Proper waste management is important for environmental and public health reasons. It can help reduce land and air pollution by decreasing the need for waste depots and incineration. Effective waste management includes collection, transport, disposal, recycling, and monitoring of waste materials. Some wastes previously thought useless can actually be recycled or reused. Different areas require different waste management approaches depending on their development, location, and sectors. Recycling programs like those in Brisbane help cities reduce waste and maintain cleanliness.
1. OBJECTIVE
To create a prototype of ‘AUTOMATIC TRASH COMPACTOR’
2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Any where a lot of trash is generated, the automatic trash compactor offers a compelling solutions that is more environmentally preferable and operationally efficient!
This uses the sun energy to automatically compact trash at the point of disposal, dramatically increasing capacity 5 times within the same footprint as ordinary receptacles.
Increased capacity reduces collection trips and can cut related fuel use and emissions by 80%. Enclosed design keeps pests out and litter in.
Can be installed successfully in urban street, parks, colleges, sports venues and in all weather conditions.
Offers Dramatically Lower Lifetime Operational Costs
Depending on collection frequency, your standard ornamental bin is costing you between $7,300 and $30,000 over it’s lifetime! compactor lifetime operational costs are significantly lower, between $6,000 and $12,000. it uses solar power to compact trash at the point of disposal, increasing capacity by five times and reducing operational costs by up to 80%. In addition to lower costs associated with trucks, fuel and labor, it reduces green house gas and other harmful emissions.
3. LITERATURE
Humans have always had an impact on their surroundings. Garbage is one of our biggest effects on nature. Unlike other animals, humans create too much waste for nature to keep up. Total amount of solid waste in India is 65-70 million tons per year. Almost 42 percent of that garbage is in paper wastes. With the continually rising of the earth’s population, the situation is going to get harder and harder to slow it down, or fix it. With garbage comes pollution; from the burning of garbage we are destroying the atmosphere just as fast as we are just leaving the garbage on the ground. When you burn garbage it gives off extremely poisonous gases into the atmosphere. If a person breathes this air it can hurt their lungs and if untreated can result in cancers or even death. Even if we burry our garbage not all of it will decompose, as there are some material needs centuries to decompose. By polluting the ground it can seep into our farming soil and even into our ground water, which can cause dramatic consequences.
Compacting trashes is considered a great solution for the problem of throwing garbage as it was examined in well developed countries and solved the problem of thrown garbage in the streets or burning extra garbage which is the same problem that India is facing, and in result it also reduce the pollution amount due to the smoke of burning garbage and the diseases caused because of the uncovered garbage in streets where people walk through and others live nearby
Can upcycling be the next productive move towards creating a sustainable envi...Heena Tandon
Do you know, India alone generate more than 1,00,000 metric tons of solid waste every day? Isn’t it humongous, the answer is obviously ‘YES’ but the real concern WE FAIL TO MANAGE IT.find out how can #UPCYCLING help in creating a sustainable environment
here i have done the survey of problems on my local area where i am living. what problems i am facing and how to deal with it. here i have also given the suggestions that how to deal with it.
This document discusses different methods for waste disposal, including landfilling, incineration, recycling, composting, and reuse. Landfilling is currently the cheapest but worst option as it uses up space and resources. Incineration recovers energy but requires high calorie waste. Recycling is the most advantageous as it reduces resource extraction, pollution, and energy usage. Composting treats organic waste to produce fertilizer instead of sending it to landfills. Reuse extends the life of products not yet considered waste.
This document discusses water usage and sustainability. It defines key terms like water footprint, virtual water, and water neutrality. The water footprint measures the total freshwater used directly and indirectly to produce goods and services. Virtual water refers to the volume of water needed to produce a commodity. The document provides examples of the large water footprint of everyday items like a hamburger and cotton t-shirt. It raises questions about considering total environmental footprint instead of individual components, the potential impacts of water privatization and biofuels, and how consumer habits may change with increased scarcity.
Proper waste management is important for environmental and public health reasons. It can help reduce land and air pollution by decreasing the need for waste depots and incineration. Effective waste management includes collection, transport, disposal, recycling, and monitoring of waste materials. Some wastes previously thought useless can actually be recycled or reused. Different areas require different waste management approaches depending on their development, location, and sectors. Recycling programs like those in Brisbane help cities reduce waste and maintain cleanliness.
1. OBJECTIVE
To create a prototype of ‘AUTOMATIC TRASH COMPACTOR’
2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Any where a lot of trash is generated, the automatic trash compactor offers a compelling solutions that is more environmentally preferable and operationally efficient!
This uses the sun energy to automatically compact trash at the point of disposal, dramatically increasing capacity 5 times within the same footprint as ordinary receptacles.
Increased capacity reduces collection trips and can cut related fuel use and emissions by 80%. Enclosed design keeps pests out and litter in.
Can be installed successfully in urban street, parks, colleges, sports venues and in all weather conditions.
