This document provides an internship report on Volvo Buses. It discusses Volvo's commitment to quality and sustainability. It describes the manufacturing process at Volvo's Hoskote plant in India, including component manufacturing, chassis assembly, painting, interior/exterior assembly, and final assembly. It also discusses the quality assurance processes and the author's learning during the internship, including learning about electronic architectures in buses.
Roller bearing used in railway coachessachin deora
This presentation is useful for that every person who complete their summer training under Railway Carriage Workshops For fulfillment for award of degree of B.Tech.
Handbook on maintenance of air brake system in lhb coaches (ftil type)SrinivasaRao Guduru
This document provides a maintenance handbook for the air brake system used in Indian Railways' LHB coaches. It covers the introduction, key features, principles of operation, parts lists, descriptions and maintenance procedures for the various components that make up the air brake system. The system uses a twin pipe graduated release design with additional safety features such as a brake panel, distributor valve, relay valve, brake pipe accelerator valve and passenger emergency valves. Disc brakes are mounted on each wheel and the system aims to provide safe and reliable braking performance for high-speed trains.
Report on Industrial Training at Indian Ordnance FactoryAkash Bisariya
This document provides information about Akash Shankar Bisariya's 6-week internship at the Ordnance Clothing Factory in Shahjahanpur, India. It includes details about the factory's history and products, organizational structure, policies, and sections like HRD, training, and the Information Technology Center. The IT Center manages various computerized systems like the Production Planning and Control package, electronic attendance recording, communications network, and others to handle factory information processing and administration. Akash completed his internship focusing on the "PIS (Personal Information System) Module in Php" under the guidance of supervisors.
The document is a hold harmless agreement for an organization participating in the 2012 Memorial Day Parade. The organization agrees to save, defend, and indemnify the parade committee from any claims resulting from or connected to the parade. The agreement must be signed by an authorized official of the participating organization and returned before the parade date.
Manufacturing process & assembly of automobileYashraj Patil
The document summarizes the key processes involved in automobile manufacturing, including chassis production, e-coating, surface finishing, pre-assembly, and final assembly. It describes how the chassis is constructed through welding and how the body is coated to prevent corrosion before major components like doors and instrument panels are added. Quality inspection occurs at various stages before cars move to the final assembly line where numerous units further prepare the vehicle for production.
Study on Coach interior fittings of ICF and LHB coachesrakeshmanthu
This presentation involves about various types of coaches used in indian railways. It also includes the comparison between ICF and LHB coaches and safety features for customers provided in it. Also, includes the modifications to be provided in those coaches on future.
Vehicle Body Engineering Bus Body DetailsRajat Seth
This document discusses different types and classifications of bus bodies. It describes mini buses, town/city buses, suburban buses, and luxury coaches based on their passenger capacity and key features. The document also provides a table comparing passenger capacities for different bus types. Finally, it classifies buses based on body shape, such as classic, single deck, double deck, two level single decker, and articulated buses.
EOT Crane Inspection Check list, helpful for safety officers during inspectionBimal Chandra Das
This document contains a checklist for inspecting an EOT crane. It lists 17 parameters to observe including the condition of the cabin, lift platform, limits, neutral interlock system, emergency switches, collector platform, bridge lights, walkways, rails, hooks, pulleys, and ropes. For each parameter, the inspection notes the observation and any remarks. The checklist is used to systematically inspect all components of the EOT crane.
Roller bearing used in railway coachessachin deora
This presentation is useful for that every person who complete their summer training under Railway Carriage Workshops For fulfillment for award of degree of B.Tech.
Handbook on maintenance of air brake system in lhb coaches (ftil type)SrinivasaRao Guduru
This document provides a maintenance handbook for the air brake system used in Indian Railways' LHB coaches. It covers the introduction, key features, principles of operation, parts lists, descriptions and maintenance procedures for the various components that make up the air brake system. The system uses a twin pipe graduated release design with additional safety features such as a brake panel, distributor valve, relay valve, brake pipe accelerator valve and passenger emergency valves. Disc brakes are mounted on each wheel and the system aims to provide safe and reliable braking performance for high-speed trains.
Report on Industrial Training at Indian Ordnance FactoryAkash Bisariya
This document provides information about Akash Shankar Bisariya's 6-week internship at the Ordnance Clothing Factory in Shahjahanpur, India. It includes details about the factory's history and products, organizational structure, policies, and sections like HRD, training, and the Information Technology Center. The IT Center manages various computerized systems like the Production Planning and Control package, electronic attendance recording, communications network, and others to handle factory information processing and administration. Akash completed his internship focusing on the "PIS (Personal Information System) Module in Php" under the guidance of supervisors.
The document is a hold harmless agreement for an organization participating in the 2012 Memorial Day Parade. The organization agrees to save, defend, and indemnify the parade committee from any claims resulting from or connected to the parade. The agreement must be signed by an authorized official of the participating organization and returned before the parade date.
Manufacturing process & assembly of automobileYashraj Patil
The document summarizes the key processes involved in automobile manufacturing, including chassis production, e-coating, surface finishing, pre-assembly, and final assembly. It describes how the chassis is constructed through welding and how the body is coated to prevent corrosion before major components like doors and instrument panels are added. Quality inspection occurs at various stages before cars move to the final assembly line where numerous units further prepare the vehicle for production.
Study on Coach interior fittings of ICF and LHB coachesrakeshmanthu
This presentation involves about various types of coaches used in indian railways. It also includes the comparison between ICF and LHB coaches and safety features for customers provided in it. Also, includes the modifications to be provided in those coaches on future.
