The document outlines India's industrial policies since independence, including the Industrial Policy Resolutions of 1948, 1956, and subsequent policies. It aimed to promote industrialization and economic development through import substitution, public sector involvement, licensing requirements, and support for small industries. Reforms in 1991 reduced licensing, opened sectors to foreign investment, and aimed to make industry more competitive and export-oriented. Current policies further liberalized restrictions.
The document discusses the evolution of industrial policy in India from 1948 to the present. It outlines the key objectives of industrial policies over time, including promoting industrialization, reducing economic disparities, and defining the roles of the public and private sectors. More recent policies have aimed to liberalize the economy by reducing licensing restrictions and opening sectors to greater private and foreign investment. The current industrial policy landscape in India is substantially changed from earlier policies that emphasized state control and import substitution.
The document summarizes India's industrial policies from 1948 to 1991. It outlines the key objectives of each policy resolution, which focused on increasing production, reducing inequality, promoting industrialization, and defining the roles of the public and private sectors. The policies evolved over time to emphasize rural development, exports, technology upgrades, and greater private sector involvement to accelerate economic growth. The 1991 policy aimed to make India more competitive globally by dismantling regulations, welcoming foreign investment, and ensuring workers' welfare amid economic reforms.
Industrial policy in India has evolved over time through various resolutions and statements to promote industrialization and economic development. The 1948 and 1956 resolutions emphasized state involvement and public sector growth. Later policies in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1991 liberalized the economy, reduced licensing, and encouraged private sector participation and foreign investment. Current policy focuses on developing infrastructure, innovation, and global cooperation to support industrial clusters and special economic zones. Effective policy requires balancing multiple objectives and coordinating various sectors like education, skills, and research.
The Indian industrial policies from 1948-1991 aimed to promote rapid industrialization and economic growth through a dominant public sector and restrictions on private companies and foreign investment. The 1956 policy gave the public sector a primary role in development and categorized industries into those exclusively reserved for public/private sectors. Subsequent policies expanded the small scale sector and promoted export-oriented industries. However, by 1991, India faced an economic crisis with low foreign reserves. The 1991 reforms dramatically liberalized industry by opening all sectors to private companies, removing licensing, and welcoming foreign investment to boost the economy.
The document provides an overview of India's industrial policies since independence. The key policies include the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1948 which outlined an active but limited role for the state in industrial development. The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 expanded the state's role and sought to accelerate industrialization along socialist lines. Subsequent policies in 1973, 1977, and 1980 made further adjustments. The 1991 New Industrial Policy dramatically liberalized the economy, reducing licensing, opening sectors to private and foreign investment, and redefining the public sector's role. It aimed to make India a global player through reforms, privatization, liberalization and stabilization.
The document provides an overview of India's industrial policies from 1948 to the present. It discusses the key objectives and provisions of various policy resolutions and statements over time, including promoting development in key industries, balancing the roles of public and private sectors, and supporting small/medium enterprises. It also outlines current definitions for micro, small, medium and large industries and some major issues and recommendations regarding small and medium enterprises. The industrial policy for 2010-2015 aims to promote investment and competitiveness.
The document provides an overview of India's industrial policies from 1948 to 2010. It discusses the key objectives and provisions of various policy resolutions and statements over time. Some of the major policies covered include the Industrial Policy Resolutions of 1948, 1956, 1973, 1977, and 1980 as well as the new industrial policies of 1991 and 2010-2015. The document also defines different industry classifications and provides details on policies related to micro, small, and medium enterprises in India.
This document provides an overview of India's industrial policies from 1948 to the present. It discusses the objectives and key features of various industrial policy resolutions enacted over time. The initial resolutions in 1948, 1956, and 1973 focused on expanding public sector involvement and prioritizing basic and strategic industries. Later policies in 1977, 1980, and 1991 aimed to liberalize the economy, encourage private sector growth, and attract foreign investment. The current scenario features fewer licensing requirements and greater openness to trade and globalization compared to earlier policies focused on import substitution and self-reliance.
The document discusses the evolution of industrial policy in India from 1948 to the present. It outlines the key objectives of industrial policies over time, including promoting industrialization, reducing economic disparities, and defining the roles of the public and private sectors. More recent policies have aimed to liberalize the economy by reducing licensing restrictions and opening sectors to greater private and foreign investment. The current industrial policy landscape in India is substantially changed from earlier policies that emphasized state control and import substitution.