Offers Dramatically Lower Lifetime Operational Costs
Depending on collection frequency, your standard ornamental bin is costing you between $7,300 and $30,000 over it’s lifetime! compactor lifetime operational costs are significantly lower, between $6,000 and $12,000. it uses solar power to compact trash at the point of disposal, increasing capacity by five times and reducing operational costs by up to 80%. In addition to lower costs associated with trucks, fuel and labor, it reduces green house gas and other harmful emissions.
3. LITERATURE
Humans have always had an impact on their surroundings. Garbage is one of our biggest effects on nature. Unlike other animals, humans create too much waste for nature to keep up. Total amount of solid waste in India is 65-70 million tons per year. Almost 42 percent of that garbage is in paper wastes. With the continually rising of the earth’s population, the situation is going to get harder and harder to slow it down, or fix it. With garbage comes pollution; from the burning of garbage we are destroying the atmosphere just as fast as we are just leaving the garbage on the ground. When you burn garbage it gives off extremely poisonous gases into the atmosphere. If a person breathes this air it can hurt their lungs and if untreated can result in cancers or even death. Even if we burry our garbage not all of it will decompose, as there are some material needs centuries to decompose. By polluting the ground it can seep into our farming soil and even into our ground water, which can cause dramatic consequences.
Compacting trashes is considered a great solution for the problem of throwing garbage as it was examined in well developed countries and solved the problem of thrown garbage in the streets or burning extra garbage which is the same problem that India is facing, and in result it also reduce the pollution amount due to the smoke of burning garbage and the diseases caused because of the uncovered garbage in streets where people walk through and others live nearby
Can upcycling be the next productive move towards creating a sustainable envi...Heena Tandon
Do you know, India alone generate more than 1,00,000 metric tons of solid waste every day? Isn’t it humongous, the answer is obviously ‘YES’ but the real concern WE FAIL TO MANAGE IT.find out how can #UPCYCLING help in creating a sustainable environment
here i have done the survey of problems on my local area where i am living. what problems i am facing and how to deal with it. here i have also given the suggestions that how to deal with it.
This document discusses different methods for waste disposal, including landfilling, incineration, recycling, composting, and reuse. Landfilling is currently the cheapest but worst option as it uses up space and resources. Incineration recovers energy but requires high calorie waste. Recycling is the most advantageous as it reduces resource extraction, pollution, and energy usage. Composting treats organic waste to produce fertilizer instead of sending it to landfills. Reuse extends the life of products not yet considered waste.
This document discusses water usage and sustainability. It defines key terms like water footprint, virtual water, and water neutrality. The water footprint measures the total freshwater used directly and indirectly to produce goods and services. Virtual water refers to the volume of water needed to produce a commodity. The document provides examples of the large water footprint of everyday items like a hamburger and cotton t-shirt. It raises questions about considering total environmental footprint instead of individual components, the potential impacts of water privatization and biofuels, and how consumer habits may change with increased scarcity.
Farmers' organizations, environmentalists, and the RSS affiliate Swadeshi Jagran Manch oppose the approval granted to genetically modified mustard and have urged the Prime Minister and Environment Minister to reject it. They argue that GM mustard was approved hastily and only benefits large agrochemical companies, while farmers say it has no utility and is against their economic interests. Critics claim GM crops do not increase yields as claimed and are harmful to health and the environment.
This document discusses the impacts of plastic pollution on the environment. It notes that while plastic was initially a beneficial invention, the vast majority of plastic produced is not recycled and instead pollutes the land and oceans. Specific impacts highlighted include plastic persisting in the environment for hundreds of years, choking drainage systems and causing floods, being eaten by and killing wildlife like sea turtles and cattle, and polluting beaches. The document calls for individuals to reduce plastic use and governments to ban non-recyclable plastics and conduct research on plastic disposal methods.
Knowing the advantages and benefits of proper waste managementNicholasMcCull2
Proper waste management provides environmental, health, and financial benefits. Environmentally, segregating recyclable and non-recyclable waste promotes sustainability and generates income from compost sales. For health, old waste incineration methods emit harmful substances, but modern disposal and burning techniques lower disease risks. Financially, waste management is now an industry that generates further income through compost and recycling.
Waste management project proposal for sri lankaLahiru Dilshan
This is a project that was carried out to find methods and possible ways to implement a waste management system in Sri Lanka especially for urban areas.
The presentation of this report can find in the following link
https://www.slideshare.net/Lahiru_Dilshan/waste-management-project-proposal-for-sri-lanka-169972848
The document discusses zero waste management in India. Zero waste aims to conserve all resources through responsible production, consumption, reuse, and material recovery without burning or pollution. India generates over 62 million tons of total waste annually, of which only 11.9 million tons is treated while 31 million tons remains untreated. The key principles of zero waste are to refuse, reduce, reuse, repair, recycle, and rethink consumption habits. Proper segregation of waste at the source is an important first step toward more sustainable waste management traditions and environmental protection.
