This document discusses how the Internet of Things can be used to create smart cities. It outlines different IoT architectures including sensing, access, middleware and application layers. It also discusses using a web service approach with REST and CoAP protocols. The document describes using IoT in areas like structural health, waste management, air quality monitoring and traffic congestion monitoring. It then details an experimental study collecting environmental data and monitoring public street lighting using sensors and forming a 6LoWPAN network.

1. INTERNET OF THINGS
FOR SMART CITIES
by:
T.V.S Raghu Ram
13121A04F2
Department of ECE

2. It is about...
Introduction
Different architectures
Web Service Approach
Wireless Connectivity
WSN requirements
An experimental Study

3. Internet of things
& its need
•The transformation of Paradigm
•Extending network to “Things"
•Making network more Pervasive
•Application limited only by
imagination

4. Smart city Concept
•Efficient and effortless administration
•Quality of service
•Quality of living
•Communication infrastructure

5. Areas of exploiting IoT
▸Structural Health
▸Waste Management
▸Air quality
▸Noise Monitoring
▸Traffic Congestion
▸City Energy consumption
▸Smart lighting

6. “
Architecture
Sensing layer
Access layer
Middleware layer
Application layer
Architectural reference Model ITU proposed architecture

7. Web Service Approach
▸Representational State Transfer
`

8. Protocol stack

9. Use of XML
Parsing of
messages
Need for EXI
Types of EXI
processors
Schema less
encoding
Schema
informed
encoding
Data formats

10. Application and Transport layers
▸Problem with HTTP
▸Need for CoAP

11. Network layer
▸Present addressing scheme
▸IPV6 addressing scheme

12. o Frequency bands and worldwide
regulations
o Communication Protocols
o Network Range
o Network Topology
o Standards and interoperability

13. Frequency bands and
worldwide regulations
▸Can’t be limited to single
frequency
▸Common frequency
2.4 GHz

14. Communication Protocols
Link
• Convert bits to radio
signals
Network
• Routes the data
Transport
• Arranges the sessions
Application
• End user controllability

15. Network range & Topology

16. Standards & interoperability

17. Device framework
•Backend servers
•Gateways
•IoT peripheral Nodes

18. An
Experimental
Study

19. “
▸Collecting environmental data
▸Monitoring Public street lighting
Places where IoT
is incorporated

20. Smart Environment
&Street lighting system
▸Geographical localization
▸Sensors used-Photometer sensors
▸Form 6LoWPAN multihop cloud
▸IPV6 routing protocol provided
▸WSN gateway

21. A glance at temperature and humidity data
Data collected from Temperature
and Humidity sensors

22. “
Data collected from Photometer &
quality check sensor

23. Conclusion
Target of different companies
 Aims at shaping a better future

25. References:
• A paper on IoT for smart cites IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL, VOL. 1,
NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2014
•White paper by TEXAS Instruments on wireless connectivity
•IoT a literature review Journal of Computer and Communications, 2015, 3,
164-173