This document provides an overview of information systems and their role in business. It discusses how businesses face pressures from the market, technology, and society that information systems can help address. Examples are provided of how companies like Lufthansa and Intel have used information systems to gain efficiencies and respond to these pressures. The document also discusses how information systems can support rural development through examples like Gyandoot in India. Finally, it explores visions of the future from thinkers like Carl Sagan, Alvin Toffler, Thomas Friedman, and Peter Drucker about the transition to a knowledge-based society.
Introduction to information systems and the role of information systems in bu...Ultraspectra
This document provides an overview of information systems and their role in business today. It discusses the evolution from the agricultural age to the industrial age to today's information age. An information system is defined as a set of interconnected components that collect, process, store and distribute information to support decision making. The document also outlines how the digital transformation of business, globalization, rise of the information economy, and emergence of the digital firm have altered the competitive environment. It provides examples of how UPS uses information technologies in its package tracking systems.
Information Systems is a set of interrelated components that collect (input), manipulate (process), store, and disseminate (output) data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.
The document discusses the informational needs of organizations in an information society. It describes how organizations must adapt to constant innovation, global competition, and a highly dynamic information environment. It also discusses how organizations can use information systems to facilitate knowledge work, continuous innovation, internal renewal, and protection from information overload through targeted information acquisition and filtering.
An information system is a computer-based system for processing and organizing information to provide various levels of management with accurate and timely information needed for decision making. Globalization and the knowledge economy have increased the need for information systems. Modern information systems allow organizations to operate globally, transform into knowledge-based enterprises, and decentralize and flatten their structures. They provide new options for organizational design like virtual organizations and electronic commerce.
People and businesses need information for different purposes. For individuals, information provides entertainment and enlightenment, while businesses use information for decision making, problem solving, and control. Data refers to raw facts, while information involves organizing data in a way that provides value beyond the individual facts. An information system is made up of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and disseminate data and information to meet an objective.
The document discusses the history and evolution of information systems over six periods from the 1950s to present:
1) 1950s: Transaction processing systems for electronic data processing
2) 1960s-1970s: Emergence of management information systems to provide reports for managers
3) 1970s-1980s: Development of personal computers and decision support systems for interactive analysis
4) 1980s-1990s: Creation of executive information systems and growth of the internet
5) 1990s-2000s: Applications of artificial intelligence like expert systems and knowledge management systems
6) 2000s-present: Rise of e-business, e-commerce, mobile technologies, big data, and cloud computing.
The document defines an information system as a combination of hardware, software, infrastructure, and trained personnel organized to facilitate planning, control, coordination, and decision making in an organization. It notes information systems have advantages like making work easier, allowing real-time updates, and improving organizational quality, but also have disadvantages such as costs, system breakdowns, lack of IT skills, privacy issues, and unemployment. The document provides examples of how information systems are used in daily life and business.
Introduction to information systems and the role of information systems in bu...Ultraspectra
This document provides an overview of information systems and their role in business today. It discusses the evolution from the agricultural age to the industrial age to today's information age. An information system is defined as a set of interconnected components that collect, process, store and distribute information to support decision making. The document also outlines how the digital transformation of business, globalization, rise of the information economy, and emergence of the digital firm have altered the competitive environment. It provides examples of how UPS uses information technologies in its package tracking systems.
Information Systems is a set of interrelated components that collect (input), manipulate (process), store, and disseminate (output) data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.
The document discusses the informational needs of organizations in an information society. It describes how organizations must adapt to constant innovation, global competition, and a highly dynamic information environment. It also discusses how organizations can use information systems to facilitate knowledge work, continuous innovation, internal renewal, and protection from information overload through targeted information acquisition and filtering.
An information system is a computer-based system for processing and organizing information to provide various levels of management with accurate and timely information needed for decision making. Globalization and the knowledge economy have increased the need for information systems. Modern information systems allow organizations to operate globally, transform into knowledge-based enterprises, and decentralize and flatten their structures. They provide new options for organizational design like virtual organizations and electronic commerce.
People and businesses need information for different purposes. For individuals, information provides entertainment and enlightenment, while businesses use information for decision making, problem solving, and control. Data refers to raw facts, while information involves organizing data in a way that provides value beyond the individual facts. An information system is made up of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and disseminate data and information to meet an objective.