Vehicle Body Engineering Bus Body DetailsRajat Seth
This document discusses different types and classifications of bus bodies. It describes mini buses, town/city buses, suburban buses, and luxury coaches based on their passenger capacity and key features. The document also provides a table comparing passenger capacities for different bus types. Finally, it classifies buses based on body shape, such as classic, single deck, double deck, two level single decker, and articulated buses.
EOT Crane Inspection Check list, helpful for safety officers during inspectionBimal Chandra Das
This document contains a checklist for inspecting an EOT crane. It lists 17 parameters to observe including the condition of the cabin, lift platform, limits, neutral interlock system, emergency switches, collector platform, bridge lights, walkways, rails, hooks, pulleys, and ropes. For each parameter, the inspection notes the observation and any remarks. The checklist is used to systematically inspect all components of the EOT crane.
Autonomous maintenance (AM) involves individual workers maintaining their own equipment through preventative measures like daily checks and correct operation. This represents a shift from a traditional model where production and maintenance were separate functions. AM aims to improve reliability by empowering workers and changing maintenance practices based on equipment changes. Key aspects of AM include preventative maintenance activities to avoid deterioration, regular inspections to detect issues, and prompt repairs to address problems. AM is implemented through a seven step process that establishes cleaning and lubrication standards for equipment.
The document provides information about maintenance schedules for Indian railway coaches. It discusses periodic overhauling that occurs every 18 months to renew coaches. Key components maintained include wheels and profiles, axles, air brake systems, and toilets. Various coach types like ICF and LHB are outlined, along with their dimensions and materials. Maintenance of bogies, coach bodies, windows, and water tanks is also summarized.
The document outlines the key stages in the automobile manufacturing process:
1. Concept design where vehicle designs are conceived and prototyped.
2. Press shop where metal parts like body panels are stamped from steel sheets.
3. Body assembly where the vehicle body is welded together by robots.
4. Paint shop where the body is pretreated, sealed, painted, and polished.
5. Powertrain where the engine is assembled and tested before being mated to the transmission.
6. Final assembly where all vehicle components are installed and quality tests are performed.
This document summarizes a performance test conducted on four cylinder and six cylinder diesel engines produced by Ashok Leyland. Key findings include:
- The four cylinder diesel engine had higher mechanical efficiency than the six cylinder engine, making it preferred for performance.
- Graphs show relationships between brake power, smoke, specific fuel consumption, and mechanical efficiency.
- Testing involved measuring time for fuel flow, speed, torque, smoke, specific fuel consumption, brake power, indicated power, and efficiencies.
- The conclusions could help the company save fuel and reduce emissions, while increasing engine production.
Project powerpoint presentation on Materials used in automotive industries Vidyasagar Ghantoji
This document provides an overview of materials used in automotive industries. It discusses the chassis and frame, which is made of galvanized steel, aluminum, and other alloys. It also discusses the different types of frames like ladder, backbone, and monocoque frames. Other automotive components discussed include the engine, which uses materials like iron, steel, aluminum, and composites. Additional components and their materials mentioned include tires made of rubber, lights made of plastics, and an electrical system containing copper. The document concludes by acknowledging those who provided guidance for the project.
This presentation outlines the processes and benefits of applying enhanced maintenance planning techniques such as Reliability Centred Maintenance at your place of work. Please go to www.simenergy.co.uk for more information.
automobile workshop ppt Traning report by c rang rajan and sudhir kumarchakrawarti rang rajan
The document provides an overview of the key components and systems of an automobile. It begins with an introduction to Karlo Automobiles, an Indian vehicle repair workshop. It then defines an automobile and describes its main parts like the engine, transmission system including the clutch, gearbox, propeller shaft, differential, wheels, axle and chassis. The document further explains the body, suspension system, cooling system, steering system, braking system and lighting system of a car. Diagrams and pictures are included to illustrate the different components. The presentation aims to provide trainees an understanding of the various parts that make up a motor vehicle.
Indian railways mechanical vocational training report 1 haxxo24 i~ihaxxo24
Indian Railways was previously transporting passengers using coaches designed by ICF that had limitations in speed, corrosion resistance, ride comfort, and part wear. To address this, it began procuring LHB coaches from Alstom featuring superior passenger experience, safety, and maintenance needs. Key benefits of LHB coaches include higher capacity, lower weight, reduced corrosion, lower maintenance requirements, and improved aesthetics, comfort, and safety. They use advanced materials, designs, and manufacturing techniques.
Crash tests are conducted to evaluate vehicle safety and reduce injuries. Standard tests include frontal impacts at 35 mph into a barrier, side impacts from a moving barrier at 31 mph, and offset frontal crashes where only one side hits a barrier at 40 mph. Advanced crash test facilities use dummies equipped with sensors, barriers, and high speed cameras to analyze crash forces and the likelihood of injury. Vehicle structures are designed to manage crash energy through elements like crumple zones that absorb the force of impacts. Star ratings indicate a vehicle's expected level of occupant protection based on test results.
Various Mechanical Units Involved in The Bottling Of LPG cylindersMohit Dhull
LPG BOTTLING PLANTS
MECHANICAL UNITS INVOLVED IN THE PROCESS OF FILLING OF LPG CYLINDERS
REFERENCES USED
LPG DETAILS ,RECOVERY,PRODUCTION
FIRE SAFETY SYSTEMS
The document is an industrial training report on diesel locomotive technology submitted by Shivam Prajapati. It includes an acknowledgement, contents listing the topics covered in the report such as the introduction of Indian Railways, diesel locomotive shed in Charbagh, diesel electric locomotive components, fuel section, lube oil control section, turbosupercharger, fuel oil pump, bogie, air brake, traction motor, generator, power pack, and failure analysis. It also includes diagrams to illustrate parts of the locomotive like the fuel tank and turbosupercharger.
