Intro to world_history
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The document provides an introduction to world history, including definitions of key terms and periods. It explains that BC stands for Before Christ and counts down to year 1, while AD stands for Anno Domini and counts up from year 1. It defines major historical periods such as Prehistory, River Valley Civilizations, and the Classical, Middle Ages, Renaissance/Reformation, and modern eras. It also defines terms like Neolithic, agrarian, domestication, nomadic, and hunter-gatherer. Finally, it instructs on how to create a timeline using the information provided.
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Part 1 ▪ First Things First
Chapter 1 • First Peoples
7
Part One
First Things First
Beginnings in History, to 500 b.c.e.
Chapter 1—First Peoples: Populating the Planet, to 10,000 b.c.e.
Chapter 2—First Farmers: The Revolutions of Agriculture, 10,000 b.c.e.–3000 b.c.e.
Chapter 3—First Civilizations: Cities, States, and Unequal Societies, 3500 b.c.e.–500 b.c.e.
Outline: The Big Picture: Turning Points in Early World History
I.
The Emergence of Humankind
A.
Most scholars in the post-Darwinian world regard human beginnings in the context of biological change.
1.
archeologists and anthropologists believe that the lines of descent leading to Homo sapiens and chimpanzees diverged around 5 million–6 million years ago
2.
hominid family emerged in eastern and southern Africa, with 20–30 different related species
a.
they were bipedal (walked on two legs)
B.
The hominids developed over time.
1.
brain size increased
2.
around 2.3 million years ago, Homo habilis began to use stone tools
3.
by 1 million years ago, some hominid species, especially Homo erectus, began to migrate from Africa
a.
knew how to use fire
C.
Of the hominid species, only Homo sapiens still survives.
1.
emerged in Africa around 250,000 years ago; around 100,000 years ago began to migrate beyond Africa
II.
The Globalization of Humankind
A.
Initial migrations from Africa took place in the Paleolithic Era.
1.
gatherers and hunters
2.
Paleolithic era continued until around 11,000 years ago
a.
the Paleolithic era accounts for over 90 percent of human time on earth
b.
accounts for about 12 percent of the total number of people who have lived
B.
No other large species created homes in every environmental niche as Homo sapiens did.
1.
slowly developed technology
2.
slowly imposed meaning through art, ritual, and religion
III.
The Revolution of Farming and Herding
A.
6.2 billion people in the world today; almost all live from domesticated plants and animals.
B.
Domestication first occurred in several regions about 11,000 years ago.
1.
it was the most significant and enduring transformation of humankind
2.
provided the foundation for almost all subsequent change
3.
the period from 11,000 years ago to around 1750 c.e. can be regarded as a single age—the age of agriculture
4.
allowed for a large increase in the human population
C.
Food production laid the foundation for enduring divisions within human communities.
1.
some regions were luckier in terms of climate and plants/animals available for domestication
2.
the Americas were disadvantaged by the lack of large animals to be domesticated
3.
in the Afro-Eurasian world, conflicts between agriculturalists and pastoralists became an enduring pattern
IV.
The Turning Point of Civilization
A.
The most prominent human communities that emerged were “civilizations”: societies based in cities and governed by powerful states.
B.
Almost everyone in the world now lives in a state wit.
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Intro to world_history
- 1. Intro to World History
- 2. Dates 1. “B.C.” stands for “before Christ”, or the time period before the birth of Jesus Christ.*B.C. counts down to year 1 2. “A.D.” stands for “anno QuickTime™ and a decompressor domini”, which means are needed to see this picture. “the year of our Lord”, or the time period after the birth of Jesus Christ.*A.D. counts forward from year 1
- 3. Centuries The years 1-99 are the first century… The years 100-199 are the second century… The years 200-299 are the third century… …and so on!
- 4. Vocabulary of Pre-History Periodization—how specific blocks in history are identified Neolithic Age—aka the Stone Age; 10,000 BC to various times 8,000-2,400 BC depending on the region Agrarian– having to do with farming Domestication—to tame an animal for human purposes
- 5. Vocabulary Continued Nomadic—moving from one place to another Hunter gatherer—early way man found food
- 6. Major Periods in History 1. Prehistory- period before recorded history 2. River Valley Civilizations 8000-500 BC 3. Classical Civilizations: Greece and Rome 500 BC-600 AD 4. Middles Ages: Europe, Africa and Asia 600-1450 AD 5. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1750 AD
- 7. Major Periods in WH cont 6. Scientific, Economic and Political Revolutions 1750-1914 7. Global Conflicts and Issues 1914-Present
- 8. Timeline Creation Use the four waves to create a timeline using the BC and AD year identifiers. You will also use the information on the next slide. You may create a timeline below the one given.
- 9. Events in Ancient History 1. Prehistory- period before recorded history; before 8,000 BC 2. Neolithic Revolution; 3. River Valley Civilizations; 3200-400 BC 4. 1760 BC Code of Hammurabi 5. 1300 BC Jewish 10 Commandments 6. Aryan Migrations; 1500-1200 BC
- 10. Are you listening? When you have completed the timeline, Fold the paper in half, hamburger style With the Timeline on the inside
- 11. Revolution Discussion questions: What does revolution mean? Is it always violent? Why is it necessary? Use one word to define revolution. **Answer these questions on one half of your paper. The next slide is for the other half.
- 12. Quick Quiz Answer the following questions using the events from your timeline and your notes: B.C. counts _______________ to year 1, and A.D. counts _________________ from year 1. The way early man found food _______________________________.