Innovation Flow Shankar

… the flow of
Ideas into Innovation

by Shankar
Innovation Workshop
Pune, 20 July 2009

Shankar, 20 July 09 Innovation Flow at ARAI, Pune 1

Hi, I’m Shankar
• Physicist turned Materials
Scientist
• Now Principal Scientist at Dow
R&D, Pune
• Earlier, GE R&D – 8 Yrs,
Materials Innovation
• Patented Inventions, New
Products
• Innovation Facilitator - TRIZ

Innovation Workshop
Morning Noon
• 09.00 Introduction • 14.00 TRIZ
• •
• TRIZ – Principles
• 09.15 Innovation Flow
• TRIZ Engineering parameters
• • TRIZ contradiction statements
• Identifying the Innovation Opportunity – Edison – • Contradiction Matrix
Nine Windows example – 9 windows for UPD • TRIZ Inventive Principles
• Identifying the Root problem - Five Whys • Examples of TRIZ-triggered Ideas
• Vision of the Solution – Ideality - IFR • TRIZ Process Flow
• Out-of-the-box Thinking – Crossing the barriers – 9 •
dots Puzzle • 15.30 TRIZ Ideation
•
•
• TRIZ Contradiction Statement – v3
• Tea • Use of TRIZ Contradiction Matrix
• • Trigger questions based on TRIZ Inventive principles
• 11.15 Problem Analysis •
• • 17.00 Idea Evaluation & Path Forward
• Initial Problem Statement – v0 •
• Method 1 - Ranking of Ideas based on VOC & Boundaries
• Problem analysis – Perceptions
• Method 2 - Evaluation of ideas using six hats method
• Problem statement – v1 • What ‘s Next - Technology Evolution Trends
• Functional Map – Example • TRIZ Evolutionary Potential
• Team creates FM for UPD •
• Technical Problem Statements – v2 • 18.00 Conclusion
• Voice of Customer
•
• 13.00 Lunch

INNOVATION IS

BRINGING AN INSIGHTFUL IDEA

SUCCESSFULLY TO THE MARKET

Innovation Flow at ARAI, Pune 4

Innovation Mantra

Focus Escape Move

Challenging our view of what’s familiar
can stretch our Imagination

Thus, the task is, not so much to see what no one has yet seen;
but to think what nobody has yet thought,
about that which everybody sees.
Erwin Schrodinger

Creativity & Ideas are not enough,

they need to be

structured, defined and directed

to result in Innovation


Seeds of Innovation


Portable Water Filter

http://www.vestergaard-frandsen.com/lifestraw-introduction.htm

Solving an Invisible Problem

Shankar, 20 July 09
Adaptive Eyeware
http://hubpages.com/hub/INNOVATIVE-SPECTACLES

Seeds of Innovation


Edison - Inventor of the Electric Bulb
Innovator of Electric Illumination

Creative
Strong analytical power
Entrepreneurship
The drive to succeed

I find out what the World needs and then
proceed to invent it

1% Inspiration, 99% Perspiration


Inventor, Innovator & Entrepreneur
Discovery - 1802 – Humphrey Davy discovered that an electric current passing
through metal wire could give light.

Formulation of the Problem - 1878 – Edison, “
the electric light idea took possession of me
It was easy to see what the thing needed
It wanted to be subdivided
The light was too bright and too big.
What we wished for was little lights and a distribution of them in people’s houses in
a manner simillar to gas.”.

Patent – 1879 – demonstrated 40 h lifetime
Started Edison Electric Light Company

Key Idea – Only If electricity is distributed similar to gas, could the electric
bulb become economically attractive.

1880 – Edison improved Bulb’s life to 300h, developed a dynamo to generate
electricity at 110V, small distribution net, Demo with 425 lamps at Menlo Park.


Edison becqme an entrepreneur & started three new companies to manufacture
the equipment.

1892 - Edison Electric Illuminating Company
Lighted up Wall Street in New York.


Edison brought a significant invention, based on breakthrough technology and
requiring a new infrastructure, successfully to Market.

Key Idea – Divide a big problem into a series of small ones and solve them
while keeping whole value chain in mind.