Total productive maintenance (TPM) aims to increase equipment effectiveness through the involvement of both management and operators. It has 8 pillars: 5S, autonomous maintenance, planned maintenance, quality maintenance, training, safety and health, and office TPM. The goals of TPM include minimizing breakdowns and accidents, improving employee skills, increasing productivity, reducing costs, and satisfying customers.
The document summarizes a student's final project on studying the frontal impact of a passenger bus. The aim was to simulate frontal impact and recommend safety improvements. The student conducted literature reviews, modeled the bus geometry, generated finite element models, and simulated frontal impact. Results showed peak loads could be reduced by 4% with crush initiators. Future work could involve simulating subsystems and injury parameters to further improve structural safety.
This document provides details about Ashutosh Khaitan's six-week industrial training at the Coach Care Centre in Old Delhi railway station from June-July 2013. It includes a training schedule, acknowledgements, abbreviations used, and an introduction to the Coach Care Centre and its role in railway maintenance. The bulk of the document describes procedures for intermediate overhauling of coaches, air brake system maintenance and repair, brake down maintenance, and washing line maintenance.
I had done 1 month summer training on topic " AIR BRAKE SYSTEM USED IN LOCOMOTIVE " from LOCO workshop, LKO....students who are doing so....this file can help them to prepare project file...
Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is a methodology for optimizing manufacturing equipment effectiveness through a team-based approach involving both maintenance and operators. The goals of TPM include maintaining equipment for its entire life, eliminating losses like defects, accidents, and failures, and empowering employees. It has eight pillars of activities including autonomous maintenance, planned maintenance, quality maintenance, and education/training. TPM aims to reduce waste and improve overall equipment effectiveness through continuous improvement efforts.
I tried to cover as much information as possible from various sources about manufacturing , properties and various wheel defects in wheels of trains in railway indutsry
This document provides details about an internship training project conducted at the Central Railway Locomotive Workshop in Parel, Mumbai. It includes an introduction, certificates of completion for three interns, an acknowledgment, an index of topics covered in the internship report, and initial sections on braking systems used in Indian railways. Specifically, it discusses the classification of braking systems, focusing on air brake systems which use compressed air supplied by air compressors to activate brakes on each coach through a series of pipes, reservoirs, valves and cylinders.
TPM (Total Productive Maintenance) is a Japanese approach to equipment maintenance that focuses on minimizing breakdowns and maximizing equipment efficiency. It involves operators performing basic cleaning and inspections of equipment on a daily basis through autonomous maintenance. The goals of TPM and autonomous maintenance include eliminating equipment losses to improve overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) and increase productivity, quality and profitability through early problem detection and correction. Autonomous maintenance is carried out through a 7 step process that includes cleaning, inspection, identifying abnormalities, and standardizing maintenance procedures.
This document provides a training report on air brake systems used in railways. It describes the components and functioning of single pipe and twin pipe air brake systems. It discusses the limitations of single pipe systems and how twin pipe systems address these issues. It also outlines procedures for testing air brake systems, maintaining different components, and ensuring trains are safe to operate.
Mundo Facebook: ideas y números en EcuadorBitscuits
Facebook comenzó como una red social para estudiantes de la Universidad de Harvard y desde entonces se ha convertido en la plataforma de redes sociales más grande del mundo con más de 1000 millones de usuarios. El documento proporciona detalles sobre el crecimiento e historia de Facebook, incluida su adquisición de Instagram en 2012, y estadísticas sobre el uso de Facebook en Ecuador, donde la red social tiene más de 5.5 millones de usuarios.
Este documento trata sobre el uso de las TIC en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. Se realizaron encuestas a estudiantes de institutos de formación docente que muestran que usan las TIC diariamente pero de forma limitada en sus estudios. Una entrevista a un profesor revela que los docentes están incorporando gradualmente las TIC en sus prácticas pero se necesita un mayor cambio. Se concluye que es importante que los docentes incorporen significativamente las TIC en sus enseñanzas para adaptarse a la cultura digital, pero
Autonomous maintenance (AM) involves individual workers maintaining their own equipment through preventative measures like daily checks and correct operation. This represents a shift from a traditional model where production and maintenance were separate functions. AM aims to improve reliability by empowering workers and changing maintenance practices based on equipment changes. Key aspects of AM include preventative maintenance activities to avoid deterioration, regular inspections to detect issues, and prompt repairs to address problems. AM is implemented through a seven step process that establishes cleaning and lubrication standards for equipment.
The document provides information about maintenance schedules for Indian railway coaches. It discusses periodic overhauling that occurs every 18 months to renew coaches. Key components maintained include wheels and profiles, axles, air brake systems, and toilets. Various coach types like ICF and LHB are outlined, along with their dimensions and materials. Maintenance of bogies, coach bodies, windows, and water tanks is also summarized.
The document outlines the key stages in the automobile manufacturing process:
1. Concept design where vehicle designs are conceived and prototyped.
2. Press shop where metal parts like body panels are stamped from steel sheets.
3. Body assembly where the vehicle body is welded together by robots.
4. Paint shop where the body is pretreated, sealed, painted, and polished.
5. Powertrain where the engine is assembled and tested before being mated to the transmission.
6. Final assembly where all vehicle components are installed and quality tests are performed.
This document summarizes a performance test conducted on four cylinder and six cylinder diesel engines produced by Ashok Leyland. Key findings include:
- The four cylinder diesel engine had higher mechanical efficiency than the six cylinder engine, making it preferred for performance.
- Graphs show relationships between brake power, smoke, specific fuel consumption, and mechanical efficiency.
- Testing involved measuring time for fuel flow, speed, torque, smoke, specific fuel consumption, brake power, indicated power, and efficiencies.
- The conclusions could help the company save fuel and reduce emissions, while increasing engine production.