The document summarizes India's industrial policies from 1948 to 1991. It outlines the key objectives of each policy resolution, which focused on increasing production, reducing inequality, promoting industrialization, and defining the roles of the public and private sectors. The policies evolved over time to emphasize rural development, exports, technology upgrades, and greater private sector involvement to accelerate economic growth. The 1991 policy aimed to make India more competitive globally by dismantling regulations, welcoming foreign investment, and ensuring workers' welfare amid economic reforms.
Industrial policy in India has evolved over time through various resolutions and statements to promote industrialization and economic development. The 1948 and 1956 resolutions emphasized state involvement and public sector growth. Later policies in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1991 liberalized the economy, reduced licensing, and encouraged private sector participation and foreign investment. Current policy focuses on developing infrastructure, innovation, and global cooperation to support industrial clusters and special economic zones. Effective policy requires balancing multiple objectives and coordinating various sectors like education, skills, and research.
The Indian industrial policies from 1948-1991 aimed to promote rapid industrialization and economic growth through a dominant public sector and restrictions on private companies and foreign investment. The 1956 policy gave the public sector a primary role in development and categorized industries into those exclusively reserved for public/private sectors. Subsequent policies expanded the small scale sector and promoted export-oriented industries. However, by 1991, India faced an economic crisis with low foreign reserves. The 1991 reforms dramatically liberalized industry by opening all sectors to private companies, removing licensing, and welcoming foreign investment to boost the economy.
The document provides an overview of India's industrial policies since independence. The key policies include the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1948 which outlined an active but limited role for the state in industrial development. The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 expanded the state's role and sought to accelerate industrialization along socialist lines. Subsequent policies in 1973, 1977, and 1980 made further adjustments. The 1991 New Industrial Policy dramatically liberalized the economy, reducing licensing, opening sectors to private and foreign investment, and redefining the public sector's role. It aimed to make India a global player through reforms, privatization, liberalization and stabilization.
The document provides an overview of India's industrial policies from 1948 to the present. It discusses the key objectives and provisions of various policy resolutions and statements over time, including promoting development in key industries, balancing the roles of public and private sectors, and supporting small/medium enterprises. It also outlines current definitions for micro, small, medium and large industries and some major issues and recommendations regarding small and medium enterprises. The industrial policy for 2010-2015 aims to promote investment and competitiveness.
The document provides an overview of India's industrial policies from 1948 to 2010. It discusses the key objectives and provisions of various policy resolutions and statements over time. Some of the major policies covered include the Industrial Policy Resolutions of 1948, 1956, 1973, 1977, and 1980 as well as the new industrial policies of 1991 and 2010-2015. The document also defines different industry classifications and provides details on policies related to micro, small, and medium enterprises in India.
This document provides an overview of India's industrial policies from 1948 to the present. It discusses the objectives and key features of various industrial policy resolutions enacted over time. The initial resolutions in 1948, 1956, and 1973 focused on expanding public sector involvement and prioritizing basic and strategic industries. Later policies in 1977, 1980, and 1991 aimed to liberalize the economy, encourage private sector growth, and attract foreign investment. The current scenario features fewer licensing requirements and greater openness to trade and globalization compared to earlier policies focused on import substitution and self-reliance.
The industrial policy of India covers rules and regulations established by the government to regulate industries in the country. It prescribes the roles of public, private, cooperative, large, medium, and small scale sectors in developing industries. The main objectives of industrial policy are to maintain sustained growth, enhance employment, prevent concentration of economic power, optimize resource use, and improve competitiveness. Key industrial policies were established in 1948, 1956, 1973, 1977, 1980, and 1991 with a shift towards liberalization in 1991.
The document outlines India's industrial policies since independence. It defines industrial policy and discusses its objectives of promoting rapid, balanced, and regional industrial growth. The 1956 policy expanded the public sector and aimed to reduce inequality. The 1991 policy liberalized the economy by abolishing licenses, opening industries to the private sector, allowing more foreign investment and technology, and dismantling regulatory barriers. It aimed to make India self-reliant through job creation and technology development.
The document outlines India's industrial policies since independence. Key policies include the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1948 which accepted a mixed economy with government monopoly in select industries. The 1956 policy emphasized heavy industries and expanding the public sector. The 1973 policy gave preference to small and medium enterprises. The 1980 policy promoted competition and 1991 policy deregulated industry, allowed private sector flexibility, and reduced licensing/controls.
