This document discusses innovation and innovative connections. It provides an overview of innovation, what innovation is and is not, and how inventions become innovations through networks and connections between individuals, firms, and organizations. Examples are given of innovative individuals and companies throughout history that achieved success through these connections, as well as the importance of both past and present knowledge in innovation. The implications of radical innovations that have shifted economic systems are also discussed, along with the challenges of global warming and the need for a new style of capitalism focused on sustainability.

1. Innovative Connections Mike Parsons and Mary Rose October 2010 1

3. Invisible on Everest : Innovation and the Gear Makers (2003)

4. We represent a ‘new combination’

5. Mike Parsons –businessman, Karrimor, OMM Ltd, Innovator in Residence, IEED

6. Mary Rose, academic, business historian

7. Innovation a result not an objective 2

9. Innovation Courses

10. Innovation for Extremes

11. www.innovation-for-extremes.net

12. A OMM Ltd a business start-up 2005

13. IEED3

14. Overview What is innovation and why does it matter? Innovation 2010 Buzz Word Innovation is not new Innovation as a ‘Dance of Two Questions Innovation as new combinations Innovation and Survival Innovation and Global warming 4

16. Key to productivity growth and economic prosperity

17. International Competitive Advantage of nations, regions and firms

18. Competitive pressures and innovation5

20. What Innovation is not It is not just new technology 7

25. 1-3% were successful

26. These we call innovations because they succeeded and were commercialised10

28. Imagination to see new connections

29. People the heart of innovation

30. Networks of skill and knowledge from outside firm

31. Customers11

33. Knowledge and resource sharing 12

34. Innovation inside and outside companies Not just in R&D Departments of large companies 13

36. Lead users

37. Collaboration with other companies

38. Collaboration with universities

39. Employees14

41. Between individuals

42. Between firms

43. Between organisations15

45. ‘ If I have seen further than other men, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants16

46. Innovative Connections Thomas Edison, Menlo Park, USA creator of lighting system not the lightbulb Great networker; with investors, scientists, politicians technicians, manufacturers 17

49. Combinations of old and new knowledge contribute to innovation19

50. Influence of past Innovative designs shaped by past knowledge and skills Remington's First Typewriter 20

51. Influence of past New combinations of old and new can be radical Weaving Light 21

53. High costs

54. Not user friendly

55. No market or user group

56. Ahead of international standards, eg. Fax Machine, 190722

58. Business models

59. Systems

60. Services23

62. Did invent a system of standardised delivery

63. A process innovation24

65. New approach to search engine funded by advertising revenue

66. Business model25

68. even at the level of the individual company

69. Innovation is NOT just 'new to the world' but may be within -sectors -individual firmsOften new combinations26

71. process,

72. paradigm (shift from what's known understood and trusted)

73. positioning (brand) they may be interrelated degree = ranges between incremental and radical 27

74. Innovation Space ( BUSINESS MODEL) ‘PARADIGM’ (Incremental… radical) PRODUCT PROCESS INNOVATION (SERVICE) (Incremental… radical) (Incremental… radical) (Incremental… radical) POSITION(brand) Source: Tidd.J, Bessant. J, Pavitt. K: Managing Innovation, 3rd ed, Wiley 28

76. Protection from animals

77. cooking,

78. light,

79. warmth

80. war and destruction.29

82. 30,000 yrs ago; central heated caves in the Pyrenees

83. 20,000 yrs ago; end of last great ice age (clothing)

84. 10,000 yrs ago beginning of farming to support cities and so grew great civilisations............

85. Where? the great river valleys of the Indus, Nile, Euphrates & Tigris, Yangtze, Danube

86. their civilisations came ..............and went

87. why?

