() {
}
and processed.
Void LOOP() {
}
Before Load Setup we can call in Libraries which
are pre-written code to help us with what we are
trying to achieve.
#SD.H

Void setup() {
}
and processed.
Void LOOP() {
}
Before Load Setup we can call in Libraries which
are pre-written code to help us with what we are
trying to achieve.
#SD.H
After the loop we can program functions
Functions are ways to migrate code outside of the
program and then you call them independently
into the code when needed.
To Call Our Function we would simply write:
blinkLED();
void blinkLED() {
digitalWrite(8,High);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(8,LOW);
delay(1000);
}

Our first program will be a blinking LED. We will turn one led on and
then we will turn another LED on. Since our program loops it will repeat
and we should see the LEDs take turns turning on and off.
To get started we open our IDE.
And put in our void setup() { }
and
void loop(){ }
Add // after each ending curly bracket and put what these brackets are
closing. So we will write ‘//ends setup’ and
‘//ends loop’.
This will help us keep track of our code as the program grows.

Microcontroller Programming & Hardware Introduction

Microcontroller Programming & Hardware Introduction

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