This document outlines a plan to study the ecological problems facing the town of Shostka, Ukraine. It aims to discover the key ecological issues in the town, identify the factors causing them, and find ways to solve the problems. The document analyzes the current ecological situation, issues like air, water, and soil pollution from local industry and other sources, and the health and environmental impacts. It concludes by suggesting solutions like increasing green spaces, cleaning water sources, using cleaner fuels, better garbage processing, and dealing with stored chemicals.
Zero waste is a philosophy that aims to redesign resource life cycles so that all products are reused and nothing is sent to landfills or incinerators. The document discusses various zero waste plans and initiatives adopted by different cities and countries around the world, including New Zealand becoming the first country to adopt a national zero waste policy. It also outlines steps involved in zero waste management like avoiding, reducing, reusing, and recycling waste.
This document discusses proper waste disposal and management. The goals are to maintain a cleaner environment, reduce disease, and protect soil and water from contamination. Proper waste disposal can increase recycling and reuse rates while decreasing landfill waste. The objectives outlined ensure environmental protection, job growth, consumer awareness, and effective solid waste management. The mission is to educate people on proper waste separation and disposal to reduce pollution and protect the environment.
The document discusses plastic pollution and the environmental issues caused by plastic. It notes that plastic persists in the environment for a long time and ends up in oceans and waterways, harming wildlife. While plastic has many uses, the document discusses how plastic is not truly recycled and instead is usually downcycled into lower quality materials. Much of the plastic waste generated is not recycled and ends up polluting the environment. The prevalence of plastic is an environmental problem because of the persistence of plastic in the natural world.
This presentation discusses various topics related to pollution and going green. It includes charts showing the impact of vehicles and smoking on pollution levels. It also discusses the effects of pollution on humans, the causes of deforestation, and the impacts of deforestation such as soil erosion, disruption of water cycles, and climate change. The presentation encourages reducing waste and consumption of natural resources to help the environment.
The document discusses global environmental problems and ways to protect the environment. It identifies the main environmental problems as air pollution, the greenhouse effect, and global warming. It emphasizes that the greenhouse effect can lead to global warming, increasing the Earth's temperature and disrupting the balance of life. Additionally, the document recommends ways for individuals to reduce waste and conserve energy to help address these global environmental challenges.
The document discusses the causes and effects of global warming and provides tips for living more sustainably to reduce human-caused climate change. Some of the key points covered include:
- Global warming is caused by human greenhouse gas emissions from the burning of fossil fuels. This traps heat in the atmosphere and is increasing Earth's temperature.
- Effects of global warming include rising sea levels, more extreme weather, droughts and wildfires, and threats to human health from things like spreading insect-borne diseases.
- Individual actions like recycling, using less water and electricity, driving less, and purchasing renewable energy can all help reduce our carbon footprint.
- Transitioning to renewable energy sources like solar panels, becoming
Zero waste is a philosophy that encourages reusing all resources and eliminating trash. The document discusses zero waste goals, definitions, examples of areas implementing zero waste plans like cities and countries, types of bins used, steps in zero waste management, and examples from India. It concludes that Malaysia aims to be zero waste and challenges Malaysians to eliminate daily food waste, which could feed many people.
This document discusses solid waste management in India. It begins by quoting Pope Francis and the Prime Minister of India on the importance of caring for the environment. It then notes that India generates much more solid waste now than in 1947 due to increasing urbanization and consumerism. Most waste remains uncollected and is dumped in unsanitary landfills, polluting the environment. The document advocates for segregating waste at the source into wet and dry categories. It explains the benefits of this practice, such as reducing waste and producing compost. It provides resources for housing societies to implement zero waste programs and encourages citizens to work towards cleaner communities.
The beginning of Earth Day dates back in 1968 when the Human Ecology Symposium was held. With the
U.S. Public Health Service, Morton Hilbert organized an environmental conference for students where they
could learn more from scientists about the effects of environmental degradation on human health. For the
next two years, Hilbert and the students worked to plan the first Earth Day. In April 1970, along with a federal
proclamation from the U.S. Senator Gaylord Nelson, the first Earth Day was officially held. This day impelled
the U.S. Congress to develop some of the most significant environmental legislation.
This document summarizes an experiment that analyzed the effect of different explant types and growth regulators on the rapid multiplication of Bacopa monnieri in in vitro cultures. Leaf, node, and internode explants were cultured on media with different concentrations and combinations of kinetin, BAP, and 2,4-D. The highest rates of shoot regeneration were observed in nodes cultured with kinetin. DNA was then isolated from regenerated plants and analyzed using RAPD to check for genetic homogeneity between clones. PCR was performed using random primers and products were visualized on agarose gels. The gels showed 1-7 bands for each primer, indicating genetic similarity between clones.
Mutual Mobile is a mobile consulting firm based in Austin, Texas with over 300 employees. They focus exclusively on mobile solutions across iOS, Android, and mobile web platforms. The document discusses Mutual Mobile's process, which includes discovery, strategy, delivery, and deployment phases. It also outlines their beliefs in designing for users, turning opportunities into action, shipping products, and asking hard questions. Case studies are presented on early clients like Hangtime and Del Monte, as well as more recent work with companies like Walgreens, Xerox, and Verizon.