The document discusses the history and evolution of information systems over six periods from the 1950s to present:
1) 1950s: Transaction processing systems for electronic data processing
2) 1960s-1970s: Emergence of management information systems to provide reports for managers
3) 1970s-1980s: Development of personal computers and decision support systems for interactive analysis
4) 1980s-1990s: Creation of executive information systems and growth of the internet
5) 1990s-2000s: Applications of artificial intelligence like expert systems and knowledge management systems
6) 2000s-present: Rise of e-business, e-commerce, mobile technologies, big data, and cloud computing.
The document defines an information system as a combination of hardware, software, infrastructure, and trained personnel organized to facilitate planning, control, coordination, and decision making in an organization. It notes information systems have advantages like making work easier, allowing real-time updates, and improving organizational quality, but also have disadvantages such as costs, system breakdowns, lack of IT skills, privacy issues, and unemployment. The document provides examples of how information systems are used in daily life and business.
This document provides an introduction to information technology. It defines information and technology, then defines information technology as any technology that helps produce, manipulate, store, or communicate information. It discusses the different parts of information technology, including computer technology and communication technology. It also describes computers, their basic components and operations, as well as types of computers like analog and digital. The document outlines the purposes and uses of computers in areas like science, business, education, and government. Finally, it defines management information systems (MIS) as computer-based systems that provide managers with tools to efficiently manage organizations.
The document introduces concepts related to information systems including data, information, system components, types of business information systems, and the systems development process. It discusses how information systems can help organizations by processing data into valuable information that supports decision-making, identifies the components of computer-based information systems, and describes different types of systems like transaction processing systems and enterprise resource planning systems. The document also covers topics like electronic commerce, knowledge management, security and privacy issues, and the role of information systems in business functions and industries.
This lecture presentation recognizes the difference between IS and IT, reflection on its role in different disciplines and anticipate careers in IT or IS fields.
This document provides an overview of information systems, including:
1. Information systems combine technical components, people, and data to collect, create and distribute useful information for organizations.
2. Key components include hardware, software, data, people, and telecommunications.
3. Careers in information systems require technical skills and generally pay well, including executive roles like CIO.
4. Information systems turn raw data into useful information and can create new opportunities for organizations.
This document discusses the need for IT and facilities teams to work together to ensure the successful design, operation, and maintenance of mission critical environments like data centers. While IT and facilities have different perspectives and requirements, cooperation between the teams is important. Regular communication is needed to understand each group's challenges and integrate IT growth plans with the facilities design. Collaboration throughout the project lifecycle from planning to commissioning and maintenance is key to meeting the organization's goals.
The document discusses the Management Information System (MIS) program at Amity School of Business. It provides details about the MIS curriculum, which covers topics like organizations, information technology infrastructure, and key systems applications. It also defines MIS, describes its objectives to provide information for management decision making and control, and lists common systems that support an effective MIS, such as on-demand output and expert systems.
This document provides an overview of information systems in organizations. It defines key concepts like data, information, and knowledge. It discusses why organizations use information systems to achieve operational excellence, develop new products and services, gain customer intimacy, improve decision making, gain competitive advantages, and ensure survival. The dimensions of an information system that must be understood are the organization, management, and technology. A case study of UPS's automated package tracking system is also provided to illustrate how information systems provide benefits.
This document provides an overview of computer applications in management. It discusses the role of computers and how they have impacted every sphere of human activity. It then covers the personal benefits of learning about computers, such as improved employment prospects and greater self-sufficiency. The document also examines how information technology has influenced business organizations by enabling faster response times, communication, and decision-making. It provides examples of how IT has been applied to key management areas like accounting, finance, marketing, production, and human resources. Finally, the document defines what a computer is and describes the components of a basic computer system.
Information systems provide essential support to businesses in three key ways:
1. They support business processes and operations by coordinating activities and workflows.
2. They support managerial decision making through tools that help identify problems, compile relevant data, and evaluate alternatives.
3. They support business strategies for gaining competitive advantages through approaches like reducing costs, innovating products, and expanding markets globally.
1. An information system is a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization. It includes hardware, software, data, people, processes, and technologies.
2. Information systems have three main components - input, processing, and output. They also involve feedback and control to monitor performance. Common examples of information systems include transaction processing systems, decision support systems, and executive information systems.