88. * 'man' meaning 'anatomically modern humans'; 30

90. rulers

91. type of society

92. discontinuity - often of thousand of years

93. progress is neither certain

94. nor a straight line31

95. Creativity and Science natural phenomena and their associated technologies long used for controlling and stabilising society stars for forecasting the seasons, flooding geometry for building and measuring land The Greek civilisation was the first where used for changing but was lost for a thousand years re-emerging - 16th Century renaissance 32

97. Replacement of the scratch plough with iron plough

98. Seed drills, weeding rake and deep tooth harrow33

100. Textiles – while spinning wheel appeared in China and West at same time (13th century) –it advanced at a faster rate in China and applied power to yarn production multiple spinning frame

101. Water power –again paralleled Europe but 8th century AD Chinese were using hydraulic trip hammers, 1280 vertical water wheel34

103. 960 AD the compass

104. Ocean going junks

105. Chinese invented paper – 1000 years before it reached the West

106. Porcelain

107. Gunpowder 10th century AD 35

109. Movable type printing press of much less significance with Chinese characters

110. Increasing isolation 36

112. Innovation may be evolutionary but there are discontinuities.

113. Established innovative nations and companies can lose momentum

114. Innovations can be still-born

115. Isolation can eradicate innovation

116. Innovation needs an open minded and tolerant society. 37

119. Wheel ruts and broken axles

120. Mineral extraction

121. First Railways39

122. Deepening wheel ruts and the width of a horse 40

123. Railways in Europe, United States and much of Asia 41

124. 21st century 42

125. Past, future radical change and economic crisis 43

127. Basic tools 1.5 m years ago

128. The Wheel 5000 years ago

130. dramatic acceleration of Innovation from 1800

131. SCIENCE explained natural phenomena

132. wind = wings = flight = energy

133. lightning = electricity

135. Technology harnesses the science behind natural phenomena

136. creates devices which change our world44

138. Internal Combustion Engine

139. New Materials and New Syntheses

140. Communication and Information

141. New business systems and processes

142. United States especially rapid diffusion45

144. Set the world on an energy intensive trajectory

145. Carbon emissions tripled since 195046

146. History is about Continuity and Change:75% of all around us today had its origins between 1866 - 1914 47

147. Radical innovations have shifted economic systems:Energy generation Before 1860 : power from water steam from coal electricity from steam turbines and oil electricity transmission 48

148. Radical innovations have shifted economic systems:Communications 49

149. Radical innovations have shifted economic systems:Materials 50

150. What Implications for 2010? 51

151. The earth at night 2007 52

152. Global Warming 53

153. US Coastal Areas and Global Warming 54

154. 'New Scientist' suggests that to debate the end of civilisation as we know it could be valuable! 55

155. A new style of capitalism? 'A message that businesses may find they are surprised to agree with.' Financial Times Jonathon Porritt grapples with capitalism's reality - a system capable of delivering sustainability and enhancing well being, Adair Turner (Director General of CBI 1995-9) 56

157. 2008 - Mass Disassembly for recycling.

158. Not so much - how could more recycled components be used

159. but how to dis-assemble for recycling?

160. Is the Patagonia 'Sugar and Spice' shoe the process revolution we need? 57

161. Innovating to Survive: End of the 'nice decade' The credit cycle has turned and commodity prices are rising' (Mervyn King, Governor of the Bank of England May 2007) August 2008 The UK is facing its worst economic crisis in 60 years October 09 Recession collides with technical innovation threatening established business models. October 2010 UK expenditure cuts, threat to science research 58

162. Business Model threatened : Newspapers and publishing Wednesday 3 June 2009 The GuardianMagazines and newspapers face 'lethal threat' [from recession and internet] Advertising Circulation 59

164. Entrepreneurship; the recognition and assessment of opportunities and threats

165. More than just a spark of an idea its about 'The Dance of Two Questions'.......... 'what is needed and what is possible?' 60

167. China products labour intensive, but labour costs increasing in China - Food yields improvement slowing - R&D decreased since 1996 - we had surplus food!

168. CARS - Oil to Electricity?Homes/offices - new eco standards

169. IT and carbon footprint 61

171. Personal/people networks are vital in making new connections

172. Innovation is a chaotic process initially

173. Successful innovation needs the chaos to turn to structures, systems and organisation.

174. Innovation is about survival62

176. A combination of memory and imagination CRUCIAL to innovation they combine past and future63

178. If just 10 of you could influence your future boss on how things are done

179. And if all of you could be just a little bit more knowledgeable about innovation and innovative processes ………………

180. Everything would be worthwhile and have made a contribution to understanding the innovation process……………

181. Team working and ability to work collaboratively. 64