Interests vs Values - The EU's policy towards Central Asia
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The document discusses the European Union's dilemma in balancing its interests and values when dealing with Turkmenistan. [1] Turkmenistan is one of the most gas-rich and authoritarian nations in the world. [2] While the EU needs Turkmen gas to diversify its energy sources away from Russia, Turkmenistan violates basic EU values like human rights and democracy. [3] The document analyzes different approaches the EU could take, such as engagement, human rights conditionality, or combining interests and values through minimum requirements, capacity building, and environmental protection provisions.
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hotspots
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� Scotland (UK)
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� Guam (U.S.)
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The group presentation prepared for politics courses. The main goal of current ppt is to prove that we understood the given material, articles, books and official sites of EU commission.
The main focus on the decision -making models and competencies. In addition, the crisisification of the policy-making
12 02-2022 (DAILY NEWS ANALYSIS)
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interrelations across the globe” (p. 62).
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� Principle of state sovereignty
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3. Global Governance
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state system
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US president Woodrow Wilson gave a speech
to Congress articulating the principle of
national self-determination, called his
‘Fourteen Points’ speech:
� “All forms of national identity should be
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1. 17 October Catalan separatist leaders were
jailed during sedition investigation
2. 18 October Theresa May told Spain that UK
will not recognize Catalonian independence
3. 1 March 2018 Carles Puigdemont withdrew as
president, remains in exile in Belgium
Other national self-determination
hotspots
� Basque Country (Spain)
� Scotland (UK)
� Hong Kong (China)
� Taiwan (China)
� Puerto Rico (U.S.)
� Guam (U.S.)
National sovereignty & self-
determination
Basic principles of nation-state system
� Sometimes pose a threat to nation-states
Global governance
Supra-state institutions and associat.
Decision-making models and competences of the EU
The group presentation prepared for politics courses. The main goal of current ppt is to prove that we understood the given material, articles, books and official sites of EU commission.
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- 1. Interests vs Values The EU’s policy towards Central Asia Vanessa Boas 26/03/2012 IAI, Rome.
- 2. Introduction “In its relations with the wider world, the Union shall uphold and promote its values and interests” Article 3.5 Lisbon Treaty How to balance interests and values in energy- rich dictatorships?
- 3. Why Turkmenistan? 1. Ranked among the world’s most authoritarian regimes on earth 2. Potentially one of the world’s most gas rich nations on earth 3. Its current relevance in light of the Trans- Caspian pipeline.
- 4. Authoritarianism • Basic freedoms denied • Personality cult • Power through fear
- 5. Gas wealth • 71.21 billion tons of natural gas, 4th largest in the world (Gaffney, Cline and Associates) • EU- Turkmen political relations are underdeveloped. • Both the EU and Turkmenistan want to diversify away from Russia.
- 6. The Trans- Caspian pipeline
- 7. The EU’s dilemma How can the EU work with Turkmenistan which violates all basic EU values but has the gas Brussels needs in order to diversify away from Russia?
- 8. How should the EU deal with Turkmenistan? Engagement
- 10. How should the EU deal with Turkmenistan? Human rights based conditionality
- 11. Why conditionality will not work 1. Lack of leverage/ incentives 2. EU credibility 3. Situation on the ground
- 12. Lack of Leverage • Neither Russia nor China impose any normative conditions on their commercial deals.
- 13. Lack of credibility “Instead of leading to a visible improvement in the field of human rights in Uzbekistan, the sanctions have become a demonstration of the ineffectiveness of EU human rights conditionality.”
- 14. Situation on the ground • Patrimonial-authoritarian clan structures • Basic welfare guaranteed in return for political loyalty.
- 15. Combining interests + values • Including minimum requirements in its energy deal. • Companies must be allowed to meet their international obligations. • Normative provisions in sectoral policies.
- 16. Combining interests + values • Invest in local education and infrastructure. • Capacity building
- 17. Combining interests + values • Environmental Protection (equipment, awareness, training, monitoring, clean up)
- 18. Conclusion • Engagement + minimum conditions+ normative provisions. • Increase interdependence -> increased leverage • Focus on a bottom- up approach which is less threatening than conditionality.
- 19. Thank You!