This document lists and provides brief descriptions of several medicinal plants and substances. It discusses plants such as ashwagandha, belladonna, periwinkle, ipecac, and piper species. It also mentions substances like guggul, aloe, forskohlii, senna, opium poppy, taxus, and ginseng. For some it provides the plant family and uses such as treatment of heart conditions, tumors, asthma, and as an aphrodisiac or sedative. Active chemical compounds are identified for some plants like foxglove and ephedra.

1. Ashwagandha

2. Ashwagandha
Withania somnifera
Solanaceae
Indian ginseng

3. Bella donna
Atropa belladonna
Solanaceae

4. Periwinkle, Catheranthus roseus Apocynaceae
It contains over 70 different alkaloids, but purification work isolated
vincristine and vinblastine as the active agents

5. Ipeca
Cephalis ipecacunnha

6. Duboisia

7. Solanum viarum, the tropical soda apple

8. Solanum nigrum (European black
nightshade or locally just "black nightshade"

9. Piper chaba, Chavak
Piper longum , Long pepper

10. Piper guineense (Aschantipepper or
Westafrican pepper) is used as spice in africa
and is one of the best insecticides against
thrips, which was testet from a university in
Nigeria. It contains much piperine and is
antiinflammatory.
Piper cubeba (cubeb, java pepper or
tailed pepper),
tastes like a cross between allspice and
black pepper. It is used in chinese-,
tibetan- and many other medicine-
systems. There were also cubeb-
cigarettes for asthma.. It is used as
aphrodisiac, euphoric and weakness of
memory.

11. Guggul
Commiphora mukul
Burceraceae

12. Aloe
Aloe vera syn aloe barbidense
Liliaceae

13. Medicinal Coleus Plectranthus forskohlii
Lamiaceae

14. Senna/Sonamukhi
Cassia angustifolia
Fabaceae

15. Medicinal Yam
Diascoria floribunda
Diascoriaceae

16. Opium poppy
Papavera somnifera
Papaveraceae

17. Shatavari
Asperagus racemosus

18. Glory lily

19. Pyrethrum
Chrysanthemum cinererifolium
Asteraceae

20. Isabgol
Plantago ovata
Plantaginaceae

21. Ipecac

22. German chamomile
Matricaria chamomilla
Asteraceae

23. Garden cress
Lepidium sativum

24. Cincona, Cincona ledgeriana,

25. Calotrophis

26. Bhringaraj

28. Foxglove
The active chemical compounds in foxglove were
isolated in the early 1900’s. They are several
steroid glycosides, with the most active one being
digoxin. It is still used in treating congestive
heart failure.

29. Ephedra
Ephedrine and a
series of related
compounds are
used today as
decongestants
(e.g., in Sudafed,
Robitussin etc.) and
to treat low blood
pressure.

30. Henbane

31. Taxus baccata, Taxaceae
The antitumor activity of
taxol (paclitaxel), a
diterpene alkaloid from
several Taxus species, was
first discovered in the
1960's,
Taxol is useful for treating
several types of tumors, but
was originally developed
for ovarian tumors.

33. Chlorophytum Borivilianum, Liliaceae
Safed Moosli
Parts Used: Seeds and roots
aphrodisiac agent, with no side effects. regarded as an energy booster in asthmatic
conditions. The roots of the herb are also used to strengthen the general immune
system of the body.It is used to control and prevent obesity and its side effects.

34. Ginseng, Panax ginseng, Araliaceae
Ginseng has long been used by Oriental peoples
as a way of maintaining health and
an aphrodisiac, stimulant, type II diabetes treatment, or cure for sexual dysfunction in
men.

35. Valerian, Valeriana
officinalis,
Valerianaceae
Valerian has long been
used as a sedative. The
dried roots and
rhizomes have been
used as a tranquilizer
and calmative for more
than 1000 years in
cases of nervousness
and hysteria. The plant
parts have a somewhat
disagreeable odor.

36. Liquorice, or licorice, is the root of
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Yastimadhu , mulethi

37. Abrus precatorius, known commonly as Crab's eye,
Indian licorice

38. Ammi majus — commonly called false
bishop’s weed,madhu gida part used: seeds;
uses: prevent fertilization in females, diuretic,
tonic, calm digestive system, angina, asthma, t
oothache, psoriasis,vitiligo; precautions: dizzin
ess, nausea, headache, appetite loss, sleeping
disorders
Ammi visnaga
The whole fruit has traditionally been used
to treat asthma, bronchitis, and whooping
cough, as well as cardiovascular
disorders, liver and gall bladder
disorders and to stimulate diuresis
(increase in urine production).

39. Agarwood, also known as oud, oodh or agar, is a dark resinous heartwood that forms
in Aquilaria and Gyrinops trees (large evergreens native to southeast Asia) when they
become infected with a type of ascomycetous mould,Phaeoacremonium parasitica, a
dematiaceous (dark-walled) fungus.
Aproxm. Value 1 kg wood: 10,000 Rs
Pure oil : 7000 to 60,000 $ /lit

40. Ergot, Fungi Claviceps spp., Clavicepitaceae
The alkaloids from Claviceps spp. on cereal
Today the alkaloids are used to treat migraine
headaches, control hemorrhaging after
childbirth, and to induce labor.