Internal Medicine Board Review Flashcards - This eBook contains 50 Infectious Disease Flashcards. The Flashcards are review questions and can be used to study for medical board exams including the USMLE Step Exams and the ABIM Internal Medicine Exam. More questions can be found at www.knowmedge.com

1. Infectious Disease
Includes 50 Flashcards for Board Exam prep
www.knowmedge.com
INTERNAL MEDICINE BOARD REVIEW FLASHCARDS

2. K N O W M E D G E
INTERNALMEDICINEBOARDREVIEWFLASHCARDS
Infectious Disease
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This book contains 50 quick review Infectious Disease flashcards written by the team of Knowmedge
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upcoming exam. If you are interested in learning more about Knowmedge, please visit us at
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4. What is the causative organism of
chancroid?
Question 1
Haemophilus ducreyi
Answer 1

5. What are treatment options for
chancroid?
Question 2
Azithromycin, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin,
Erythromycin
Answer 2

6. What is the most common causative
organism of spontaneous bacterial
peritonitis (SBP)?
Question 3
The most common causative organism of
SBP is E. coli which is seen in about 40-
60% of cases.
Answer 3

7. The diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial
peritonitis (SBP) is made when the ascitic
fluid has a PMN count greater than
_______ or a single organism on culture.
Question 4
250/µL
Answer 4

8. What type of vaginitis is described? The
overgrowth of bacteria in the vagina
leads to a "fishy" or foul-smelling
discharge.
Question 5
Bacterial (Gardnerella) vaginosis
Answer 5

9. What kind of vaginitis is characterized by
"cottage cheese" discharge and
pseudohyphae on wet mount?
Question 6
Candidiasis
Answer 6

10. True or False: All age groups of women
may be affected by vaginitis, but patients
over the age of 60 are at greater risk.
Question 7
False; Patients are at greater risk during
their reproductive years.
Answer 7

11. An arthrocentesis showing white blood
cell (WBC) count greater than ______
will confirm the diagnosis of septic
arthritis.
Question 8
50,000/µL
Answer 8

12. True or False: Nocardia can cause lung,
brain and skin infections and does not
manifest as an infection in the urine
Question 9
True
Answer 9

13. Patients who have intranuclear or
intracytoplasmic inclusions on a
urinalysis, increasing creatinine level,
and are status-post transplant on
tacrolimus likely have what condition?
Question 10
Human polyomavirus nephropathy
Answer 10

14. __________ is a bacterial infection that
typically starts in the lungs and can affect
the brain and skin as well.
Question 11
Nocardiosis
Answer 11

15. Nocardia is a (weakly or strongly?) acid
fast organism.
Question 12
Strongly
Answer 12

16. True or False: Nocardia is a branching
and filamentous Gram positive organism.
Question 13
True
Answer 13

17. ____________ is a foodborne illness and
generally impacts patients at the
extremes of age, pregnant women or
those with weakened immune systems.
Question 14
Listeriosis
Answer 14

18. (Giardiasis or Toxoplasmosis?) is a
parasitic disease that passes from
animals like cats to humans.
Question 15
Toxoplasmosis
Answer 15

19. What condition results in acute testicular
pain with overlying redness, warmth and
tenderness of the scrotal sac?
Question 16
Epididymitis
Answer 16

20. True or False: Prehn’s test is not specific
but can help differentiate between
testicular torsion and epididymitis.
Question 17
True
Answer 17

21. If there is no relief of pain with elevation
of the testicle, this is a (Positive or
Negative?) Prehn’s test, indicative of
(Testicular torsion or Epididymitis?)
Question 18
Negative; Testicular torsion
Answer 18

22. Which malignancy is treated with
FOLFOX therapy?
Question 19
Colon cancer
Answer 19

23. What is the treatment for hepatitis C
patients?
Question 20
Ribavirin and interferon
Answer 20

24. Which hepatitis is associated with
porphyria cutanea tarda?
Question 21
Hepatitis C
Answer 21

25. What is the chronicity rate of hepatitis
B?
Question 22
Less than 10%
Answer 22

26. Which hepatitis has the greatest chance
of developing chronicity?
Question 23
Hepatitis C, with a chronicity rate
between 70 and 85%
Answer 23