3. Managing information systems effectively presents challenges related to business processes, technology development, goals and ethics. Developing successful information system solutions involves analyzing needs, designing, implementing, and maintaining systems through continuous improvement.
Information Systems in Global Business Today.pptxRoshni814224
The document discusses the role of information systems in business today. It describes how information systems are transforming business through emerging technologies like mobile platforms, big data, and cloud computing. Information systems help businesses achieve strategic objectives like operational excellence, new products/services, customer intimacy, improved decision making, competitive advantage and survival. The growth of information technology investment from 32% to 52% of capital between 1980-2009 is also noted. Key topics covered include digital business processes, strategic uses of information systems, and how systems and business capabilities are interdependent.
The document provides an overview of information systems, including their definition, components, types, functions, importance, and security considerations. It defines an information system as a set of components that collect, process, store and distribute information to support decision making in an organization. The key components are hardware, software, data, people, and networks. There are different types of information systems like transaction processing systems, management information systems, decision support systems, and expert systems that support various levels and functions within an organization. Ensuring security and privacy of information is also an important aspect.
This document discusses the role of information systems in business. It provides examples of how the NBA uses new IS to collect and organize game data for improved decision making. IS are transforming business through increased wireless technology, web usage, cloud computing and mobile platforms that enable more distributed work. The growth of IT investment and digital information is discussed. Key points are that IS enable businesses to achieve strategic objectives like operational excellence, new products/services, better decisions and competitive advantages, and are essential for conducting business in the 21st century.
The document discusses how information systems have transformed businesses and why they are essential. It defines an information system as comprising the organizational processes, people, and technologies that collect and use data to solve business problems. Information systems allow businesses to achieve strategic objectives like operational excellence, new products/services, customer intimacy, improved decision making, and competitive advantage. The dimensions of an information system include the organization, people/management, and technologies. Management Information Systems is the study of the organizational, people and technological dimensions of information systems and why it is important to study - for IT literacy and to solve business problems.
An information system is comprised of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and operations within an organization. It relies on computer hardware and software to process and disseminate data, which has been organized into a meaningful form, to support both formal systems operating with predefined rules and human users. An information system includes input, processing, output, and feedback activities to transform raw data into useful information.
Information systems have evolved significantly over the past 50 years, from the earliest use of mainframe computers for transaction processing, to today's cloud and artificial intelligence technologies. Key developments included the rise of personal computers enabling decision support systems, client-server networks and executive information systems, and now cloud computing and expert systems using artificial intelligence.
This document provides an overview of information systems and their components and roles. It discusses different types of information systems like transaction processing systems, management support systems, and enterprise collaboration systems. It also covers information system frameworks, concepts, and trends. Key points discussed include the components of an IS, types of management support systems, roles of IS in supporting business processes and decision making, and how IS can provide competitive advantage.
Basic concepts of information technology and the internetFrankie Jones
1. Basic concept and terminology of information technology
2. WHAT IS INFORMATION SYSTEM?
3. Evolution of computing technologies
4. What is Information Technology?
5. Emerging technologies in computing
6. Various Measures to secure data
7. ICT to solve problem
8. Importance of a Life-Long Learning to IT Professional
9. Impact of IT on Job Skills and Careers
10. Roles of Various Personnel in Computer Related Profession
1) Information systems affect nearly all business careers as firms increasingly rely on technology to gain competitive advantages. Accounting, finance, marketing, operations and management roles now require technical skills.
2) Common skills needed across careers include understanding how IT helps achieve objectives like efficiency and new products, working with databases, analyzing information, and addressing legal/ethical issues.
3) Specific careers also require skills in the technologies used, like enterprise systems for financial reporting, marketing databases, or production management software.
Introduction to management information systemOnline
The document provides an overview of management information systems and discusses key concepts. It introduces the objectives of studying information systems which include distinguishing data from information and identifying the basic types of business information systems. The document also outlines the lecture which covers information concepts, a business perspective on information, characteristics of valuable information, systems performance standards, manual versus computerized systems, and the positive and negative impacts of information systems.
This document provides an introduction to information technology. It defines information and technology, then defines information technology as any technology that helps produce, manipulate, store, or communicate information. It discusses the different parts of information technology, including computer technology and communication technology. It also describes computers, their basic components and operations, as well as types of computers like analog and digital. The document outlines the purposes and uses of computers in areas like science, business, education, and government. Finally, it defines management information systems (MIS) as computer-based systems that provide managers with tools to efficiently manage organizations.