El documento invita a las mujeres que están pasando por depresión, quejas constantes, llanto frecuente y no toleran a sus hijos o esposos a una entrega total en la Capilla Fidelidad el próximo 25 de enero a las 7pm. El propósito es fortalecer la relación con Jesús, quien requiere la entrega total de cada mujer.
El documento invita a las mujeres que están pasando por depresión, quejas constantes, llanto frecuente y no toleran a sus hijos o esposos a una entrega total en la Capilla Fidelidad el próximo 25 de enero a las 7pm. El propósito es fortalecer la relación con Jesús, quien requiere la entrega total de cada mujer.
This document discusses sensation and perception. Sensation is the process of receiving stimulus energies from the external environment through sensory organs like the eyes, ears, skin, tongue and nose. Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to give it meaning, influenced by factors like prior experiences, expectations and memory. It describes sensory receptors, thresholds, habituation and adaptation. Sensory receptors detect stimuli and transmit information to the brain. Thresholds refer to the minimum amount of a stimulus needed to be detected. With habituation and adaptation, the brain filters out unchanging stimuli to focus on changes in the environment.
The document discusses isolating and identifying bacteria from garage soil that can degrade petroleum diesel engine oil. Soil samples were collected from a garage and plated to isolate bacteria. Biochemical testing identified one isolated bacterium as Acinetobacter species. This bacterium grew on enriched media containing diesel oil as its sole carbon source, showing it can degrade and use diesel oil. The isolated bacterium has potential for bioremediating oil spills due to its oil-degrading capabilities.
Farmers' organizations, environmentalists, and the RSS affiliate Swadeshi Jagran Manch oppose the approval granted to genetically modified mustard and have urged the Prime Minister and Environment Minister to reject it. They argue that GM mustard was approved hastily and only benefits large agrochemical companies, while farmers say it has no utility and is against their economic interests. Critics claim GM crops do not increase yields as claimed and are harmful to health and the environment.
This document discusses the impacts of plastic pollution on the environment. It notes that while plastic was initially a beneficial invention, the vast majority of plastic produced is not recycled and instead pollutes the land and oceans. Specific impacts highlighted include plastic persisting in the environment for hundreds of years, choking drainage systems and causing floods, being eaten by and killing wildlife like sea turtles and cattle, and polluting beaches. The document calls for individuals to reduce plastic use and governments to ban non-recyclable plastics and conduct research on plastic disposal methods.
Knowing the advantages and benefits of proper waste managementNicholasMcCull2
Proper waste management provides environmental, health, and financial benefits. Environmentally, segregating recyclable and non-recyclable waste promotes sustainability and generates income from compost sales. For health, old waste incineration methods emit harmful substances, but modern disposal and burning techniques lower disease risks. Financially, waste management is now an industry that generates further income through compost and recycling.
Waste management project proposal for sri lankaLahiru Dilshan
This is a project that was carried out to find methods and possible ways to implement a waste management system in Sri Lanka especially for urban areas.
The presentation of this report can find in the following link
https://www.slideshare.net/Lahiru_Dilshan/waste-management-project-proposal-for-sri-lanka-169972848
The document discusses zero waste management in India. Zero waste aims to conserve all resources through responsible production, consumption, reuse, and material recovery without burning or pollution. India generates over 62 million tons of total waste annually, of which only 11.9 million tons is treated while 31 million tons remains untreated. The key principles of zero waste are to refuse, reduce, reuse, repair, recycle, and rethink consumption habits. Proper segregation of waste at the source is an important first step toward more sustainable waste management traditions and environmental protection.
This document outlines a plan to study the ecological problems facing the town of Shostka, Ukraine. It aims to discover the key ecological issues in the town, identify the factors causing them, and find ways to solve the problems. The document analyzes the current ecological situation, issues like air, water, and soil pollution from local industry and other sources, and the health and environmental impacts. It concludes by suggesting solutions like increasing green spaces, cleaning water sources, using cleaner fuels, better garbage processing, and dealing with stored chemicals.
Zero waste is a philosophy that aims to redesign resource life cycles so that all products are reused and nothing is sent to landfills or incinerators. The document discusses various zero waste plans and initiatives adopted by different cities and countries around the world, including New Zealand becoming the first country to adopt a national zero waste policy. It also outlines steps involved in zero waste management like avoiding, reducing, reusing, and recycling waste.
This document discusses proper waste disposal and management. The goals are to maintain a cleaner environment, reduce disease, and protect soil and water from contamination. Proper waste disposal can increase recycling and reuse rates while decreasing landfill waste. The objectives outlined ensure environmental protection, job growth, consumer awareness, and effective solid waste management. The mission is to educate people on proper waste separation and disposal to reduce pollution and protect the environment.
The document discusses plastic pollution and the environmental issues caused by plastic. It notes that plastic persists in the environment for a long time and ends up in oceans and waterways, harming wildlife. While plastic has many uses, the document discusses how plastic is not truly recycled and instead is usually downcycled into lower quality materials. Much of the plastic waste generated is not recycled and ends up polluting the environment. The prevalence of plastic is an environmental problem because of the persistence of plastic in the natural world.
