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Integrales impropias

  • 1.
    7(0$ ,QWHJUDOHVLPSURSLDV RQWHQLGRV ,QWURGXFFLyQ ,QWHJUDOGHXQDIXQFLyQDFRWDGDHQXQLQWHUYDORQRDFRWDGR ,QWHJUDOGHXQDIXQFLyQQRDFRWDGDHQXQLQWHUYDORDFRWDGR ,QWHJUDOHV(XOHULDQDV (MHUFLFLRVUHVXHOWRV (MHUFLFLRVSURSXHVWRV
  • 2.
    ,QWURGXFFLyQ 'P ECRÈVWNQUCPVGTKQTGU UG JC GUVWFKCFQ NC KPVGITCN FG 4KGOOCP FG WPC HWPEKÎP H CEQVCFC[FGHKPKFCGPWPKPVGTXCNQEGTTCFQ[CEQVCFQ C D EQP C [ D PÕOGTQUTGCNGU'P GUVCUGEEKÎPKPVGPVCTGOQUIGPGTCNKCTGUVGEQPEGRVQFGKPVGITCNRCTCHWPEKQPGUSWGPQXGTKHKECP CNIWPCFGNCUJKRÎVGUKUCPVGTKQTOGPVGEKVCFCUGUVQGU .CKPVGITCNFGWPCHWPEKÎPPQCEQVCFCFGHKPKFCGPWPKPVGTXCNQCEQVCFQEQOQRQT GLGORNQ H Z Z 0 5 0 GP .CKPVGITCNFGWPCHWPEKÎPCEQVCFCFGHKPKFCGPWPKPVGTXCNQPQCEQVCFQEQOQRQT GLGORNQ H Z Z 0 5 5f GP .CKPVGITCNFGWPCHWPEKÎPCEQVCFCFGHKPKFCGPWPKPVGTXCNQPQCEQVCFQEQOQRQT GLGORNQ H Z Z 0 5 0 5f GP 'UVGECUQUGRWGFGCPCNKCTCRCTVKTFGNQUFQUCPVGTKQTGU Z Z Z Z Z ZF F F f f I I I
  • 3.
    ,QWHJUDO GH XQDIXQFLyQ DFRWDGD HQ XQ LQWHUYDOR QR DFRWDGR 5WRQPICOQU SWG PQU KPVGTGUC EQPQEGT UK H Z Z0 5 GU KPVGITCDNG GP GN KPVGTXCNQ f5 GUFGEKTUKGUHKPKVCGN¶TGCFGNEQPLWPVQ # G
  • 4.
    Y Y C # 5GCD WP PÕOGTQ TGCNOC[QTSWG GPVQPEGU EQOQ ( Z Z0 5 GU WPC RTKOKVKXCFG H UGXGTKHKEC Z Z Z D D D I F 2WGUVQSWG f5RWGFGGPVGPFGTUGEQOQWPEQPLWPVQSWGGUGNNÈOKVGFGEQPLWPVQU FGNCHQTOC D5EWCPFQ D VKGPFGCKPHKPKVQRCTGEGNÎIKEQFGHKPKTNCKPVGITCNFG H Z Z0 5 GP f5EQOQGNNÈOKVG NKO NKO D D DZ Z D # of ofI F ¶TGC0 5 [CSWGRQFGOQUEQPQEGTNCKPVGITCNFG H Z0 5GP D5CNUGTWPCKPVGITCNFG4KGOOCP#UÈ RWGUNCKPVGITCNFGNCHWPEKÎPCEQVCFC H Z Z0 5 GPGNKPVGTXCNQPQCEQVCFQ f5XCNG 'PIGPGTCNUGFGHKPGNCKPVGITCNFGWPCHWPEKÎPCEQVCFCGPWPKPVGTXCNQPQCEQVCFQFG NCUKIWKGPVGHQTOC GHKPKEKÎP 5GC H WPC HWPEKÎP CEQVCFC FGHKPKFC GP GN KPVGTXCNQ C C f 5 5K RCTC VQFQ D NCHWPEKÎPGUKPVGITCDNGGP C D [GUHKPKVQGNNÈOKVG
  • 5.
    NKO F D CD H ZZ of f³ UGFKEGSWGGZKUVGNCKPVGITCNKORTQRKCFG H GP Cf5[GUEQPXGTIGPVG 'NXCNQTFGNNÈOKVGUGFGPQVCRQT
  • 6.
