The document introduces cloud computing, defining it as a scalable service provided over the internet without requiring users to manage technology infrastructure. It discusses the advantages and challenges of cloud computing, including flexibility, quick deployment, and issues related to security and vendor lock-in. Various models of cloud computing, such as public, private, and hybrid clouds, are outlined along with core technologies and considerations for implementation.

1. Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Let's list pro / cons
•
Own bike / Car and you drive yourself ?

Complete Independence

Expensive and hard to maintain – petrol, oil, air, …..
•
Bike/Car pool with your friend ?

No need to drive by yourself , friend maintains the vehicle

Dependent on your friend
•
You take a lift from a stranger ?

No guarantee of reaching to MZOS
•
You use public transport eg: PMT, tum-tum

Least expensive and zero maintenance

Least privacy

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Challenge : Expenditure on Data Centers and human resources
– Physical Infrastructure, Security
– Power, Cooling, Cabling, Fire Safety
– Resource utilization
Data centers are notoriously underutilized, often idle 85% of the
time: Reasons -
– Over provisioning
– Insufficient capacity planning and sizing
Industry faces similar challenge as you do !
Industry faces a similar challge
O nly this tim e challe ng e is to run the co m pany sm o o thly !

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The solution
What is Cloud Computing?
From 'wikipedia' -
– Cloud computing is a style of computing in which dynamically scalable and often
virtualized resources are provided as a service over the Internet. Users need not
have knowledge of, expertise in, or control over the technology infrastructure in
the "cloud" that supports them
Single sentence definitions :-)
– “Cloud Computing” is providing computing and storage resources
as a service.
– “Cloud Computing” is using IT infrastructure as a service
Roughly, it describes highly scalable computing resources provided as an external service via the internet on a pay-as-you-go basis.

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What is a Cloud?
Individuals Corporations Non-Commercial
Cloud Middle Ware
Storage
Provisioning
OS
Provisioning
Network
Provisioning
Service(apps)
Provisioning
SLA(monitor),
Security, Billing,
Payment
Services Storage Network OS
Resources

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Why the word 'Cloud'?
The solutionThe solutionThe solutionThe solution
The 'cloud' is a metaphor for
the Internet
The name is derived from its
common depiction in network
diagrams as a cloud outline.

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Why use Cloud Computing
Stop bothering about Infrastructure: No need to
spend time on deciding on the best infrastructure
and designing data centre. A web browser gets you
access to the infrastructure.
Stop bothering about Software Licenses: Licensing
and associated license compliance taken care by
cloud vendor.
Open Standards based: Internet standards and web
services fuel the cloud.
Quick deployment: Ease of provisioning / de-
provisioning
Flexibility: Scale up and down as required.
Flexibility to choose applications/services based on
your need without any vendor lock-ins

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Cloud computing -
Characteristics
 Agility – On demand computing infrastructure
 Linearly scalable – challenge
 Reliability and fault tolerance
 Self healing – Hot backups, etc
 SLA driven – Policies on how quickly requests are processed
 Multi-tenancy – Several customers share infrastructure, without
compromising privacy and security of each of the customer’s data
 Service-oriented – compose applications out of loosely coupled
services. One service failure will not disrupt other services. Expose
these services as API’s
 Virtualized – decoupled from underlying hardware. Multiple
applications can run in one computer
 Data, Data, Data
 Distributing, partitioning, security, and synchronization

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Cloud Computing – Key Technology
Elements
Virtualization
– Server Virtualization (Hypervisors, LPARs)
– Storage Virtualization
– Network Virtualization
Infrastructure Management
– Automated Provisioning
– Self-service portal (Add/Remove,Start/Stop servers)
Workload Management
– Resource Reservation & Resource Scheduling
The key to dynamic infrastructure services are the virtualization environment
and its management.
The combination of these ensures that resources in a data center are efficiently
managed and can be provisioned, deployed and configured rapidly

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Cloud Computing – Anatomy
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Gmail, GoogleCalender
Payroll, HR, CRM etc
Sugarm CRM, IBM Lotus Live
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Middleware, Intergation, Messaging,
Information, connectivity etc
AWS, IBM Virtual images, Boomi,
CastIron, Google Appengine
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
IBM Blue house, VMWare, Amazon
EC2, Microsoft Azure Platform, Sun
Parascale and more

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Cloud Computing – Models / Flavours
Public/External Clouds
Public clouds expose
services to customers,
businesses and
consumers on the
Internet.
Private/Internal Clouds
A private cloud provides
services to only one
client.
Hybrid Clouds
Combination of both
public and private clouds

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Cloud computing - issues
 Governance
 Security, Privacy and control
 SLA guarantees
 Ownership and control
 Compliance and auditing
 Sarbanes and Oxley Act
 Reliability
 Good service provider with 99.999% availability
 Cloud independence – Vendor lockin?
 Cloud provider goes out of business
 Data Security
 Cloud lockin and Loss of control
 Plan for moving data along with Cloud provider
 Cost?
 Simplicity?
 Tools
 Controls on sensitive data?
 Out of business
 Big and small
 Scalability and cost outweigh reliability for small
businesses
 Big businesses may have a problem

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Commercial clouds

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What would you do to implement Cloud
Computing ?
Always Up
- even during and after upgrade, i.e no restart !
- maintain backup , restore it
Consistent Data
- data should never get corrupted
- multiple writes - multiple reads 'may' be required
Maintain privacy
- honour SLA's , privacy statements
- agree to data secrecy contracts – typically drawn before providing remote services
Anywhere Access
- think about 'all' types of devices
Mini Project Idea for Cloud Computing
- Create an email service
- Multi people chat service
- Photo sharing application