The document provides an overview of India's industrial policies from 1948 to 1991. It discusses the key features and objectives of industrial policies introduced in 1948, 1956, 1960s-70s, 1977, 1980, and 1991. The 1991 policy aimed to reduce licensing and controls to increase competition. Positives included increased investment, production, exports and regional development. Negatives included over-emphasis on foreign investment, exploitation of resources, reduced public sector role, and increased unemployment.
Here is a draft clause to address the issue of bogus Khadi units operating in India and claiming rebates from the Government of India under the existing Industrial Policy of India:
To promote authentic Khadi production and curb the operation of bogus Khadi units, the following measures shall be introduced:
1. The Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) will establish strict criteria for Khadi production units to be recognized as authentic producers eligible for Government rebates and incentives. These may include parameters around raw material sourcing, production processes, record keeping, etc.
2. All existing and new Khadi production units must register with KVIC and satisfy the recognition criteria to be able to claim any
Industrial policy is a document that sets the tone in implementing, promoting the regulatory roles of the government. It was an effort to expand the industrialization and uplift the economy to its deserved heights. It signified the involvement of the Indian government in the development of the industrial sector.
The document summarizes key industrial policies and regulations in India over time. It discusses the Telangana state government's new industrial policy and its aims. It then provides an overview of India's central government industrial policy resolutions from 1948 to the present, including objectives, classifications of industries, and other details. Key reforms from the 1991 New Economic Policy and subsequent five-year plans are also summarized.
Industrial policy involves rules, regulations, and procedures established by the government to regulate, develop, and control industrial undertakings in a country. The key objectives of India's industrial policies have included achieving balanced regional development, employment generation, modernization, and making the economy more self-reliant. Major industrial policy statements were issued in 1948, 1956, 1973, 1977, 1980, and 1991. The 1991 policy liberalized the economy through reducing licensing, allowing more foreign investment, and privatizing public sector enterprises through the disinvestment process.
This document discusses various industrial policies of India from 1948 to 1991. It provides an overview of the key objectives and features of each policy. Some of the major industrial policy resolutions covered include those from 1956, 1973, 1977, 1980, and 1991. The document also discusses concepts like industrial licensing, disinvestment of public sector units, and different trade theories such as absolute advantage theory and comparative advantage theory.
Industrial policies were adopted in India in 1948, 1956, 1973, 1977, 1980, and 1991 to assist investors, strengthen industrialization, define public and private investment sectors, and establish an industrialization framework. The 1948 policy divided industries into state monopoly, mixed, government control, and private enterprise sectors. The 1956 policy aimed to accelerate growth, develop heavy and machine industries, expand the public sector, and prevent economic power concentration. It divided sectors into state monopoly, public-private mixed, and private. Later policies increasingly liberalized and opened India's economy to private and foreign investment. The 1991 policy abolished licensing, diluted the public sector's role, and established zones to attract foreign investment and technology.
Industrial Policy of India – recent policy initiativesSatish Kumar
The industrial policy of India has evolved over time from a policy of laissez faire to greater government intervention and support of specific sectors. Recent policy initiatives have aimed to promote rapid and balanced industrial development, small and village industries, employment generation, and make India more competitive globally. The impacts of India's industrial policies include significant economic growth, technological advances, increased production diversity, and making exports crucial to the economy.
The document discusses India's industrial policies since independence in 1948. It outlines the objectives of early policies which focused on establishing a socialistic pattern of society and reducing economic disparities. Subsequent policies in 1956, 1973, 1977 and 1980 aimed to promote self-reliance, employment, and modernization. The 1991 policy liberalized the economy through deregulation, privatization and opening to foreign investment. The document also provides details on industrial licensing and the objectives of disinvesting in public sector enterprises.
The document discusses India's industrial policies since independence in 1948. It outlines the objectives of early policies which focused on establishing a socialistic pattern of society and reducing regional disparities. Subsequent policies in 1956, 1973, 1977 and 1980 aimed to promote self-reliance, employment, and modernization. The 1991 policy liberalized the economy by abolishing licenses, allowing more foreign investment, and privatizing public sector enterprises. The document also provides details on a specific company and discusses industrial licensing.