    F C H Z Z f ³ 'NUKIPKHKECFQIGQOÃVTKEQFGNCKPVGITCNKORTQRKCGUGNFGN¶TGCFGNEQPLWPVQQTFGPCFQ FG H EWCPFQGUVGEQPLWPVQPQGUV¶CEQVCFQEQOQUGKPFKECGPNCHKIWTCCPVGTKQT #P¶NQICOGPVGUGFGHKPGNCKPVGITCNFGWPCHWPEKÎP H CEQVCFCGPGNKPVGTXCNQ fD0 EQOQGNNÈOKVGUKGZKUVG[GUHKPKVQFG
  • 7.
    NKO F D CC H ZZ of ³ SWGUGFGPQVCT¶RQT
  • 8.
  • 9.
    GNOKUOQOQFQNCKPVGITCNFGWPCHWPEKÎP H CEQVCFCGPGNKPVGTXCNQf f0 5SWG UGFGPQVCT¶RQT H Z Z0 5f f I F UGFGHKPGEQOQNCUWOC
  • 12.
    F F F E E HZ Z H Z Z H Z Z f f f f ³ ³ ³ UKPSWGKPHNW[CNCGNGEEKÎPFG E 'UVQFGDGGPVGPFGTUGFGNUKIWKGPVGOQFQ5KEQPXGTIGPNCUFQUKPVGITCNGUKORTQRKCU FGNUGIWPFQOKGODTQGPVQPEGUEQPXGTIG GZKUVGNCKPVGITCNKORTQRKCFGNRTKOGTOKGODTQ[ GU KIWCN C NC UWOC FG FKEJCU FQU KPVGITCNGU #JQTC DKGP EWCPFQ WPC FG NCU KPVGITCNGU FGN UGIWPFQOKGODTQPQGZKUVGVCORQEQGZKUVGNCKPVGITCNFG H GP f f0 5 1DUGTXCEKÎP 5KGZKUVG H Z Z0 5f f I F GPVQPEGUUWXCNQTEQKPEKFGEQP NKO D D D H Z Z of I 0 5F RGTQNCKORNKECEKÎPTGEÈRTQECPQGUEKGTVC (MHPSOR 6HD I [ [1 6 HQ f f1 63DUDFXDOTXLHUE [ [ [ E E E E E E I G SRUORTXH OLP OLP E E E E [ [ of ofI G G
  • 13.
    Y Y (ODUHDGHHVWH FRQMXQWRQRDFRWDGR HVLQILQLWR 6LQ HPEDUJR [[ f f I G QR HV FRQYHUJHQWH GH YpDVHODILJXUD
  • 14.
    FRQVLGHUDQGRSRUHMHPSOR F DTXH [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ D D E E f of f of I I I I f f G G G G OLP OLP 2TQRQUKEKÎP %QPFKEKQPGURCTCNCGZKUVGPEKCFGNCKPVGITCNFGWPCHWPEKÎPCEQVCFCUQDTGWP KPVGTXCNQPQCEQVCFQ C %QPFKEKÎPPGEGUCTKC5KGZKUVG EQPXGTIG
  • 15.
    F C H Z Z f ³GPVQPEGU NKO Z H Z of 0 5 D %QPFKEKÎP PGEGUCTKC [ UWHKEKGPVG 5K H GU WPC HWPEKÎP CEQVCFC FGHKPKFC GP Cf5 G KPVGITCDNG GP C D RCTC VQFQ D Ct EQP HWPEKÎP RTKOKVKXC ( VCN SWG NKO D ( D M M of 0 5 GPVQPEGU
  • 16.
    F C H Z Z f ³GUEQPXGTIGPVG[
  • 18.
    F C H Z ZM ( C f ³
  • 19.
    #UÈRWGUNCGZKUVGPEKCFGWPPÕOGTQTGCN M VCNSWGM ( D Dof NKO 0 5GUWPCEQPFKEKÎP PGEGUCTKC [ UWHKEKGPVG RCTC NC EQPXGTIGPEKC FG NC KPVGITCN KORTQRKC FG WPC HWPEKÎP H SWG CFOKVGRTKOKVKXC ( 'PGHGEVQRQTGNUGIWPFQVGQTGOCHWPFCOGPVCNFGNE¶NEWNQKPVGITCNUGXGTKHKECSWG RCTCVQFQ D Ct
  • 22.
    F D C H Z Z( D ( C³ %QOQRQTFGHKPKEKÎP
  • 26.
    F NKO FNKO D C CD D H Z Z H Z Z ( D ( C f of of ª º¬ ¼³ ³ UGT¶ UWHKEKGPVG GPVQPEGU SWG NKO D ( D M of 0 5 RCTC SWG NC KPVGITCN FG H GP Cf UGC EQPXGTIGPVG[