PowerPoint Presentation regarding Integrated Circuit as intellectual property

1. Integrated Circuit

2.  An integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of
electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material,
normally silicon.
 This can be made much smaller than a discrete circuit made from independent
electronic components - a modern chip may have several billion transistors in an
area the size of a human fingernail.
 Over the past half century, the size, speed, and capacity of chips has increased
enormously, driven by technical advances that allow more and more transistors on
chips of the same size.
 These advances, collectively known as Moore's law, allow a computer chip of 2016
to have a million times the capacity and a thousand times the speed of the initial
computer chips of the early 1970s.
 Integrated circuits are used in virtually all electronic equipment today and have
revolutionized the world of electronics.
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

8. Integrated circuit layout design protection
Layout designs (topographies) of integrated circuits are a field in the protection of
intellectual property.
A diplomatic conference was held at Washington, D.C., in 1989, which adopted a Treaty
on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits, also called the Washington
Treaty or IPIC Treaty
National laws
USA: Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984: Protection for 10 years
The United States Code (USC) defines a mask work as "a series of related images,
however fixed or encoded, having or representing the predetermined, three-
dimensional pattern of metallic, insulating, or semiconductor material present or
removed from the layers of a semiconductor chip product, and in which the relation of
the images to one another is such that each image has the pattern of the surface of one
form of the semiconductor chip product”