Here are paraphrases of the passages: 1. In an interview, Jacques Cousteau explained that Antarctica plays a key role in regulating the Earth's climate similar to the sun's role in providing heat. Cold water from Antarctica circulates and mixes with warmer tropical waters, helping to cool surface temperatures and the atmosphere. However, human activities now threaten the fragility of this climate regulating system. 2. Most bicycling fatalities, which number over 1,000 annually, result from head injuries. Young children make up half of bicycle deaths. One study found that wearing a bicycle helmet can decrease the risk of head injury by 85% during an accident by absorbing shock and cushioning the head.

1. Information
Literacy

2. Define information needs; can locate, access,
assess, organize, and communicate information
Demonstrate ethical use of information
Learning Objectives

4. To be updated with the news
For learning/educational purposes
For communication
To acquire knowledge needed for decision-making
Why do you need information?

5. Internet
Television
Library
Radio
Newspaper, etc.
Where do you search for information?

6. Write
Print
Photocopy
Photograph
Download
Record
Memory card
How do you acquire and store
information?

7. It should come from reputable source, such as an
institution and with author.
How will you determine the quality and
accuracy of the information that you
have?

8. Share
Apply
Announce
Post
Archive
Reminder
Clarify confusion
How do you use the information that
you have?

9. Announcement
Text
Post to social media
Face to face session
Note
Chat
Email
Save file
How will you communicate
information?

10. The questions that you have just
answered are the
Stages/Elements
of Information Literacy …

11. Stage/Elements
of Information
Literacy
Identifying/recognizing
information needs
Determining sources of
information
Citing or searching for
information
Analyzing and evaluating the
quality of information
Organizing, storing or
archiving information
Using information in an ethical,
efficient and effective way
Creating and communicating new
knowledge

12. ◦
◦
Do the following:
Listen to NEWS Report (Local and/or National)
Answer the following questions using the matrix below.
Assignment:

13. “KNOWLEDGE IS POWER”

14. “Knowledge is important aspect of human life that
leads to activities that contribute to one gaining
wealth, influence and power”
Knowledge is Power

15. There are times when you need to share
information that you have acquired from various
sources written by different authors.
However, quoting someone else’s words without
giving credit to the author essentially gives and
impression that you are claiming ownership of the
words they have said…
…this is calledPLAGIARISM

16. ◦
Plagiarism
using other people’s words and ideas
without clearly acknowledging the
source of the information
What is plagiarism?

17. ◦
Common Knowledge
Facts that can be found in
numerous places and are
likely to be widely known.
Example: Rodrigo Duterte
was elected President of
t h e R e p u b l i c o f t h e
Philippines in 2016.
This is generally known
information. You do not
need to document this fact
What is common knowledge?

18. ◦
Interpretation
Documents facts that
are not generally known,
or ideas that interpret
facts.
Example: Michael Jordan
i s t h e g r e a t e s t
basketball player ever to
have played the game
This is idea is not a fact
but an opinion or an
interpretation. You need
to cite some source
What is interpretation?

19. ◦
Quotation
Using someone’s words directly.
When you use a direct quote,
place the passage between
quotation marks, and document
the sourc e ac c ord ing to a
standard documenting style.
Example: According to John Smith
in The New York Times, “37% of
all children under the age of 10
live below poverty line”.
You need to cite the source.
What is quotation?

20. ◦
Paraphrase
Using someone’s ideas, but rephrasing
them in your own words.
Although you will use your own words to
paraphrase, you must still acknowledge
and cite the source of the information.
What is paraphrase?

22. it is better than quoting information from an
undistinguished passage.
it helps you control the temptation to quote too
much.
the mental process required for successful
paraphrasing helps you to grasp the full meaning
of the original.
Paraphrasing is a valuable skill
because…

23. 1. Reread the original passage until you understand
its full meaning.
2. Set the original aside, and write your paraphrase
on a note card.
3. Check your version with the original to make sure
that your version accurately expresses all the
essential information in a new form.
4. Use quotation marks to identify any unique term
or phraseology you have borrowed exactly from
the source.
5. Record the source (including the page number)
on your note card so that you can credit it easily if
you decide to incorporate the material into your
paper.
5 Steps to Effective Paraphrasing

24. Some examples to compare
Original Passage
An unacceptable
paraphrase
Students frequently overuse
direct quotation in taking
notes, and as a result they
overuse quotations in the
f in al [ res earc h ] p ap er.
Probably only about 30% of
your f i
nal manuscript should
appear as directly quoted
matter. Therefore, you should
strive to limit the amount of
exact transcribing of source
materials while taking notes.
Lester, James D. Writing
Research Papers. 2nd ed.
(1976): 46-47.
Students often use too
many direct quotations in
taking notes, resulting in
the overuse of quotations
in the f inal paper. Only
approximately 30% of
your final paper should be
d i r e c t q u o t e s .
Consequently, you should
try to limit how many
quotes you write when
taking notes.

25. Some examples to compare
Original Passage A legitimate paraphrase
Students frequently overuse
direct quotation in taking
notes, and as a result they
overuse quotations in the
f in al [ res earc h ] p ap er.
Probably only about 30% of
your f i
nal manuscript should
appear as directly quoted
matter. Therefore, you should
strive to limit the amount of
exact transcribing of source
materials while taking notes.
Lester, James D. Writing
Research Papers. 2nd ed.
(1976): 46-47.
I n r e s e a r c h p a p e r s
students often quote
excessively, failing to keep
quoted material down to a
desirable level. Since the
problem usually originates
during note taking, it is
essential to minimize the
material to be recorded
exactly (Lester 46-47).

26. Some examples to compare
Original Passage A shorter version
Students frequently overuse
direct quotation in taking
notes, and as a result they
overuse quotations in the
f in al [ res earc h ] p ap er.
Probably only about 30% of
your f i
nal manuscript should
appear as directly quoted
matter. Therefore, you should
strive to limit the amount of
exact transcribing of source
materials while taking notes.
Lester, James D. Writing
Research Papers. 2nd ed.
(1976): 46-47.
Students should take just
a few notes in direct
quotation from sources
to help minimize the
a m o u n t o f q u o t e d
material in a research
paper (Lester 46-47).

27. Practice with Paraphrasing (1/2 C.W.)
Copy and answer.
1. The Antarctic is the vast
source of cold on our planet,
just as the sun is the source
of our heat, and it exerts
tremendous control on our
c l i m a t e , [ J a c q u e s ]
Cousteau told the camera
. The cold ocean water
around Antarctica f lows
north to mix with warmer
water from the tropics, and
its upwellings help to cool
both the surface water and
our atmosphere. Yet the
fragility of this regulating
system is now threatened by
h u m a n a c t i v i t y. F r o
m Captain Co usteau,
Audubon (May 1990):17.
2. Of the more than 1000
bicycling deaths each
year, three-fourths are
caused by head injuries.
Half of those killed are
school-age children. One
study concluded that
wearing a bike helmet
can reduce the risk of
head injury by 85 percent.
In an accident, a bike
helmet absorbs the shock
and cushions the head.
From Bike Helmets:
U nuse d Li fe sav e rs,
Consumer Reports (May
1990): 348.