Project powerpoint presentation on Materials used in automotive industries Vidyasagar Ghantoji
This document provides an overview of materials used in automotive industries. It discusses the chassis and frame, which is made of galvanized steel, aluminum, and other alloys. It also discusses the different types of frames like ladder, backbone, and monocoque frames. Other automotive components discussed include the engine, which uses materials like iron, steel, aluminum, and composites. Additional components and their materials mentioned include tires made of rubber, lights made of plastics, and an electrical system containing copper. The document concludes by acknowledging those who provided guidance for the project.
This presentation outlines the processes and benefits of applying enhanced maintenance planning techniques such as Reliability Centred Maintenance at your place of work. Please go to www.simenergy.co.uk for more information.
automobile workshop ppt Traning report by c rang rajan and sudhir kumarchakrawarti rang rajan
The document provides an overview of the key components and systems of an automobile. It begins with an introduction to Karlo Automobiles, an Indian vehicle repair workshop. It then defines an automobile and describes its main parts like the engine, transmission system including the clutch, gearbox, propeller shaft, differential, wheels, axle and chassis. The document further explains the body, suspension system, cooling system, steering system, braking system and lighting system of a car. Diagrams and pictures are included to illustrate the different components. The presentation aims to provide trainees an understanding of the various parts that make up a motor vehicle.
Indian railways mechanical vocational training report 1 haxxo24 i~ihaxxo24
Indian Railways was previously transporting passengers using coaches designed by ICF that had limitations in speed, corrosion resistance, ride comfort, and part wear. To address this, it began procuring LHB coaches from Alstom featuring superior passenger experience, safety, and maintenance needs. Key benefits of LHB coaches include higher capacity, lower weight, reduced corrosion, lower maintenance requirements, and improved aesthetics, comfort, and safety. They use advanced materials, designs, and manufacturing techniques.
Crash tests are conducted to evaluate vehicle safety and reduce injuries. Standard tests include frontal impacts at 35 mph into a barrier, side impacts from a moving barrier at 31 mph, and offset frontal crashes where only one side hits a barrier at 40 mph. Advanced crash test facilities use dummies equipped with sensors, barriers, and high speed cameras to analyze crash forces and the likelihood of injury. Vehicle structures are designed to manage crash energy through elements like crumple zones that absorb the force of impacts. Star ratings indicate a vehicle's expected level of occupant protection based on test results.
Various Mechanical Units Involved in The Bottling Of LPG cylindersMohit Dhull
LPG BOTTLING PLANTS
MECHANICAL UNITS INVOLVED IN THE PROCESS OF FILLING OF LPG CYLINDERS
REFERENCES USED
LPG DETAILS ,RECOVERY,PRODUCTION
FIRE SAFETY SYSTEMS
The document is an industrial training report on diesel locomotive technology submitted by Shivam Prajapati. It includes an acknowledgement, contents listing the topics covered in the report such as the introduction of Indian Railways, diesel locomotive shed in Charbagh, diesel electric locomotive components, fuel section, lube oil control section, turbosupercharger, fuel oil pump, bogie, air brake, traction motor, generator, power pack, and failure analysis. It also includes diagrams to illustrate parts of the locomotive like the fuel tank and turbosupercharger.
Total productive maintenance (TPM) aims to increase equipment effectiveness through the involvement of both management and operators. It has 8 pillars: 5S, autonomous maintenance, planned maintenance, quality maintenance, training, safety and health, and office TPM. The goals of TPM include minimizing breakdowns and accidents, improving employee skills, increasing productivity, reducing costs, and satisfying customers.
The document summarizes a student's final project on studying the frontal impact of a passenger bus. The aim was to simulate frontal impact and recommend safety improvements. The student conducted literature reviews, modeled the bus geometry, generated finite element models, and simulated frontal impact. Results showed peak loads could be reduced by 4% with crush initiators. Future work could involve simulating subsystems and injury parameters to further improve structural safety.
This document provides details about Ashutosh Khaitan's six-week industrial training at the Coach Care Centre in Old Delhi railway station from June-July 2013. It includes a training schedule, acknowledgements, abbreviations used, and an introduction to the Coach Care Centre and its role in railway maintenance. The bulk of the document describes procedures for intermediate overhauling of coaches, air brake system maintenance and repair, brake down maintenance, and washing line maintenance.
I had done 1 month summer training on topic " AIR BRAKE SYSTEM USED IN LOCOMOTIVE " from LOCO workshop, LKO....students who are doing so....this file can help them to prepare project file...
Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is a methodology for optimizing manufacturing equipment effectiveness through a team-based approach involving both maintenance and operators. The goals of TPM include maintaining equipment for its entire life, eliminating losses like defects, accidents, and failures, and empowering employees. It has eight pillars of activities including autonomous maintenance, planned maintenance, quality maintenance, and education/training. TPM aims to reduce waste and improve overall equipment effectiveness through continuous improvement efforts.
I tried to cover as much information as possible from various sources about manufacturing , properties and various wheel defects in wheels of trains in railway indutsry
This document provides details about an internship training project conducted at the Central Railway Locomotive Workshop in Parel, Mumbai. It includes an introduction, certificates of completion for three interns, an acknowledgment, an index of topics covered in the internship report, and initial sections on braking systems used in Indian railways. Specifically, it discusses the classification of braking systems, focusing on air brake systems which use compressed air supplied by air compressors to activate brakes on each coach through a series of pipes, reservoirs, valves and cylinders.
