1) Information warfare involves using and managing information technology to gain a competitive advantage over an opponent through activities like collecting tactical information, spreading propaganda, and undermining the quality of an adversary's information. 2) There are two views of information: as data that can be stored and transmitted, and as perceptions that can shape beliefs and images. 3) Controlling the "infosphere" is key to information warfare, as it involves influencing information flows and perceptions at tactical, operational, and strategic levels during peace, tension, and war.