This document outlines the key industrial policies of India from 1948 to 2015. It begins with introducing the meaning and need for industrial policies in India after independence. It then summarizes the objectives and highlights of each major industrial policy introduced in 1948, 1956, 1973, 1977, 1980, 1991 and 2010-2015. The impact of these successive policies included initial growth in the industrial sector post independence, periods of stagnation, and two major booms. The overall industrial growth rate over this period was around 5.81% annually. The conclusion emphasizes that industrial policies provide necessary guidelines and regulations to support smooth functioning of industries and economic development.
Introduction
The industrial policy means the procedures, principles, policies rules and regulations which control the industrial undertaking of the country and pattern of industrialization. It explains the approach of Government in context to the development of industrial sector. In India the key objective of the economic policy is to achieve self-reliance in all sectors of the economy and to develop socialistic pattern of society. The industrial policy in the pre-reform period i.e. before1991 put greater emphasis on the state intervention in the field of industrial development. These policies no doubt have resulted into the creation of diversified industrial structure but caused a number of inefficiencies, distortions and rigidities in the system. Thus during late 70’s and 80’s, Government initiated liberalization measures in the industrial policy framework. The drastic liberalization measures were however, carried out in 1991.
Industrial Policies Prior to 1991
Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948
The first important industrial policy statement was made in the Industrial policy Resolution (IPR), 1948. The main thrust of IPR, 1948 was to lay down the foundation of mixed economy whereby the private and public sector was accepted as important components in the development of industrial economy of India. The policy divided the industries into four broad categories:
(i) Industries with Exclusive State Monopoly: It included industries engaged in the activity of atomic energy, railways and arms and ammunition.
(ii) Industries with Government Control: It included the industries of national importance and so needs to be registered. 18 such industries were put under this category eg. fertilizers, heavy chemical, heavy machinery etc.
(iii) Industries in the Mixed Sector: It included the industries where private and public sector were allowed to operate. Government was allowed to review the situation to acquire any existing private undertaking.
(iv)Industries under Private Sector: Industries not covered by above categories fell in this category.
IPR, 1948 gave public sector vast area to operate. Government took the role of catalytic agent of industrial development. The resolution assigned complementary role to small-scale and cottage industries. The foreign capital which was seen with suspect in the pre-independent era was recognized as an important tool to speedup up industrial development
The industrial policy document outlines the key policies and resolutions related to industrial development in India since 1948. The key highlights are:
1) The 1948 resolution emphasized the importance of increasing production and its equitable distribution, and an active role for the state in developing industries.
2) Subsequent resolutions in 1956, 1973, and 1977 focused on reducing economic inequalities, preventing monopolies, expanding state-run industries, and boosting small enterprises.
3) The 1991 policy aimed to liberalize the economy, encourage foreign investment and technology, make public sectors more efficient, and boost competitiveness while protecting workers and the environment.
The document discusses the industrial policies and regulations of the Telangana state government in India. It outlines the key aspects of Telangana's new industrial policy, including providing a single application form for all project clearances to be approved within 15 days. It also notes that many districts in Telangana are rich in mineral resources and the policy aims to utilize these resources to create job opportunities and promote economic development in the state.
The document summarizes India's new industrial policy introduced in 1991. The 1991 policy liberalized India's economy by removing licensing requirements for all industries except 18 sectors. It increased caps on foreign investment, allowed private sector independence, and promoted exports and imports. The objectives were to create high-wage, high-productivity growth through diversity and competition. The policy aimed to make India's industries globally competitive by reducing restrictions and bureaucratic controls. It encouraged foreign technology, rural industries, and public-private partnerships. The impact was increased industrialization, investment, and foreign direct investment in India.
The document summarizes Bangladesh's Industrial Policy 2016. It discusses the history of industrial policies in Bangladesh since independence in 1971, with 11 policies introduced up to 2016. The key focus of these policies was encouraging private sector growth, reducing the role of public sector, and stimulating industrial development. The Industrial Policy 2016 aims to make Bangladesh a middle-income country by 2021 through public-private partnerships and massive industrialization to raise industry's contribution to GDP and employment. It defines large, medium, small and other industry categories based on employment and asset size.