TPM (Total Productive Maintenance) is a Japanese approach to equipment maintenance that focuses on minimizing breakdowns and maximizing equipment efficiency. It involves operators performing basic cleaning and inspections of equipment on a daily basis through autonomous maintenance. The goals of TPM and autonomous maintenance include eliminating equipment losses to improve overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) and increase productivity, quality and profitability through early problem detection and correction. Autonomous maintenance is carried out through a 7 step process that includes cleaning, inspection, identifying abnormalities, and standardizing maintenance procedures.
This document provides a training report on air brake systems used in railways. It describes the components and functioning of single pipe and twin pipe air brake systems. It discusses the limitations of single pipe systems and how twin pipe systems address these issues. It also outlines procedures for testing air brake systems, maintaining different components, and ensuring trains are safe to operate.
Mundo Facebook: ideas y números en EcuadorBitscuits
Facebook comenzó como una red social para estudiantes de la Universidad de Harvard y desde entonces se ha convertido en la plataforma de redes sociales más grande del mundo con más de 1000 millones de usuarios. El documento proporciona detalles sobre el crecimiento e historia de Facebook, incluida su adquisición de Instagram en 2012, y estadísticas sobre el uso de Facebook en Ecuador, donde la red social tiene más de 5.5 millones de usuarios.
Este documento trata sobre el uso de las TIC en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. Se realizaron encuestas a estudiantes de institutos de formación docente que muestran que usan las TIC diariamente pero de forma limitada en sus estudios. Una entrevista a un profesor revela que los docentes están incorporando gradualmente las TIC en sus prácticas pero se necesita un mayor cambio. Se concluye que es importante que los docentes incorporen significativamente las TIC en sus enseñanzas para adaptarse a la cultura digital, pero
El documento habla sobre el almacenamiento en la nube (cloud storage) y la red profesional LinkedIn. Explica que el almacenamiento en la nube permite almacenar archivos en línea de forma accesible desde cualquier dispositivo, y ofrece ventajas como respaldo de archivos, sincronización entre dispositivos y ahorro de costos. También señala que LinkedIn es una importante red profesional que permite crear un perfil, mejorar la red de contactos participando en grupos, y tener una presencia digital que facilite encontrar trabajo u
The document summarizes the results of a survey of 106 respondents from supplier organizations and EPCs about the challenges of project document control. Key findings include:
- Suppliers face difficulties mapping document codes, negotiating requirements after purchase orders, and creating project documentation. EPCs struggle with schedule changes and scope adjustments.
- Suppliers lack dedicated document control resources and systems like EDMS, relying on emails. EPCs invest in information management but have little time to verify supplier data.
- The survey identifies areas for improvement like clearly defining requirements, standardizing codes, automating metadata loading, and tailored payment holdbacks based on supplier performance. Establishing internal document control procedures and billing policies is advised for suppliers
TDD for APIs in a Microservice World (extended Version) by Michael Kuehne-Sch...Michael Kuehne-Schlinkert
It can be tough to test an apparently simple service comprehensively. A microservice architecture brings a new level of complexity to the question “How can we validate that our API is working as intended?”
In this talk Michael will explain how to use test driven development for APIs and even further how TDD can drive an API Design towards a more usable design, and how to build an well-tested ecosystem of microservices. This approach is applicable for different kinds of services (REST APIs, websockets, industrial protocols). Independent from the type of interface we always ran into similar problems when we build an ecosystem of services. We have to deal with dependency, asynchronous behaviours, fallback mechanisms, endpoint versioning and sometimes even shared databases. It's not trivial to apply TDD to these kinds of problems cause you have to think of scenarios. But there are ways of identify these scenarios and to test them.
As an API specialist Michael worked with various clients designing, building, testing, maintaining and even redesigning private and public services. Based on his project experience he developed a practical approach to apply TDD to APIs in microservice ecosystems.
The document discusses performance issues that can arise in Java applications and strategies for identifying bottlenecks. It provides an overview of potential causes of slowness at the server, browser, application, and database levels. It also describes various profiling tools like JVisualVM, JProfiler, and SJK ttop that can help analyze thread CPU usage, memory usage, and garbage collection to diagnose specific problems like CPU hogs, thread contention, and full GC pauses. The document provides examples of how to profile applications built with JEE technologies like JBoss, Seam and Hibernate. It also lists JVM options for tuning garbage collection, particularly for the Concurrent Mark Sweep (CMS) and Garbage First (G1
Este documento resume los resultados de una investigación sobre el uso de las TIC por parte de docentes y estudiantes en institutos de formación docente. Los estudiantes usan las TIC diariamente y las consideran útiles para la búsqueda de información, pero todavía no las usan mucho en proyectos colaborativos o trabajos escolares. Los docentes están empezando a incorporar las TIC en sus clases de forma gradual. Se concluye que es importante que los docentes sigan integrando significativamente las TIC en sus prácticas pedagógicas para aprove
El documento resume las características generales del Sistema Solar, incluyendo la ley de gravitación universal de Newton, las características de los planetas como su órbita alrededor del Sol y forma esférica, y los satélites naturales, cometas y asteroides como cuerpos que orbitan planetas, son irregulares y pequeños, y objetos rocosos respectivamente.
How Change Management Solutions Improve your Customer Experience, by Donna We...Fresche Solutions
How Change Management Solutions Improve your Customer Experience, by Donna Westmoreland from Midrange Dynamics- presented at iBelieve Dallas, November 3, 2016.
A presentation about change management solutions built for IBM i modernization.
Este documento contiene las preguntas frecuentes sobre el curso virtual "El acompañamiento en soporte pedagógico como estrategia para la mejora del desempeño docente". Explica conceptos clave como la observación participante, la sesión compartida, y el plan de acompañamiento individualizado. También ofrece consejos sobre cómo desarrollar el pensamiento crítico en los estudiantes y abordar temas como los procesos didácticos en las sesiones de acompañamiento.