This presentation discusses various topics related to pollution and going green. It includes charts showing the impact of vehicles and smoking on pollution levels. It also discusses the effects of pollution on humans, the causes of deforestation, and the impacts of deforestation such as soil erosion, disruption of water cycles, and climate change. The presentation encourages reducing waste and consumption of natural resources to help the environment.
The document discusses global environmental problems and ways to protect the environment. It identifies the main environmental problems as air pollution, the greenhouse effect, and global warming. It emphasizes that the greenhouse effect can lead to global warming, increasing the Earth's temperature and disrupting the balance of life. Additionally, the document recommends ways for individuals to reduce waste and conserve energy to help address these global environmental challenges.
The document discusses the causes and effects of global warming and provides tips for living more sustainably to reduce human-caused climate change. Some of the key points covered include:
- Global warming is caused by human greenhouse gas emissions from the burning of fossil fuels. This traps heat in the atmosphere and is increasing Earth's temperature.
- Effects of global warming include rising sea levels, more extreme weather, droughts and wildfires, and threats to human health from things like spreading insect-borne diseases.
- Individual actions like recycling, using less water and electricity, driving less, and purchasing renewable energy can all help reduce our carbon footprint.
- Transitioning to renewable energy sources like solar panels, becoming
Zero waste is a philosophy that encourages reusing all resources and eliminating trash. The document discusses zero waste goals, definitions, examples of areas implementing zero waste plans like cities and countries, types of bins used, steps in zero waste management, and examples from India. It concludes that Malaysia aims to be zero waste and challenges Malaysians to eliminate daily food waste, which could feed many people.
This document discusses solid waste management in India. It begins by quoting Pope Francis and the Prime Minister of India on the importance of caring for the environment. It then notes that India generates much more solid waste now than in 1947 due to increasing urbanization and consumerism. Most waste remains uncollected and is dumped in unsanitary landfills, polluting the environment. The document advocates for segregating waste at the source into wet and dry categories. It explains the benefits of this practice, such as reducing waste and producing compost. It provides resources for housing societies to implement zero waste programs and encourages citizens to work towards cleaner communities.
The beginning of Earth Day dates back in 1968 when the Human Ecology Symposium was held. With the
U.S. Public Health Service, Morton Hilbert organized an environmental conference for students where they
could learn more from scientists about the effects of environmental degradation on human health. For the
next two years, Hilbert and the students worked to plan the first Earth Day. In April 1970, along with a federal
proclamation from the U.S. Senator Gaylord Nelson, the first Earth Day was officially held. This day impelled
the U.S. Congress to develop some of the most significant environmental legislation.
This document summarizes an experiment that analyzed the effect of different explant types and growth regulators on the rapid multiplication of Bacopa monnieri in in vitro cultures. Leaf, node, and internode explants were cultured on media with different concentrations and combinations of kinetin, BAP, and 2,4-D. The highest rates of shoot regeneration were observed in nodes cultured with kinetin. DNA was then isolated from regenerated plants and analyzed using RAPD to check for genetic homogeneity between clones. PCR was performed using random primers and products were visualized on agarose gels. The gels showed 1-7 bands for each primer, indicating genetic similarity between clones.
Mutual Mobile is a mobile consulting firm based in Austin, Texas with over 300 employees. They focus exclusively on mobile solutions across iOS, Android, and mobile web platforms. The document discusses Mutual Mobile's process, which includes discovery, strategy, delivery, and deployment phases. It also outlines their beliefs in designing for users, turning opportunities into action, shipping products, and asking hard questions. Case studies are presented on early clients like Hangtime and Del Monte, as well as more recent work with companies like Walgreens, Xerox, and Verizon.
El documento invita a las mujeres que están pasando por depresión, quejas constantes, llanto frecuente y no toleran a sus hijos o esposos a una entrega total en la Capilla Fidelidad el próximo 25 de enero a las 7pm. El propósito es fortalecer la relación con Jesús, quien requiere la entrega total de cada mujer.
El documento invita a las mujeres que están pasando por depresión, quejas constantes, llanto frecuente y no toleran a sus hijos o esposos a una entrega total en la Capilla Fidelidad el próximo 25 de enero a las 7pm. El propósito es fortalecer la relación con Jesús, quien requiere la entrega total de cada mujer.
This document discusses sensation and perception. Sensation is the process of receiving stimulus energies from the external environment through sensory organs like the eyes, ears, skin, tongue and nose. Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to give it meaning, influenced by factors like prior experiences, expectations and memory. It describes sensory receptors, thresholds, habituation and adaptation. Sensory receptors detect stimuli and transmit information to the brain. Thresholds refer to the minimum amount of a stimulus needed to be detected. With habituation and adaptation, the brain filters out unchanging stimuli to focus on changes in the environment.