University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcripttscdzuip
办理美国UNCC毕业证书制作北卡大学夏洛特分校假文凭定制Q微168899991做UNCC留信网教留服认证海牙认证改UNCC成绩单GPA做UNCC假学位证假文凭高仿毕业证GRE代考如何申请北卡罗莱纳大学夏洛特分校University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcript
Dr. Alyce Su Cover Story - China's Investment Leadermsthrill
In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
https://www.britannica.com/event/Expo-Shanghai-2010
China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
The industrial policy of India covers rules and regulations established by the government to regulate industries in the country. It prescribes the roles of public, private, cooperative, large, medium, and small scale sectors in developing industries. The main objectives of industrial policy are to maintain sustained growth, enhance employment, prevent concentration of economic power, optimize resource use, and improve competitiveness. Key industrial policies were established in 1948, 1956, 1973, 1977, 1980, and 1991 with a shift towards liberalization in 1991.
The document outlines India's industrial policies since independence. It defines industrial policy and discusses its objectives of promoting rapid, balanced, and regional industrial growth. The 1956 policy expanded the public sector and aimed to reduce inequality. The 1991 policy liberalized the economy by abolishing licenses, opening industries to the private sector, allowing more foreign investment and technology, and dismantling regulatory barriers. It aimed to make India self-reliant through job creation and technology development.
The document outlines India's industrial policies since independence. Key policies include the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1948 which accepted a mixed economy with government monopoly in select industries. The 1956 policy emphasized heavy industries and expanding the public sector. The 1973 policy gave preference to small and medium enterprises. The 1980 policy promoted competition and 1991 policy deregulated industry, allowed private sector flexibility, and reduced licensing/controls.
The document provides an overview of India's industrial policies from 1948 to 1991. It discusses the key features and objectives of industrial policies introduced in 1948, 1956, 1960s-70s, 1977, 1980, and 1991. The 1991 policy aimed to reduce licensing and controls to increase competition. Positives included increased investment, production, exports and regional development. Negatives included over-emphasis on foreign investment, exploitation of resources, reduced public sector role, and increased unemployment.
Here is a draft clause to address the issue of bogus Khadi units operating in India and claiming rebates from the Government of India under the existing Industrial Policy of India:
To promote authentic Khadi production and curb the operation of bogus Khadi units, the following measures shall be introduced:
1. The Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) will establish strict criteria for Khadi production units to be recognized as authentic producers eligible for Government rebates and incentives. These may include parameters around raw material sourcing, production processes, record keeping, etc.
2. All existing and new Khadi production units must register with KVIC and satisfy the recognition criteria to be able to claim any
Industrial policy is a document that sets the tone in implementing, promoting the regulatory roles of the government. It was an effort to expand the industrialization and uplift the economy to its deserved heights. It signified the involvement of the Indian government in the development of the industrial sector.
The document summarizes key industrial policies and regulations in India over time. It discusses the Telangana state government's new industrial policy and its aims. It then provides an overview of India's central government industrial policy resolutions from 1948 to the present, including objectives, classifications of industries, and other details. Key reforms from the 1991 New Economic Policy and subsequent five-year plans are also summarized.
Industrial policy involves rules, regulations, and procedures established by the government to regulate, develop, and control industrial undertakings in a country. The key objectives of India's industrial policies have included achieving balanced regional development, employment generation, modernization, and making the economy more self-reliant. Major industrial policy statements were issued in 1948, 1956, 1973, 1977, 1980, and 1991. The 1991 policy liberalized the economy through reducing licensing, allowing more foreign investment, and privatizing public sector enterprises through the disinvestment process.
This document discusses various industrial policies of India from 1948 to 1991. It provides an overview of the key objectives and features of each policy. Some of the major industrial policy resolutions covered include those from 1956, 1973, 1977, 1980, and 1991. The document also discusses concepts like industrial licensing, disinvestment of public sector units, and different trade theories such as absolute advantage theory and comparative advantage theory.
Industrial policies were adopted in India in 1948, 1956, 1973, 1977, 1980, and 1991 to assist investors, strengthen industrialization, define public and private investment sectors, and establish an industrialization framework. The 1948 policy divided industries into state monopoly, mixed, government control, and private enterprise sectors. The 1956 policy aimed to accelerate growth, develop heavy and machine industries, expand the public sector, and prevent economic power concentration. It divided sectors into state monopoly, public-private mixed, and private. Later policies increasingly liberalized and opened India's economy to private and foreign investment. The 1991 policy abolished licensing, diluted the public sector's role, and established zones to attract foreign investment and technology.