Este documento proporciona información sobre el uso de Twitter y YouTube para agencias gubernamentales y de atención pública. Explica las ventajas de usar estas plataformas para comunicarse con los ciudadanos, proveer información sobre servicios, y promover la participación ciudadana. También incluye consejos sobre el vocabulario básico de Twitter, estadísticas, estrategias de contenido y engagement, y las nuevas reglas de YouTube para canales verificados.
Este documento presenta los servicios de una empresa llamada Bitscuits que se dedica a asesorar, desarrollar y promover negocios online. Ofrece servicios como asesoría estratégica, desarrollo de sitios web y aplicaciones, integración de redes sociales, y formación. También incluye varias secciones sobre conceptos clave como la democratización de la información en Internet, la importancia de las conversaciones entre humanos, y cómo las empresas deben adaptarse a esta nueva realidad interconectada.
From RPG OA to Node.js: Approaches to Application Modernization - Greg PattersonFresche Solutions
From RPG OA to Node.js: Approaches to Application Modernization, a presentation by Greg Patterson, IBM i modernization specialist at Fresche at iBelieve Dallas, November 3, 2016.
Presentation covers:
• Brief History of Modernization Brief History of Modernization
• 5250 Refacing Refacing Refacing
• RPG OA
• PHP
• Node.js
• Mobile
Este documento habla sobre la educación y la tecnología. Define la educación como el proceso de transmitir conocimientos, valores y habilidades a través de métodos interactivos y flexibles. Explora cómo aplicaciones como Busuu, Khan Academy y Gmail facilitan el aprendizaje y ponen el conocimiento al alcance de todos. Concluye que la educación es fundamental para el progreso humano.
This document provides a list of the top 20 happy Republic Day images that can be shared on Facebook and WhatsApp. It includes links to a website with digital images celebrating Republic Day in India that are suitable for social media sharing with friends and family. The images aim to spread happiness and patriotism on this national holiday.
SPEAK UP
Take the information here and share it with your friends and co-workers, post it to your walls.
Talk about safety at work and also when you get together with your co-workers after clocking out.
Never by-pass the safety features or take short cuts, report unsafe conditions and follow safety rules to protect yourself and others.
Doing so will give you a strong foundation for a lifetime of working safely.
SPEAK UP is an non- office hour initiative by me, for an informal group discussion that focus on a particular safety issue related to a specific job, work place hazard and safe work practices which is commonly known to all as The Toolbox Talk. It is one of the effective methods to refresh knowledge, and exchange information.
Primarily to start with, the contents will be in English without any professional editing, later on responses and feedback from readers about the idea and the contents professional editing, designing and translation to various regional languages viz. Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Odia and Gujarati will be featured.
Awaiting you in the comment section below.
Franco Pezza provides a portfolio summarizing his experience in engineering and design projects. He discusses his viewpoint that evolving technologies, like 3D modeling and simulation, can improve efficiency. The portfolio then summarizes several of Pezza's projects, including designing an adhesive dispenser, paper bag machine, Cartesian robot, and high-security lockset. It provides contact information for Franco Pezza.
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Internship report [AW]
1. Volvo Buses- Pioneers of quality and sustainability:
An Internship Report
Author: Aaditya Wahi
Mentor: Dr. V Nagaraj
Semester: 3
Date: 5th August 2016
Word count: 2500
2. Certificate of appreciation:
This is to show that Aaditya Wahi of Queen’s University Belfast has
completed a term of internship from Volvo India Pvt Ltd-Buses
Division.
This internship was completed under the Guidance of Dr V Nagaraj
with the assistance of Mr Prabhakar N.
____________ ____________ _____________
PrabhakarN Dr. V Nagaraj Steve Mathias
UD BusDivision UD BusDivision Human resources
3. Acknowledgement:
Firstly, I would like to Acknowledge Mr Akash Passey, Senior Vice President,
Business region International, Volvo Buses, for recommendation of work in this
branch. I would like to mention and thank Dr. V Nagaraj of UD Buses to guide
me during the process ofthe internship. A special mention to Mr Prabhakar N
for giving immense insight on the working of the machinery and the
significance of industrial ethics. I would also be obliged to acknowledge Mr
Steve Mathias for helping me out with certain formalities. I would like to
acknowledge Mr Mahendran for helping me by giving a lot of information on
the working of the engines in the buses. Another acknowledgement I would like
to make are Mr Arif and Mr Hari Babu for helping me understand how the
buses are used, the functionality of its parts and how the drivers of Volvo buses
are trained.
4. Introduction:
For a relatively moderate-sized company, Volvo has made substantial progress
in design and manufacturing technology. In some areas, it is at par with some
Japanese companies and ahead of some European and American rivals.
Established in Sweden in 1927, Volvo has today becomea truly global
company, with operations in over 20 countries, and nearly 90 per cent of its
revenue coming from international operations. Volvo India Private Limited was
established in 1998 as a fully-owned subsidiary of Volvo, Sweden. The
assembly and bodymanufacturing plant is located at Hoskote near Bangalore.
The first bus model launched was B7R in 2001. The unit has come leaps and
bounds ahead as they launched a new model called B7R low entry in 2009
which is a great success.
Volvo is well aware of the fact that design is a process just like typical
manufacturing processes. Like manufacturing processes, the design processes
must be studied, rearranged, analysed for their pacing operations and required
information, and redesigned for greater efficiency and higher quality output.
5. About the buses:
The buses are available in four different models which are B7R, B7RLE, B9R
and B11R. The models B7R, B9R and B11R are made for intercity travel
whereas the B7RLE is mainly used for city travel. These buses are economical,
environment friendly and have various other features. The buses comes with a
strong bodyframe and anti-corrosion treatment to withstand tough operational
conditions and offer higher durability. Its unique true bus chassis design makes
long distance travel much more comfortable. The all new driver controls
environment makes it driver-friendly for stress-free, long journeys. They come
with ergonomic seats that provide good comfort.