The document introduces concepts related to information systems including data, information, system components, types of business information systems, and the systems development process. It discusses how information systems can help organizations by processing data into valuable information that supports decision-making, identifies the components of computer-based information systems, and describes different types of systems like transaction processing systems and enterprise resource planning systems. The document also covers topics like electronic commerce, knowledge management, security and privacy issues, and the role of information systems in business functions and industries.
This lecture presentation recognizes the difference between IS and IT, reflection on its role in different disciplines and anticipate careers in IT or IS fields.
This document provides an overview of information systems, including:
1. Information systems combine technical components, people, and data to collect, create and distribute useful information for organizations.
2. Key components include hardware, software, data, people, and telecommunications.
3. Careers in information systems require technical skills and generally pay well, including executive roles like CIO.
4. Information systems turn raw data into useful information and can create new opportunities for organizations.
This document discusses the need for IT and facilities teams to work together to ensure the successful design, operation, and maintenance of mission critical environments like data centers. While IT and facilities have different perspectives and requirements, cooperation between the teams is important. Regular communication is needed to understand each group's challenges and integrate IT growth plans with the facilities design. Collaboration throughout the project lifecycle from planning to commissioning and maintenance is key to meeting the organization's goals.
The document discusses the Management Information System (MIS) program at Amity School of Business. It provides details about the MIS curriculum, which covers topics like organizations, information technology infrastructure, and key systems applications. It also defines MIS, describes its objectives to provide information for management decision making and control, and lists common systems that support an effective MIS, such as on-demand output and expert systems.
This document provides an overview of information systems in organizations. It defines key concepts like data, information, and knowledge. It discusses why organizations use information systems to achieve operational excellence, develop new products and services, gain customer intimacy, improve decision making, gain competitive advantages, and ensure survival. The dimensions of an information system that must be understood are the organization, management, and technology. A case study of UPS's automated package tracking system is also provided to illustrate how information systems provide benefits.
This document provides an overview of computer applications in management. It discusses the role of computers and how they have impacted every sphere of human activity. It then covers the personal benefits of learning about computers, such as improved employment prospects and greater self-sufficiency. The document also examines how information technology has influenced business organizations by enabling faster response times, communication, and decision-making. It provides examples of how IT has been applied to key management areas like accounting, finance, marketing, production, and human resources. Finally, the document defines what a computer is and describes the components of a basic computer system.
Information systems provide essential support to businesses in three key ways:
1. They support business processes and operations by coordinating activities and workflows.
2. They support managerial decision making through tools that help identify problems, compile relevant data, and evaluate alternatives.
3. They support business strategies for gaining competitive advantages through approaches like reducing costs, innovating products, and expanding markets globally.
1. An information system is a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization. It includes hardware, software, data, people, processes, and technologies.
2. Information systems have three main components - input, processing, and output. They also involve feedback and control to monitor performance. Common examples of information systems include transaction processing systems, decision support systems, and executive information systems.
3. Managing information systems effectively presents challenges related to business processes, technology development, goals and ethics. Developing successful information system solutions involves analyzing needs, designing, implementing, and maintaining systems through continuous improvement.
Information Systems in Global Business Today.pptxRoshni814224
The document discusses the role of information systems in business today. It describes how information systems are transforming business through emerging technologies like mobile platforms, big data, and cloud computing. Information systems help businesses achieve strategic objectives like operational excellence, new products/services, customer intimacy, improved decision making, competitive advantage and survival. The growth of information technology investment from 32% to 52% of capital between 1980-2009 is also noted. Key topics covered include digital business processes, strategic uses of information systems, and how systems and business capabilities are interdependent.
The document provides an overview of information systems, including their definition, components, types, functions, importance, and security considerations. It defines an information system as a set of components that collect, process, store and distribute information to support decision making in an organization. The key components are hardware, software, data, people, and networks. There are different types of information systems like transaction processing systems, management information systems, decision support systems, and expert systems that support various levels and functions within an organization. Ensuring security and privacy of information is also an important aspect.
This document discusses the role of information systems in business. It provides examples of how the NBA uses new IS to collect and organize game data for improved decision making. IS are transforming business through increased wireless technology, web usage, cloud computing and mobile platforms that enable more distributed work. The growth of IT investment and digital information is discussed. Key points are that IS enable businesses to achieve strategic objectives like operational excellence, new products/services, better decisions and competitive advantages, and are essential for conducting business in the 21st century.