27. What is the goal central venous pressure
in the treatment of a patient with sepsis?
Question 24
8-12cm H2O
Answer 24

28. What is the goal mean arterial pressure
in the treatment of a patient with sepsis?
Question 25
65mmHg
Answer 25

29. True or False: Alcohol-based hand
cleaners will not help prevent infections
of C. diff since the alcohol can’t kill the
spores of C diff.
Question 26
True
Answer 26

30. True or False: C. diff infection requires
both contact and airborne precautions.
Question 27
False; C. diff infection only requires
contact precautions.
Answer 27

31. True or False: Mycobacterium
tuberculosis does not require airborne
precaution - only contact precaution.
Question 28
False; Mycobacterium tuberculosis
requires airborne precautions.
Answer 28

32. What is the most common cause of
death in infective endocarditis?
Question 29
Neurologic deficits secondary to embolic
phenomena
Answer 29

33. What is the most common skin finding in
infective endocarditis?
Question 30
Petechiae
Answer 30

34. What group of organisms cause culture
negative infective endocarditis?
Question 31
HACEK group of organisms. H-
Hemophillus, A- Actinobaciluus, C-
Cardiobacterium, E- Eiknella, K- Kingella
Answer 31

35. What is the most common infective
organism in a patient with fever, new
cardiac murmur and a history of IV drug
abuse?
Question 32
Staphylococcus aureus
Answer 32

36. What is the next best step in a patient
with endocarditis caused by
Streptococcus bovis?
Question 33
Colonoscopy to rule out colorectal
infection
Answer 33

37. Having chickenpox previously denotes
immunity against what organism?
Question 34
Varicella zoster virus
Answer 34

38. True or False: E. Coli is not a common
cause of catheter-associated infection
Question 35
False; E. Coli is one of the major culprits
of catheter-associated infections
Answer 35

39. True or False: Candida in the blood
should never be considered a
contaminant and treatment should be
initiated promptly.
Question 36
True
Answer 36

40. What agent is preferred for treating non-
albicans Candida?
Question 37
Echinocandins, like caspofungin, are
preferred to treat non-albicans Candida
Answer 37

41. True or False: Zoster vaccination is
contraindicated in HIV patients.
Question 38
True; Being a live vaccine, zoster
vaccination is contraindicated in HIV
patients.
Answer 38

42. Herpes zoster vaccination is
recommended in individuals who are
immunocompetent and are older than
___ years of age.
Question 39
60
Answer 39

43. For puncture wounds or dirty wounds,
confirming that the patient is up to date
with _____ or ______ vaccinations is
very important.
Question 40
Tetanus-diphtheria (Td) or tetanus-
diphtheria-pertussis (Tdap)
Answer 40

44. True or False: Live vaccinations
administered to such patients can
activate the immune system which could
lead to further progression of HIV
disease.
Question 41
True
Answer 41

45. Live vaccinations should generally be
avoided in all HIV patients. Any HIV
patient who has a CD4 count less than
___/µL should absolutely not be given
live vaccinations.
Question 42
200
Answer 42

46. What is the most common nosocomial
infection?
Question 43
Urinary Tract Infection
Answer 43

47. What is the most common causative
organism for community-acquired
urinary tract infection?
Question 44
Escherichia coli
Answer 44

48. True or False: Any blood culture that
reveals candida should never be
considered a contaminant.
Question 45
True
Answer 45

49. True or False: Candidemia can progress
to endocarditis
Question 46
True
Answer 46

50. True or False: Fluconazole is not an
appropriate choice in non-neturopenic
patients
Question 47
False; Non-neutropenic patients usually
benefit from fluconazole
Answer 47

51. Of the most common Nosocomial
infections, which one has the highest
mortality rate?
Question 48
Pneumonia
Answer 48

52. With which eye condition is ulcerative
colitis associated?
Question 49
Anterior uveitis
Answer 49

53. What is the eye condition that causes a
lack of ipsilateral adduction to a
contralateral gaze?
Question 50
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO)
Answer 50

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