Volvo buses are fitted with an air suspensionwith two air bellows in the front
and four air-bellows in the rear. The system efficiently irons out irregularities of
the road and offers a high degree of ride comfort. Powerful headlights and high-
set brake lamps further reduce the risk of accidents.
The Volvo buses meet the EU’s Bus and CoachDirective, and the
Indian Superstructure Strength Directive requirements, which means the vehicle
has to withstand a rollover without the roof collapsing. The interior is soft and
free from protruding parts or sharp edges.
The Volvo buses are designed to be maintenance-friendly. Long oil change
intervals and maintenance-free prop shaft joints, half-shafts and rear wheel
bearings make for short and less frequent workshop visits. In addition, Volvo’s
multiplex electronics system functions as a preventive maintenance tool via the
diagnostic system. The electronics controlengine speed and power as required.
Volvo buses are not only the industry’s most reliable chassis but also one of the
market’s most fuel-efficient drivelines. This is the foundation for efficient,
economical transport as both operating costs and emissions are low. This is
what is meant when the phrase green efficiency is used. With Volvo the
customer can be green and efficient at the same time.
6. The Hoskote Plant:
The productionplant can be classified into 3 major manufacturing lines and 20
different work centres. They are as follows:
1) Component line which includes the Integrated chassis,
2) Chassis assemblywhich includes Panelling and finishing, Interior and
exterior assembly, Final assembly
3) Finishing line including paint shop, Wheel alignment, PDI- Pre Delivery
Inspection, Audit Bay, Shower testing, Quality Assurance (Green OK). A
storage unit and a protoshop is also available to test newer and more
advanced models of buses.
7. Component Line:
Materials such as sheet metal and tubes made of galvanised iron are used. They
are received from the supplier in different dimensions and stored.
Manufacturing processesare then performed on these metals to get the desired
shape and size of the component.
The manufacturing processes are as follows:
Tube buffing: The removal of rust from the GI tubes. Toolused is Dynabrade.
Tube cutting: Cutting at different angles laterally. Toolused is Behringer
GMBH.
Tube bending: This involves the bending of the tubes by applying pressure on
the tube either in a two dimensional form or three dimensional form. Tools used
are 2-d: CNC profile bending machine; and
3-d: Fly press.
Sheet shearing: The process ofcutting sheets along the vertical axis. Tools used
is the sheet shearing machine (Hindustan Hydraulics).
Drilling: The drill is used to bore holes into the tubes of standard depth. The
diameter of the holes can be changed. The tool used is a horizontal industrial
drill.
Note that the above processes are manually operated.
Sheet bending: In this process sheet metal is bent about the thickness axis to
whichever required angle. This process is computerised.
8. Integrated Chassis:
The processedtubes and sheets are further work on to produceparts of the
chassis. The main process used to do so is MIG Welding. Metallic Inert Gas
welding (or MIG welding) is a process ofwelding using a mixture of Argon
gas, phosphorus and CarbonDioxide in the ratio of 3:1:16. A coil of soft iron
wire which is coated with copperis burnt and recast to form the welding film
material. Note that other forms of welding are not used as this process is
performed using inexpensive coil and is relatively easy to learn and operate.
The rear fitment and front fitment of the buses are welded together using sheet
metal and the tubes. The left side and right side structures of the buses are
welded using the tubes to form a jointed structure.
9. Chassis Assembly:
This part of the plant comprises of work centres numbered from 1 to 5. This
covers the following processes:
Brackets attachment
Valves attachment
Tank assembly
Compressorpipe assembly
Pneumatic routing
Front axle assembly
Front tyre fitment
Rear axle assembly
Rear tyre fitment
Engine docking
Radiator assembly
Cabin floor prep and welding
Cross member alignment
Rear protection beam welding
Engine service lamp bracket welding
Earthing bolt welding
Chassis cross member trimming by plasma cutting
A/C CompressorBracket Assembly and Welding
Passenger foot step
Gap filling by sealant
Absorberbracket and front impact tube welding assembly
Sealant application
Side wall assembly by welding
10. Structure Painting:
Pneumatic dustcleaning
Oil cleaning
Sanding
Buffing
Cleaning
Luggage area- Silver
Front and rear- Black
Panelling and fitment:
Roofpanel preparation and primer application
RoofLeft and Right hand side panel assembly
Roofcentral panel assembly
Roofpanel transfer
Masking and sealant finishing of centre panel
Side roof panel clamping and riveting
Fuel tank installation and connection
Electrical and pneumatic connection
Left hand side panel assembly
Right hand side panel assembly
Mineral wool fitment
Thermocol fitment
Air intake hose fitment
Roll forming
Engine start
Inverter cable laying and termination fuse harness
Pneumatic system leak test
Coolant oil fill
Hooter wiring harness routing
11. Interior and exterior assembly:
WC- 8 and 9
Fuse harness and main harness laying
Front FRP (Fibre reinforced plastic) bonding and clamping
Rear and front FRP setting and trimming
Plywood setting
Front bumper preparation
Bumper fitment
Rear bumper protection
Aluminium finisher bonding
Butyl tape application
Driver cabin plywood fitment
Partition wall plywood fitment
Footstep, luggage area, tool box, saloon, gangway and rear bench
plywood fitment
Rear engine hatch doorfitment
WC- 10:
Bottom seat rail fitment
Fuel tank covers fitment
Primer application for Bitutex
Bitutex application of one coat
Engine mesh fitment
Step beading in luggage
Roofharness laying
Rear view mirror wire harness laying and connections with hole making
Wiper assembly installation
Middle TV cable rooting
12. WC-11:
Mobile charger wiring
Dash board preparation and fitment
Flap doorlock fitment and setting
Flap dooralignment with rubber setting
Bitutex application of two coats
Glass fitting of left hand side and right hand side
Roofhatch cut out and A/C cut outs
Flap doors cable drilling
Flap doors cable routing
Engine service light and rear buzzer
WC-12, 13 and 14:
Roofhatch fitment
Document box door
DVD player fixing and termination
Door pneumatic installation
Temperature sensorconnection
Electric horn fitment
Door top finisher fitment
Inside sealant finishing
Spare wheel bracket fitment
Battery boxbus bar and doorfuse fitment
Fog lamp harness rework
Telematics controlbox unit fitment, GPS antenna wire routing and
telematics harness preparation
Rear view mirror cable connection
13. Emergency doormicro switch fitment and connection
Amplifier fitment
Door switch fitment
Centre TV fitment
Rear view camera and monitor fitment
Box type speakers
Final Assembly:
WC- 15, 16 and 17
Hand brake plate fitment
Curtain holder fitment
Rear glass curtain rail
ECB tray fitment
VIN plate fitment
Saloon mirror
Driver seat belt fitment
All LED board fitments
First aid kit fitment
Fire extinguishers fitment
Microphone fitment
Rear gangway seat fitment
A/C duct pad fitment
Handle for 2nd and 3rd seat
Sun visor fitment
Middle and front camera fitment
Rear 5 seats fitment
14. Paint shop:
WC 18 and 19:
The following is the process used here:
Solvent wipe: Dupont 3608S
Sanding with P180/220
Solvent wipe: Dupont 3608S
Masking and cleaning
Putty 779R application, 1-3% with 762R hardener
Drying 20-30 minutes
Sanding with P80/180/320 on putty area
Cleaning with 3920S
Application of two coats with flash of 8-10 minutes P7 primer. Mix ratio
is 3:1:3.5. Total primer film thickness 40-60 microns
Flash off 15-20 minutes
Apply one dry coat, Imron 9100 topcoatmix 5:1:15%:5%. Film thickness
is 15 to 20 microns
Flash off 5 minutes
Apply one medium wet coat, Imron 9100 topcoatmix 5:1:15%:5%. Film
thickness is 30 to 40 microns
Air dry for 8 hours or bake at 60 degrees for 30 minutes
15. Finishing line:
WC-20:
Hooter fitment
Flap doorlock and cover finisher
Mud flap rubber fitment
Front bumper reflector
Number plate fitment
Hatrack guard rail
Rear dickey handle
Tail lamps fitment
Spare wheel mounting
Electrical inspection
Driver doorbottle holder
Wheelalignment:
Wheel alignment is a process that is done for each bus or individual chassis
after the vehicle has been completed in the finishing line. It ensures that certain
parameters for the wheels of the vehicle remain within the specified range for
optimal performance of the bus.
Wheel alignment is done to protect tires and suspension components from
wearing out unevenly or prematurely. In addition it also helps improving the
efficiency of the bus during operation.
In addition to fuel efficiency, braking distance and ride quality are also affected
by wheel alignment.
16. GreenOK:
In this part of the plant an inspection takes place where the bus is taken under
observation for errors that could be made while assembling the bus. If any part
of the bus is below the set standard, it is replaced or fixed. This is an essential
procedureundertaken to provide excellent quality of products to the customers.
ShowerTesting:
In this part of the plant the buses are tested if they are leakage proof. Liquids are
sprayed at the buses and if there is a leakage it is sent back to the line to get it
fixed.
Storage Unit:
There are areas that have been suitably designed to store the parts used in the
assembly of the Volvo buses. A primary storage unit is installed in the between
the finishing line and the chassis assembly.
The 5S methodology:
5S is the name of a workplace organisation method that uses a list of five
Japanese words: Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu and Shitsuke. The list describes
how to organise a workplace for efficiency and effectiveness by identifying and
storing the items used, maintaining the area and items and sustaining the new
order. The decision making process usually comes from a dialogue about
standardisation, which builds understanding among employees on how they
should do the work. This methodology was used throughout the assembly plant.
17. Bus working tutorial:
I undertook a short term tutorial coursein the working of buses. I was taught
about electronic architecture in buses.
Electronic architecture:
EECU- Engine Electronic Controlunit
TECU- Transmission Electronic Control unit
EBS- Electronic brake system
IECU- Instrument Electronic Control unit
VECU- Vehicle Electronic Control unit
ECS- Electronic controlled suspension
LCM- Light control module
RECU- Retarder Electronic Control unit
BBM- Body builder module
GECU- Gear Electronic Control unit
Transfer Links:
J1989- Fastline and controllink
J1708- Slow link, information link and diagnostic link
Learning:
There were many areas where I was exposed to new technology and machines
that were used at the plant. I used theoretical knowledge in a very practical
form. Also a lot of new concepts were learnt such as 5S methodology and The
Kaizen methodology. Getting first-hand knowledge and experience in the
industry gave me immense exposure to the professional workings of a company.
18. Conclusion:
If a customer chooses a Volvo, then they’ve got themselves a secure deal. Not
just becausethe bus itself meets high standards concerning quality and
availability, but because the customer also gains access to a comprehensive
network of service workshops, an efficient system for parts supply, round-the
clock assistance, financing, driver training and much more. Volvo Buses offers
not just vehicles but also a range of facilities within servicing and financing that
allow the customer to tailor a transport solution that is perfectly suited to their
operation. The aim is to give the customer higher vehicle uptime, putting the
customer in full controlof their total costs and generate greater security in their
operation. The range of services offered may vary between different markets.