The document discusses how information systems have transformed businesses and why they are essential. It defines an information system as comprising the organizational processes, people, and technologies that collect and use data to solve business problems. Information systems allow businesses to achieve strategic objectives like operational excellence, new products/services, customer intimacy, improved decision making, and competitive advantage. The dimensions of an information system include the organization, people/management, and technologies. Management Information Systems is the study of the organizational, people and technological dimensions of information systems and why it is important to study - for IT literacy and to solve business problems.
An information system is comprised of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and operations within an organization. It relies on computer hardware and software to process and disseminate data, which has been organized into a meaningful form, to support both formal systems operating with predefined rules and human users. An information system includes input, processing, output, and feedback activities to transform raw data into useful information.
Information systems have evolved significantly over the past 50 years, from the earliest use of mainframe computers for transaction processing, to today's cloud and artificial intelligence technologies. Key developments included the rise of personal computers enabling decision support systems, client-server networks and executive information systems, and now cloud computing and expert systems using artificial intelligence.
This document provides an overview of information systems and their components and roles. It discusses different types of information systems like transaction processing systems, management support systems, and enterprise collaboration systems. It also covers information system frameworks, concepts, and trends. Key points discussed include the components of an IS, types of management support systems, roles of IS in supporting business processes and decision making, and how IS can provide competitive advantage.
Basic concepts of information technology and the internetFrankie Jones
1. Basic concept and terminology of information technology
2. WHAT IS INFORMATION SYSTEM?
3. Evolution of computing technologies
4. What is Information Technology?
5. Emerging technologies in computing
6. Various Measures to secure data
7. ICT to solve problem
8. Importance of a Life-Long Learning to IT Professional
9. Impact of IT on Job Skills and Careers
10. Roles of Various Personnel in Computer Related Profession
1) Information systems affect nearly all business careers as firms increasingly rely on technology to gain competitive advantages. Accounting, finance, marketing, operations and management roles now require technical skills.
2) Common skills needed across careers include understanding how IT helps achieve objectives like efficiency and new products, working with databases, analyzing information, and addressing legal/ethical issues.
3) Specific careers also require skills in the technologies used, like enterprise systems for financial reporting, marketing databases, or production management software.
Introduction to management information systemOnline
The document provides an overview of management information systems and discusses key concepts. It introduces the objectives of studying information systems which include distinguishing data from information and identifying the basic types of business information systems. The document also outlines the lecture which covers information concepts, a business perspective on information, characteristics of valuable information, systems performance standards, manual versus computerized systems, and the positive and negative impacts of information systems.
This document discusses information systems and their applications in the agri-food sector. It defines different types of information systems including transaction processing systems, management information systems, decision support systems, and expert systems. It then discusses how emerging technologies like the internet of things, blockchain, big data, and artificial intelligence can benefit the agri-food industry through applications like precision agriculture, food traceability and transparency, and predictive analytics. A case study on using DNA-based traceability and digital technologies to ensure quality and origin of olive oils is also presented.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software helps companies coordinate information across business areas like marketing, supply chain management, accounting, and human resources. ERP programs use a shared database and reporting tools to manage business processes from a company-wide perspective. Functional areas within a business, like marketing and accounting, are interdependent and require data sharing to operate efficiently. Business processes integrate functional areas and are collections of activities that create value for internal or external customers. ERP systems improve information sharing between functional areas and business processes.
Information systems are transforming business by improving customer experience, reducing costs, and enabling new business models. An information system collects, processes, stores, and distributes data to support decision making across an organization. It has organizational, management, and technological components. Academically, information systems draw from disciplines like computer science, management science, operations research, psychology, economics, and sociology. A sociotechnical perspective views information systems as jointly optimizing social and technical aspects to achieve organizational performance. Complementary assets ensure information systems provide genuine value by supporting the implementation and use of new technologies.
Mis impact of information technology on businessCyndhie DeLeon
This document discusses the impact of information technology on business operations. It explains that information technology affects all departments of a business, including accounting, finance, human resources, sales, marketing, and operations management. It allows for more efficient sharing of information between departments. The document also provides examples of how information technology benefits customer relations, business operations, corporate culture, security, and research opportunities. It concludes with case studies on how information technology helped and hindered businesses like FedEx and London Heathrow Airport.