The document discusses isolating and identifying bacteria from garage soil that can degrade petroleum diesel engine oil. Soil samples were collected from a garage and plated to isolate bacteria. Biochemical testing identified one isolated bacterium as Acinetobacter species. This bacterium grew on enriched media containing diesel oil as its sole carbon source, showing it can degrade and use diesel oil. The isolated bacterium has potential for bioremediating oil spills due to its oil-degrading capabilities.
1. The document describes the isolation and biochemical characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from various sweet samples collected from different areas.
2. Methods used include isolating bacteria on nutrient agar plates, morphological and gram staining identification, and biochemical tests to identify S. aureus. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was also performed.
3. Results found S. aureus present in samples, which was identified as gram positive cocci in clusters. Biochemical tests confirmed presence and some isolates were found to be resistant to certain antibiotics like oxacillin and penicillin.
Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes can occur at multiple levels:
(1) The genome level through chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, and gene amplification or rearrangement.
(2) The transcription level where transcription factors and cis-acting elements like promoters, enhancers, and silencers regulate RNA polymerase binding and activity.
(3) Post-transcriptional processing of transcripts through RNA editing, alternative splicing, and transcript degradation which expands proteomic complexity.
This presentation summarizes the drug formulation process at Himalaya Meditek PVT. LTD. It discusses the company facilities, quality control procedures, types of drugs and drug formulations like tablets and capsules. Specific topics covered include the advantages and disadvantages of tablets, different excipients used in tablets, tablet coating processes, and quality control tests like friability, disintegration, and dissolution. The objectives of quality control are to establish standards, evaluate processes for improvement, and ensure consistency in raw materials and manufacturing.
This document describes a study assessing the genetic stability of taro (Colocasia esculenta) germplasm conserved in vitro. The study aims to develop an efficient micropropagation system for taro varieties, evaluate the field performance of tissue-cultured and conventionally propagated taro, and establish an in vitro germplasm collection of taro. Shoot tips from taro corms were sterilized and cultured on Z10 medium, then subcultured and transferred to the field. Genetic analysis using DNA quantification and gel electrophoresis showed the tissue-cultured plants were genetically stable. The project will produce disease-free planting materials for distribution to farmers and for genetic resource conservation.
Pediatric neurology, a color handbook bale jr., james f. [srg]Sandip Kumar
This document provides an overview and table of contents for a textbook on pediatric neurology. It includes chapters covering the pediatric neurological examination, neuroimaging, electrophysiological evaluation, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, genetic evaluation, newborn screening and metabolic testing, and various pediatric neurological disorders organized by symptom or condition. The textbook is intended to provide clinicians with a comprehensive resource on evaluating and managing neurological problems in infants, children, and adolescents.
Solid Waste means solid or semisolid or non-soluble material that includes garbage, refused, sludge and other discarded domestic material, as well as waste from Industrial, Commercial, Agricultural and Mining operations.
This case study discusses proper waste management. The objectives are to ensure environmental protection through effective waste management, increase recycling and reuse, and encourage waste-to-energy options. The goal is to maintain a cleaner environment and reduce disease by teaching proper waste disposal. The background discusses how waste management is important as population and industrialization increase. Proper disposal protects public health and the environment.
6186128Evs introduction to EVs Sceicnes ,nature history and future.pptprempandey2608
This document provides an overview of the key concepts and objectives covered in an Environmental Studies course. It begins with definitions of ecology, environment, and environmental studies. It then discusses the multidisciplinary nature and scope of environmental studies, covering topics from various fields like biology, geology, chemistry, engineering, and more. The document outlines the objectives of the course as developing concern for the environment and motivating students to protect it. It provides examples of environmental issues at both global and national levels and emphasizes the importance of sustainable use of resources.
This document provides an overview of waste management systems and practices in different countries presented by Rachel, Phil, Gautam and Adrian. It discusses waste management in Canada where responsibilities are divided between municipal, provincial and federal governments. Waste management in London, England is outlined, including key acts and policies as well as statistics on waste streams. The challenges of waste management in Metro Manila, Philippines are also presented, where unregulated dumping and lack of infrastructure lead to health and environmental issues.
The RDF plant we want to build is to produce RDF from non-recyclables material. This RDF will replace 0.5% of the coal consumption at the coal-fired power plant nearby.
For now, I am selling the recyclables to intermediaries, but later I will recycle the recyclables myself. turning those recyclables plastics into a plastic ore and sell it to car dashboard manufacturer. Or to become diesel fuel.
The document summarizes the Eco Health Centre, a successful model for managing municipal solid waste in Kodungallur, Kerala. The model features an Automated Plastic Separation Machine (APSM) that separates plastic from mixed waste with 99.91% accuracy. The APSM allows recovery of separated plastic and production of bio-degradable slurry. The slurry is further processed to generate biogas and high-quality compost, providing an effective waste management solution that prevents pollution and recovers resources from waste.