Innovation is the specific instrument of
entrepreneurship.
It is the act that endows resources with a new
capacity to create wealth
Drucker

Bridge the Idea-Innovation Gap
Innovative product
that wows the User

Strategic IP
Portfolio
Scale-up
Prototype Alignment
Manufacturing with
Innovation
Opportunity

Shankar, 20 July 09 Innovation Flow at ARAI, Pune
Idea 17

o n
ati
c Ide
ati
s tem
Sy

as
x ide
o
the-b
t -of-
u
t eo
c rea
Shankar, 20 July 09
to

Structured Process to grow
the Innovative Potential of Ideas


The Cycle of Innovation



Imagination is more important than Knowledge


Balancing Imagination & Knowledge

World’s Best
World’s Best
Generic
Generic TRIZ Ideas
Ideas
Problems
Problems solving similar
solving similar
similar to mine
similar to mine
Imagination Play

problems
problems

Problem Solve by
Analysis Analogy

My Specific
My Specific My Specific
My Specific

Problem
Problem Solution
Solution

Knowledge Play

Idea in brief

Innovative Problem Solving


Ideally,
Number of possible solutions
capable of delivering the desired outcome

Ideality = Benefits / (Costs + Harm)

IFR
Ideal
solution

Today Time
IFR - Implementation-free description of the situation
after the problem has been solved.

Begin with the end in Mind
Start
here

IFR
Ideal
solution

Today Time
Achieve the Function with Pune cost or harm
Shankar, 20 July 09 Innovation Flow at ARAI,
zero 26

Mr. Problem

lives here :


5

Doors


Broader Problem

Why do I want to
solve this problem ?
Original Problem (Start here)

What’s stopping me
from solving this
Problem ?
Narrower Problem

Ref - Shankar, 20 JulySystematic Innovation – Darrell Mann Pune
Hands on 09 Innovation Flow at ARAI, 29

# 1. Why was the Kingdom lost?
The Kingdom was
because the battle was lost.
lost because
a nail was missing # 2. Why was the battle lost ?

because the soldier could not fight well

# 3. Why could not the soldier fight well ?

because he lost his horse.

# 4. Why was the Horse lost ?

because it lost its shoe.

# 5, Why did the horse lose its shoe ?

- Picasso because a nail was missing.

Why because.. Idea Trigger


9

Windows


9 Windows of Opportunity

Super-
System

System

Sub-
System

Shankar, 20 July 09 Past Present
Innovation Flow at ARAI, Pune Future 33

9 Windows of Opportunity

Super-
System

System

Sub-
System

Shankar, 20 July 09 Past Present
Innovation Flow at ARAI, Pune Future 34

Innovation Opportunity - 9 Windows Analysis
Draw

Super
System

System

Sub
System

Past Present Future
Shankar, July 2009Shankar, 20
Innovation Flow - Tools & TemplateInnovation Flow 35
July 09

Innovation Opportunity - 9 Windows Analysis
Write

Super
System

System

Sub
System

Past Present Future
July 09

TRIZ Function Map

Effective Insufficient Harmful
Excessive Missing

July 09

TRIZ Functional Interaction Matrix
Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Element 4 Element 5

Element 1

Element 2

Element 3

Element 4

Element 5

July 09

5 Whys Root-cause Analysis

because Idea Trigger

Why

Why

Why

Why

Why

July 09

Begin with the end in Mind
What do we want?

TRIZ Ideal Final Result (IFR)

Ideality = Benefits / (Harm + Cost)

Benefits =

Harm =

Cost =

What does improving B mean?

What does minimizing H mean?

What does minimizing C mean?

What prevents me ?

I want to but what is preventing me is

TRIZ Contradiction Matrix

Improving Worsening TRIZ Inventive Principles
Parameter Parameter

TRIZ Contradiction Matrix

TRIZ Inventive Trigger Question Idea
Principle

Initial Problem Statement (v0)


Solving the Nine Dots Puzzle

Think out-of-the-Box


Systematic Approach to Out-of-the-box Ideas

Ideal Final Result
Evolution Trends
Super-system

System

Sub-system

5 Whys

Past Present Future



Function Map


Interaction Matrix


Problem Analysis - UPD
Who is not What is not
Affected ? the Problem?

Who is What is the
affected? problem?

How is How is it When is When is
Problem
it not? a problem? it a Problem? it not?

Why is it Where is it
a problem? a Problem?
Where is not
Why is it not? a problem?