PIS Lecture notes principal of information systemsShukraShukra
This document provides an overview of an introductory course on principles of information systems. It includes the course schedule, learning objectives, and definitions of key concepts like data, information, knowledge, systems, and information systems. The lecture schedule outlines 14 classes covering topics such as strategic information systems, knowledge management, enterprise resource planning, and decision making. Definitions provided help distinguish between data, information, and knowledge. Information systems are described as sets of components that collect, process, store, and disseminate data and information to meet objectives.
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A data warehouse is a central relational database that contains all measurements about a business or an organisation. This data comes from a variety of heterogeneous data sources, which includes databases of any type that back the applications used by the company, data files exported by some applications, or APIs provided by internal or external services.
But designing a data warehouse correctly is a hard task, which requires gathering information about the business processes that need to be analysed in the first place. These processes must be translated into so-called star schemas, which means, denormalised databases where each table represents a dimension or facts.
We will discuss these topics:
- How to gather information about a business;
- Understanding dictionaries and how to identify business entities;
- Dimensions and facts;
- Setting a table granularity;
- Types of facts;
- Types of dimensions;
- Snowflakes and how to avoid them;
- Expanding existing dimensions and facts.
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
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2. Contents
• Introduction to Information systems
• Business pressures and IT support
• IS for rural uplift
• Towards a new society
• Course details
3. Data and Information
• Data:
– Raw facts, such as an employee’s name and
number of hours worked in a week, inventory
parts etc. that are recorded ,collected and stored.
• Information:
– Data that have been organized so that they have
meaning and value to the recipient
– This requires a basic knowledge of the processing
to be done
4. UK Meteorological office
• The office provides daily weather prediction and
information regarding climatic changes, hurricane
warning and global warming effects.
• Data on temp., pressure, humidity, wind are relayed to
HQ at UK, from monitoring centers around the world,
• The data is processed with super computers every 90
minutes using Meteorological model which is
continuously refined by a team of experts
• Resulting information is relayed to media centers.
5. Some Characteristics of Valuable
Information
• Accurate – Error free
.
• Timely-When needed
• Economical-Cost vs. value
• Reliable- depends on the source
• Relevant-depends on applications
6. What is a System?
• A set of interrelated components, with a clearly
defined boundary, working together, to achieve
a common set of objectives
Examples:
Manufacturing systems
Railway systems
Educational systems
• A system concept become even more useful by
including feedback and control components
7. Systems: Some Examples
• University • Toyota Plant
–Inputs: Students, –Inputs: raw
Faculty, Textbooks materials,
components
–Processes:
–Processes: assembly
Education/Training line
–Output: graduates –Output: Cars /vans
–Feedback: surveys, –Feedback: customer
grades surveys, quality
reports
8. A Manufacturing System
Environment
Feedback Feedback
Signals Signals
Control Control by Control
Signals Management Signals
Input of Manufacturing Output of
Raw Materials Process Finished Products
System Boundary
9. What is an Information System?
A purposefully designed system that accepts data
resources as input , process them to information
products as output.
Control of System Performance
Input of Output of
Processing
Data Information
Data
Resources Products
Storage of Data Resources
Ex.: Weather forecast data
12. History of the Role of IS
1950-1960 1960-1970 1970-1980 1980-1990 1990-2000
Data Management Decision Strategic & Electronic
Processing Reporting Support End User Commerce
Transaction
processing Management
Systems- Information
TPS Decision
Systems-
Support
MIS
Systems
-DSS Exec Info Sys
Expert Systems Electronic
EIS/ES Business &
Commerce
- EC
14. Roles of IS in Business
IS provide an organization with
15. Lufthansa IS
• In 2001, Lufthansa launched the “Lufthansa Mobile
Initiative,” which aimed to provide all pilots with
notebook computers.
• It helps 3,500 highly mobile airline pilots plugged into the
corporate infrastructure, that informs them about
schedules, weather events, and other facts that affect
their jobs throughout the world.
• Pilots use their notebook computers for computer-based
training whether they are learning about new aircraft or
things like specific hydraulic systems.
• This Lufthansa Mobile Initiative is yielding significant
productivity and efficiency improvements, while keeping
costs manageable.