Public Awareness and Environmental conservatinAlok Yadav
This document discusses the importance of public awareness and environmental conservation. It begins by explaining how human activities like industrialization, deforestation, and improper waste disposal have negatively impacted the environment. It then discusses the need to educate the public about environmental issues so that governments can implement sustainable solutions. Various strategies for raising environmental awareness among different groups are provided, such as educational events, social media campaigns, and distributing informational brochures. The roles of individuals, teachers, and governments in environmental protection are also outlined. Overall, the document stresses that widespread environmental awareness is crucial for protecting natural resources and the planet for future generations.
More people are now aware of the adverse effects of technology to nature. Environmental services have become a growing industry that helps other sectors in maintaining an eco-friendly habitat. Industrial sectors are the largest contributors to waste and damage in our surroundings. If we want to limit industrial wastes, we should be informed on the services we could use.
More people are now aware of the adverse effects of technology to nature. Environmental services have become a growing industry that helps other sectors in maintaining an eco-friendly habitat. Industrial sectors are the largest contributors to waste and damage in our surroundings. If we want to limit industrial wastes, we should be informed on the services we could use.
Environmental conservation by Randdel DelgadoRanddel Delgado
This document discusses environmental issues related to land, water, and air pollution and their effects. It notes that land degradation occurs from mining, improper waste disposal, and overuse of chemicals, which leads to increased pollution, disease spread, and low crop yields. Water pollution from waste, oil spills, and fishing impacts drinking water quality and causes fish kills. Air pollution from vehicle emissions and factories causes respiratory illness, global warming, and disease spread. The document recommends proper waste management, law enforcement, and green initiatives to address these issues and conserve the environment for future generations. Youth are encouraged to help by planting trees and properly disposing of trash.
Efficient Waste Disposal Paving the Way for a Sustainable Future.pdfpriya singh
Title: Efficient Waste Disposal: Paving the Way for a Sustainable Future
Introduction:
Waste disposal is a critical aspect of modern society as we grapple with increasing population growth, urbanization, and consumption. The improper management of waste poses significant environmental and health risks. However, by implementing efficient waste disposal practices, we can mitigate these challenges and move towards a more sustainable future. This article explores the importance of waste disposal, the environmental impact of improper waste management, and innovative solutions that can pave the way for a cleaner and healthier planet.
The Importance of Proper Waste Disposal:
Proper waste disposal is crucial for maintaining environmental quality and protecting human health. When waste is not managed correctly, it can contaminate soil, water bodies, and the air we breathe. Hazardous substances released from untreated waste can seep into groundwater, leading to the pollution of drinking water sources. Additionally, decomposing organic waste produces greenhouse gases such as methane, contributing to climate change.
The Environmental Impact of Improper Waste Management:
Improper waste management has severe consequences for the environment. One of the most significant issues is the pollution of our oceans. Plastic waste, in particular, poses a severe threat to marine ecosystems, with millions of tons ending up in the ocean each year. Marine animals can ingest or become entangled in plastic, causing injury or death. Furthermore, the presence of plastic particles in the water can disrupt the entire food chain, ultimately affecting human health.
Landfilling, another common waste disposal method, has detrimental effects as well. Landfills release greenhouse gases, primarily methane, which has a significantly higher global warming potential than carbon dioxide. Moreover, landfills take up valuable land space and can contaminate nearby soil and groundwater if not adequately managed.
Innovative Solutions for Efficient Waste Disposal:
Recycling: Recycling plays a crucial role in waste management. By transforming used materials into new products, recycling reduces the demand for raw materials, conserves energy, and decreases waste going to landfills. Governments and communities should promote recycling initiatives and establish comprehensive recycling programs to ensure widespread participation.
Composting: Organic waste can be converted into nutrient-rich compost through composting. Composting not only diverts organic waste from landfills but also produces a valuable resource for agriculture and landscaping. Encouraging individuals and businesses to compost can significantly reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills and enhance soil quality.
Waste-to-Energy (WTE) Facilities: WTE facilities convert non-recyclable waste into energy through various processes such as incineration or anaerobic digestion. These facilities generate electricity or heat while re
The document discusses various topics related to the environment and pollution. It includes questions about litter laws, recycling habits, types of pollution, renewable energy sources, global warming, deforestation, and ways to reduce environmental impact. The reader is prompted to consider their views on issues like banning cars from cities, increasing standards of living versus protecting the environment, and who is most responsible for pollution between individuals and governments.
INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCEShkokani2461
Environment is derived from the French word Environner, which means to
encircle or surround. Environment is defined as the sum total of water, air, land and the interrelationships that exist among them and with the human beings, other living organisms and
materials.
The document discusses e-waste recycling programs and the E-Stewards certification for e-waste recyclers. E-Stewards certification requires recyclers to meet strict environmental, health, and safety standards, including a ban on exporting toxic e-waste to developing countries and prohibiting the use of prison labor or disposal of e-waste in landfills and incinerators. The certification also aims to protect worker safety through extensive monitoring.
The document discusses the importance of keeping the environment clean and some of the main causes of environmental pollution like water pollution and litter. It then summarizes the experience of students from Mar Severious College who participated in a campus cleaning initiative. They removed waste from the college premises and divided into groups to clean different areas. The summary highlights the community spirit and unity developed through working together on the cleaning project. Disadvantages of green cleaning products are also outlined such as potentially taking longer to clean and ingredients not always being fully disclosed. Ways to protect the environment discussed include planting trees and adopting eco-friendly practices.