Problem Statement – v1


Seeds of Innovation


Invention Innovation Commercialization
1968: Spencer Silver 1974: Arthur Fry
Silver developed a high-quality but As the legend goes, Fry was in church
1980: 3M
"low-tack" adhesive, made of tiny, when he came up with the perfect
indestructible acrylic spheres that application. Fry sang in his church choir on Post-it® Notes were
would stick only where they were weekends, and he used slips of paper to introduced nationwide.
tangent to a given surface, rather mark the pages of his hymnal. When the
than flat up against it. book was opened, however, the makeshift
Adhesive's grip was strong enough bookmarks often moved around or fell out
to hold papers together but weak altogether. On a Sunday in 1974, it
enough to allow the papers to be occurred to him that Silver's adhesive
pulled apart again without being could be put to use to create a better
torn. bookmark. If it could be coated on paper,
Adhesive could be used in the same Silver's adhesive would hold a bookmark
way again and again in place without damaging the page on
which it was placed.



Seeds of Innovation


Photos via Daimler


Imaginatively Generalizing the Problem

Generic
Generic
Problems
Problems
similar to mine
similar to mine
Imagination

Problem
Analysis

My Specific
My Specific

Problem
Problem

Knowledge

Idea in brief

To solve an Inventive
Problem,
TRIZ
Inventor needs to find &
Parameters remove Contradictions.

Identify which Parameter is
improving

and which parameter is
worsening as a result?


Technical Contradiction


TRIZ Parameters
1. Weight of moving object 15. Durability of moving object 29. Accuracy of manufacturing
2. Weight of nonmoving object 16. Durability of nonmoving object 30. Harmful factors acting on
object
3. Length of moving object 17. Temperature
31. Harmful side effects
4. Length of nonmoving object 18. Brightness
32. Manufacturability
5. Area of moving object 19. Energy spent by moving object
33. Convenience of use
6. Area of nonmoving object 20. Energy spent by nonmoving
object 34. Repairability
7. Volume of moving object
21. Power 35. Adaptability
8. Volume of nonmoving object
22. Waste of energy 36. Complexity of device
9. Speed
23. Waste of substance 37. Complexity of control
10. Force
24. Loss of information 38. Level of automation
11. Tension, pressure, stress
25. Waste of time 39. Productivity
12. Shape
26. Amount of substance
13. Stability of object
27. Reliability
14. Strength
28. Accuracy of measurement


Distilled Knowledge on Inventive Ideas

World’s Best
World’s Best
Generic
Generic TRIZ Ideas
Ideas
Problems
Problems solving similar
solving similar
similar to mine
similar to mine problems
problems
Imagination

Knowledge

Idea in brief

Contradiction

Matrix


Inventive Principles

1. Segmentation 15. Dynamics 29. Pneumatics and hydraulics
2. Taking out 16. Partial or excessive actions 30. Flexible shells and thin films
3. Local quality 17. Another dimension 31. Porous materials
4. Asymmetry 18. Mechanical vibration 32. Color changes
5. Merging 19. Periodic action 33. Homogeneity .
6. Universality 20. Continuity of useful action 34. Discarding and recovering
7. "Nested doll" 21. Skipping 35. Parameter changes
8. Anti-weight 22. "Turn Lemons into Lemonade" 36. Phase transitions
9. Preliminary anti-action 23. Feedback 37. Thermal expansion
10. Preliminary action 24. 'Intermediary' 38. Strong oxidants
11. Beforehand cushioning 25. Self-service 39. Inert atmosphere
12. Equipotentiality 26. Copying 40. Composite materials
13. 'The other way round' 27. Cheap short-living objects
14. Spheroidality - Curvature 28 Mechanics substitution


Imagination – Solving by Analogy

World’s Best
World’s Best
Ideas
Ideas
solving similar
solvingsimilar
problems
problems
Imagination

Solve by
Analogy

My Specific
My Specific

Solution
Solution

Knowledge

Idea in brief

TRIZ Inventive Principles


Inventive

Principles


o n
ati
c Ide
ati
s tem
Sy

as
xi de
o
he-b
o f-t
o u t-
te
cr ea
Shankar, 20 July 09
to

TRIZ

Technology

Forecasting

Shankar, July 2009 Flow of Ideas into Innovation

Technology
Evolution Trends
Space Segmentation trend :

Geometric Evolution trend :


Cooking Stoves :

Electrical Microwave
Wood fuel Kerosene LPG
heating heating

Time
Transportation :

Electric
Horse Cart Petrol Car CNG ?
/ Hybrid Car

Trend :

Solid Liquid Gas Field Field


Technology
Evolution Trends
Surface Segmentation Trend :

Controllability trend :


Technology Evolution Potential


Questions ?

• Shankar.Venugopal07@gmail.com

Innovation Flow Shankar

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