18. Today’s Business Environment
• Characterized by:
– Rapid Change
– Global extent
– Technology support
– Hypercompetition
– Customer Focus
• Businesses therefore requires the support of
IT/IS for survival
19. Business Pressures
• The three types of business pressures faced
are: market, technology, and societal pressures.
• These factors or forces can change quickly,
sometimes in an unpredictable manner and it
can create business pressures on the
organizations
20. IT support for organizational
responses
• Organization can respond to the business
pressures with activities, supported by IT
IT Support - Ex. Made-to-order
21. Intel and AMD
• Till 2006 the computing chip market was controlled by
Intel with Pentium.
• In 2005 AMD introduced a low energy consuming chip
Opteron with Pentium comparable performance and
captured the major share in Intel market.
• In 2006 Intel came up with a new very low energy
consuming chip with better performance than Opteron
and at a lower cost. Intel recaptured the market.
22. IS Success metrics
• Efficiency
– Minimize cost, time, and use of resources
• Effectiveness. How IS :
– Support business strategies
– Enable business processes
– Enhance organizational functions
– Increase customer relations
23. Hospital information system
• Heart attack is the No1 killer in any advanced
country.
• Getting the health history is very crucial in
deciding treatment.
• The health information system provides doctors
with the necessary health details using Smart
cards, internet access and centralized database.
• Telemedicine extends this facility to remote
areas.
25. Gyandoot
• A Community owned self sustainable and
low cost, rural IS project
Started on January 1, 2000, Dhar district,
Madhya Pradesh Under the initiative of Dr.
Rojara, an IAS officer
26. Gyandoot
• An Intranet in Dhar District (MP, India) that
connects rural cyber cafes
• Main feature
– The intranet connects 21 rural cyber cafes
called Soochanalayas. Each Soochanalaya
provides services to about 10 to 15 Gram
Panchayats, 20 to 30 villages, 20,000 to 30,000
population. The net covers 5 out of 13 Blocks in
the district and 3 out of 7 tahsils in the district.
28. Gyandoot
• The Soochanalayas are located on the roadside of
the central villages where people normally travel. All
together they serve a population of over half a
million.
• Services Provided at present are:
– Commodity marketing information services
– Copies of land records
– On-line registration of applications (income
certificates, land demarcation)
– Public Grievance Redressal
– Hindi e-mail
29. Why follow Gyandooth Example?
• To improve the efficiency, effectiveness,
accountability and transparency of local government
• To increase access to services, information and policy
documentation by the public.
• To enhance the livelihoods of the public by providing
better access to agricultural information, commerce,
education and training facilities
A priority project for Government
Ref Text pp. 365: Drishtee.com: Connecting India Village by village
31. Towards a new society
• Carl Sagan - The dragons of Eden
• Alvin Toffler – Future shock
• Thomas Friedman – The world is flat
• Peter F Drucker – Management challenges
for 21stcentury and
others books
32. Carl Edward Sagan
• Carl Edward Sagan , An American Astronomer,1934-
1996- a highly successful popular science Writer
• He published more than 600 scientific papers and
popular articles and was author, co-author, or editor
of more than 20 books
• The Dragon of Eden, Speculations on the evolution of
human intelligence, Pulitzer Price..
• If the discoveries of earth can be condensed to a
cosmic year, all of recorded discoveries occupies the
last one second of December 31
• In this period human beings have witnessed an
exponential growth in discoveries.
33. Alvin Toffler
• Alvin Toffler is an American writer and futurist,
known for his works discussing the Information
revolution
• A former associate editor of Fortune magazine, his
early work focused on technology and its impact on
society
• He has also been described in the Financial Times as
the "world's most famous Futurologist".
34. Future shock-in nutshell
• Toffler argues that society is undergoing an
enormous structural change, a revolution from an
industrial society to a “Super Industrial Society".
• “Man has a limited biological capacity for change.
When this capacity is overwhelmed, the capacity
is in future shock.”
• This accelerated rate of technological and social
change will leave them disconnected, suffering
from "shattering stress and disorientation"
35. A summary
• Learn to Learn Fast
• Selective Learning
• Overlapping Subject Boundaries
• Life Long Learning
• Job stress
• Repetitive strain (stress) injuries
• psychological impacts
• Digital Divide
36. Quote-Future Shock
• ‘If you look at the change today, the scale is
enormous, it’s increasingly global, and it’s
happening at an unbelievable speed.’
