This document discusses three instructional design models: Instructional Design, Backward Design, and Dick & Carey. Backward Design was invented in 1998 by Grant Wiggins and Jay McTighe as a way to design lessons with the desired end result or student learning in mind. Dick & Carey, created in 1978 by Walter Dick and Lou Carey, breaks instruction down into specific skills and knowledge sections under certain conditions. Both Backward Design and Dick & Carey emphasize planning and evaluation, but use different processes and techniques.

1. Instructional Design:
IS A TEACHING SYSTEM THAT
USES DIFFERENT METHODS TO
RETAIN INFORMATION MORE
EFFICIENTLY

2. Backward Design:
A THOUGHT PROCESS THAT
MAKES YOU THINK WITH THE
END IN MIND. IT TEACHES
WHAT YOU WANT STUDENTS TO
DEVELOP BY DESIGNING YOUR
PLAN BACKWARDS.

3. Backwards Design
HISTORY:
IT WAS INVENTED BY GRANT WIGGINS
AND JAY MC TIGHE IN 1998, IT IS A
SUB PART OF A BIGGER DESIGN
U N D E R S T A ND I N G B Y D E S I G N .

4. Backwards Design
 Strengths  Weaknesses
 Helped over 80% of  Can be confusing, when
educators who have used you start out developing
the model your plan
 Identifies weak areas in  It is time consuming to
your teaching plan develop
 Gives direction to your
lesson plan
 Helps maps out your
lesson plan

5. Dick & Carey:
BREAKS DOWN INSTRUCTION
INTO SMALL SECTIONS KEYING
ON SPECIFIC SKILLS AND
KNOWLEDGE UNDER THE
RIGHT CONDITIONS.

6. Dick & Carey
History:
CREATED BY WALTER DICK
AND LOU CAREY IN 1978 AND
CAN BE MODIFIED TO SUITE
VARIOUS NEEDS AND HAS 10
STAGES TO ITS MODEL.

7. Dick & Carey
 Strengths  Weaknesses
 Has a structured  Intricate model to
guidance for planning implement
 Good for implementation  Time consuming to plan
and evaluation

8. Backward Design & Dick & Carey
 Similarities  Differences
 Takes planning and  Have different thought
evaluation processes in creating
 Have good planning your plan
structure  The behavior of methods
 Designed to get are different in the out
maximum results come
 Have good timelines and  Different techniques in
evaluation sections to teaching styles
help for replanning at a
later date