The document outlines the causes, effects, and methods of controlling solid waste pollution. It discusses how modern consumption patterns lead to increased solid waste generation. Improper disposal of solid waste can pollute the environment and pose health hazards. Common methods to control solid waste pollution include sanitary landfilling, incineration, composting, and recycling which aim to reduce environmental impacts and health risks when compared to open dumping. Proper solid waste management is important for creating a clean and sustainable environment.
The document summarizes information about solid waste management and environmental pollution. It discusses the causes and effects of solid waste pollution, as well as control measures like proper collection, disposal, and utilization of wastes. It also outlines the role individuals can play in preventing pollution through actions like reducing waste and using alternatives to plastics. Examples of major pollution events like the Donora smog disaster, Bhopal gas tragedy, Love Canal, arsenic groundwater pollution in India and Bangladesh, and the Chernobyl nuclear accident are provided to illustrate pollution problems.
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1. An interview with FUTURAMB CEO Nelson Lourenço
April 2015
When it all start?
We start in 2007, working on vermicomposting, a vermitechnology
segment, selling vermicompost and giving training lessons. For
almost three years, we worked only in this area and also on
vermiculture, basically to other our clients. We worked also with
schools, making several projects with children.
And then?
On 2010, we start developing vermicomposting and vermicultura
systems. Since 2011 we have focus on all vermitechnology areas: vermifertilization, that uses
vermicomposting products to soil benefits based on organic crop production, vermifiltration,
to treat domestic, urban, agricultural and industrial wastewater. Actually, we also develop
vermicomposting and vermifiltration systems. Our job congregates investigation, consultancy
and training. Apart of the training lessons, we give e-learning training lessons since 2014.
What is Vermitechnology?
Vermitechnology is the science that uses earthworms to face, control and solve the
environmental problems in the society and ecosystems. It’s an Environmental Engineering
segment.
Where are you placed?
We are placed in Algarve, in a small village called São Bartolomeu de Messines near Silves.
Your formation is allocated in this area?
I have a BSc on Environmental Engineering so I an Environmental Engineer in Portuguese
Engineers Association; I have also an MSc on Sustainable Management of Rural Areas and a
PhD on Environmental Sciences and Technologies. I think and believe that I have the technical
and scientific skills to lead this project. I’m an investigator, trainer and consultant.
2. Could you give us an idea of the Project?
Organic wastes and wastewaters are basically a source of organic matter, nutrients and energy
to the soil and plants. However, we struggle to understand that the wrong management of
these materials can lead to the pollution and contamination of the environment.
Climate changes are an issue of our generations, not the further. Incorrect waste management,
the pollution and contamination of soil and water are huge problems nowadays. We also face
a crises in crop production, with the demanding in chemical fertilizers with consequences no
the environment and human health. Water uses, water quality and water resources are a big
concern to the Wastewater Treatment Facilities. For all these reasons, we create this Project
and this idea. Vermitechnology aims to develop global and national environmental benefits to
the society. FUTURAMB is an arm of this idea.
Why kind of solutions have FUTURAMB?
Global warming is the present, not the past and not even the future. Organic waste wrong
management is part of this problem. The transport of the waste to landfill is also a problem
since waste already has an ecological footprint. We increase this footprint with the transport.
Our focus is to develop on-site technologies and processes that reduce the amount of Carbon
Dioxide and Methane to the atmosphere associated with the waste and wastewater
management. We also focus on the soil quality and organic fertilization with vermicomposting
products.
Tell us about the main FUTURAMB process?
Vermicomposting uses epigenic earthworms to treat organic waste streams and produce
vermicompost and other secondary products. It reduces the organic waste volume to landfill
and greenhouse gas emissions. Vermifiltration is a technology that uses epigenic earthworms
to treat domestic, urban, agricultural or industrial wastewater. It’s a passive system that adapts
the vermicomposting and tricking filters processes. The processes include primary, secondary
and tertiary wastewater treatments. Vermifertilization uses the products produced in
vermicomposting to promote soil quality and fertility based in a organic production process.
What kind of problems did you face until now?
Portuguese governmental organisms are lacking in ideas and solutions to face environmental
issues. We identify this problem several years ago: the leaders and technicians that worked in
these organisms don’t have an adequate formation for the place. We are 30 years back. We
still understand the problems in a general way, not in an individual way like the “Age locally,
think globally” mentality. The major part of portuguese politicians and technicians doesn’t
have the technical and scientific skills. As an example, in Silves Municipal Council, the
Environmental Department never heard about vermifiltration! We need to change these
situations.
3. What are your advantages in the market?
We never have a support of local governments. That’s an advantage for us. We don’t depend
of partnerships, groups or supporters. We are 100% independent. We made this success by
our own. We never have any help for the government authorities. It’s not strange that the
Portuguese government never helped us. As I said before, we are 30 years back and still will
be.