The document provides information on several international agencies and trade treaties, including their histories and main functions. It discusses the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the World Trade Organization (WTO), the European Union (EU), Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA), the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), Mercosur, and the Andean Community. The document outlines the founding dates and member countries of each organization, as well as their goals of promoting free trade,

1. Welcome to Our Presentation
Presented by
Vertex of Tract
Topics: International Agencies & Treaties

2. History:
 GATT(1948)
 Uruguay Round (1986–1994)
 15th April, 1994- Marrakesh
Agreement by 124 Nations
 WTO(1995)
World Trade Organization
Geneva, Switzerland
Functions:
 Implement Rules & Provision
 Administer & implementing
multilateral trade agreement
 Assist International Org.(IMF,
IBRD etc.)
 Ensure Optimum use of world
resources.

3. History:
 1st (1951) Treaty of Paris
 1958 Treaty of Rome, EEC/EC
 Belgium, France, Germany, Italy,
Luxembourg, and the
Netherlands
 1992 Treaty of Maastricht 1993
 28 Countries
Functions:
 To be more economical than political
Cooperation among its nations.
 To establish European citizenship. This
means protection of fundamental
human rights and freedoms.
 To ensure freedom, security and justice.
 To promote economic and social
progress.
 To assert Europe's role in the world.

4. History:
 31st January 1989 by
Bob Hawke, PM
Australia
1993 1st
Meeting
21 Pacific Rime
member
Functions:
 Facilitating regional integration
 Improving logistics and transposes
 Encouraging the development of clean technologies
and greener growth
 Nurturing the competitiveness of SME.

5. Functions:
 Free access to commodities among
nations
 Create opportunities for
industrialization, diversification and
high skilled employment in Africa
 Provide African leaders with a
greater negotiating power to
eliminate barriers to exporting.
History:
 44 members of its 55 member’s
states in Kigali, Rwanda
 beginning 2013
 negotiation held in 2015
 21st March 2018

6. History:
 8 August 1967
 Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines,
Singapore Thailand, Brunei
Darussalam, Cambodia, Laos,
Myanmar, and Vietnam. Papua
New Guinea is observer.
Functions
 Accelerate economic growth
 Promote regional peace & stability
 Good governance & Cooperation
 Promote southeast Asian Studies

7. Functions:
 Eliminate trade barriers
 Reduce high Mexican tariffs and help
to promote agricultural exports
 Assure fair market value to investors by
reducing risk and offering the same
legal rights
History:
1980, President Ronald Reagan
proposed
In 1992
President George H.W.
Bush,
Mexican President
Salinas and
Canadian Prime Minister
Brian Mulroney
then led to NAFTA in 1993.

8. History:
 11th April 1993 (SAPTA) force 7th
December, 1995
 1st January 2004 signed
Force 6th July, 2006(SAFTA)
Afghanistan joined 2011
Functions:
 Free trade area in South
 Elimination of tariffs.
 Form and implement the rules &
compensation scheme for the losses
of revenue
 Provide technical support to the
least developed member countries

9. Functions:
 Establishing a free trade area similar to NAFTA.
 Reducing and eliminating tariffs and other measures
 Supporting democracy, economic reform, and
regional integration.
 Perform, switching, signaling, processing, and
conversion functions.
 Protection of international property rights.
History:
 Late 1990’s
 Started in 2003
 2005 CATA-DR, Joining Domini9can
Republic
Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras,
and Nicaragua. Dominican Republic

10. Functions:
 promote free trade and the fluid movement of goods,
people and currency
 Common external tariff for non- member countries.
 Co- ordination of their macroeconomic policies in
harmony with the process of trade liberalization.
 Avoiding any agreement or indulging in any activity
which may harm the interests of the other members.
History:
 Established the treaty of Asuncion in 26th March,
1991
 Protocol in 16th December, 1994
 Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.
 Associate countries are Bolivia, Chile, Colombia,
Ecuador, Guyana, Peru and Suriname.
 Observer countries are New Zealand and Mexico

11. History:
 26th May, 1969
 Andean Pact until 1996
 In 1993, the Free Trade Zone entered into full
operation for Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.
Functions:
 Promote the balance and harmonious development of
the member countries
 Accelerate the growth
 Creation of jobs
 Facilitate participation in the regional integration
 Reduce differences

12. Thank You