• ‘The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those
who cannot read and write, but those who cannot
rapidly learn, unlearn, and relearn’
• ‘Guru is anyone who bought his PC a week before
you bought ’
38. Thomas L. Friedman
• Thomas L. Friedman, a world-renowned author and
journalist, joined the New York Times in 1981 as a
financial reporter
• A three-time Pulitzer Prize winner, he has traveled
hundreds of thousands of miles reporting the Middle
East conflict, international economics, and the
worldwide impact of the terrorist threat.
• His foreign affairs column, which appears twice a
week in the Times, is syndicated to seven hundred
other newspapers worldwide
See - MIT Video
39. Why does Friedman say the world is
flat?
• “Only 30 years ago, if you had a choice of being born
as a student in Boston or a genius in Bangalore or
Beijing, you probably would have chosen Boston,
because a genius in Beijing or Bangalore could not
really take advantage of his or her talent. They could
not plug and play globally. Not anymore. Not when
the world is flat, and anyone with smarts, access to
Google and a cheap wireless laptop can join the
innovation fray.”-Friedman
40. Globalization
• Friedman credits the creation of Business
software and the internet, and political factors
that caused several developing countries,
including China, Russia, India and Latin America,
to open their borders and be technologically in
par with USA in the technological front.
• Friedman agrees that these developments in
Globalization and Outsourcing are desirable and
unstoppable, and he feels that American society
has to wakeup to remain a world leader
In sourcing
41. Peter Drucker
• Peter Drucker is a writer, teacher and consultant who
has published 32 books, mostly on various aspects of
society, economics, politics and management.
• Born in 1909 in Vienna, Mr. Drucker was educated in
Austria and England, and holds a doctorate from
Frankfurt University.
• Since 1971 he has been Professor of Social Science
and Management at Claremont Graduate University,
California.
42. The next society- Peter Drucker
• The next society will be a knowledge society. The
term “Knowledge society” is first used by Peter
Druker in 1969 as a fancy neologism.
• In such a society Knowledge will be its key resource,
and knowledge workers will be the dominant group
in its workforce. Its three main characteristics are:
– Borderlessness, because knowledge travels even
more effortlessly than money.
– Upward mobility, available to everyone through
easily acquired formal education.
– Selection, Anyone can acquire the knowledge
required for the job, but not everyone can win.
43. Information Society And Knowledge
society
• “Information society is the building block for
knowledge societies. Whereas I see the concept of
‘information society’ as linked to the idea of
‘technological innovation’, the concept of ‘knowledge
societies’ includes a dimension of social, cultural,
economical, political and institutional
transformation, and a more pluralistic and
developmental perspective..”
- Sally Burch
44. Knowledge society
Wealth Generation Social Transformation
Focus Areas Focus Areas
Information Technology Education
Bio-Technology Health Care
Energy Agriculture
Environment Regeneration Employment generation
Tele-Medicine Services Rural prosperity
Native knowledge products
45. Knowledge Commission
• “……Whether a nation has arrived at the state of
knowledge society is judged by the way the country
effectively deals with knowledge creation and
knowledge deployment in all sectors like IT,
industries, agriculture, health care etc”
Dr.Abdul Kalam.
46. Organization of the future
• The percentage of older population in developed
/developing countries is on the increase
• Majority of these people may work for an
organization either as part-time staff, multiskilled
workers or outsourced ‘deployees’, managed
either independently or through a separate
outsourcing organization
• ¨ large organizations, and even medium-sized
ones, will need to disintegrate into federations of
associated companies “
47. World of Tomorrow
• The world of tomorrow will not be dominated or
even shaped by information technology, but IT will
be only one of several important new technologies
like Bio-technologies, Nano -technologies etc.
• Drucker comments, “…the resource crunch makes
‘economic miracles’ increasingly difficult for
developing countries to achieve”.
• Drucker also warns that protectionism and tariff
barriers against the ‘developing countries’ are likely
to increase - defeating the ‘global benefit’ promises
made through GATT and the like. - Survival
49. In short
• “We are schooled to learn from the past. Our
predictions are often based on what we see when we
look back and examining the patterns that lead us to
where we are. The age we are in doesn’t work that
way any more. In these times evolution is just as
likely to be created by discontinuous change as it is
by steady progression.”
Business Standard