Industrial Policy of India – recent policy initiativesSatish Kumar
The industrial policy of India has evolved over time from a policy of laissez faire to greater government intervention and support of specific sectors. Recent policy initiatives have aimed to promote rapid and balanced industrial development, small and village industries, employment generation, and make India more competitive globally. The impacts of India's industrial policies include significant economic growth, technological advances, increased production diversity, and making exports crucial to the economy.
The document discusses India's industrial policies since independence in 1948. It outlines the objectives of early policies which focused on establishing a socialistic pattern of society and reducing economic disparities. Subsequent policies in 1956, 1973, 1977 and 1980 aimed to promote self-reliance, employment, and modernization. The 1991 policy liberalized the economy through deregulation, privatization and opening to foreign investment. The document also provides details on industrial licensing and the objectives of disinvesting in public sector enterprises.
The document discusses India's industrial policies since independence in 1948. It outlines the objectives of early policies which focused on establishing a socialistic pattern of society and reducing regional disparities. Subsequent policies in 1956, 1973, 1977 and 1980 aimed to promote self-reliance, employment, and modernization. The 1991 policy liberalized the economy by abolishing licenses, allowing more foreign investment, and privatizing public sector enterprises. The document also provides details on a specific company and discusses industrial licensing.
This document outlines the key industrial policies of India from 1948 to 2015. It begins with introducing the meaning and need for industrial policies in India after independence. It then summarizes the objectives and highlights of each major industrial policy introduced in 1948, 1956, 1973, 1977, 1980, 1991 and 2010-2015. The impact of these successive policies included initial growth in the industrial sector post independence, periods of stagnation, and two major booms. The overall industrial growth rate over this period was around 5.81% annually. The conclusion emphasizes that industrial policies provide necessary guidelines and regulations to support smooth functioning of industries and economic development.
Introduction
The industrial policy means the procedures, principles, policies rules and regulations which control the industrial undertaking of the country and pattern of industrialization. It explains the approach of Government in context to the development of industrial sector. In India the key objective of the economic policy is to achieve self-reliance in all sectors of the economy and to develop socialistic pattern of society. The industrial policy in the pre-reform period i.e. before1991 put greater emphasis on the state intervention in the field of industrial development. These policies no doubt have resulted into the creation of diversified industrial structure but caused a number of inefficiencies, distortions and rigidities in the system. Thus during late 70’s and 80’s, Government initiated liberalization measures in the industrial policy framework. The drastic liberalization measures were however, carried out in 1991.
Industrial Policies Prior to 1991
Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948
The first important industrial policy statement was made in the Industrial policy Resolution (IPR), 1948. The main thrust of IPR, 1948 was to lay down the foundation of mixed economy whereby the private and public sector was accepted as important components in the development of industrial economy of India. The policy divided the industries into four broad categories:
(i) Industries with Exclusive State Monopoly: It included industries engaged in the activity of atomic energy, railways and arms and ammunition.
(ii) Industries with Government Control: It included the industries of national importance and so needs to be registered. 18 such industries were put under this category eg. fertilizers, heavy chemical, heavy machinery etc.
(iii) Industries in the Mixed Sector: It included the industries where private and public sector were allowed to operate. Government was allowed to review the situation to acquire any existing private undertaking.
(iv)Industries under Private Sector: Industries not covered by above categories fell in this category.
IPR, 1948 gave public sector vast area to operate. Government took the role of catalytic agent of industrial development. The resolution assigned complementary role to small-scale and cottage industries. The foreign capital which was seen with suspect in the pre-independent era was recognized as an important tool to speedup up industrial development
The industrial policy document outlines the key policies and resolutions related to industrial development in India since 1948. The key highlights are:
1) The 1948 resolution emphasized the importance of increasing production and its equitable distribution, and an active role for the state in developing industries.
2) Subsequent resolutions in 1956, 1973, and 1977 focused on reducing economic inequalities, preventing monopolies, expanding state-run industries, and boosting small enterprises.
3) The 1991 policy aimed to liberalize the economy, encourage foreign investment and technology, make public sectors more efficient, and boost competitiveness while protecting workers and the environment.
The document discusses the industrial policies and regulations of the Telangana state government in India. It outlines the key aspects of Telangana's new industrial policy, including providing a single application form for all project clearances to be approved within 15 days. It also notes that many districts in Telangana are rich in mineral resources and the policy aims to utilize these resources to create job opportunities and promote economic development in the state.
The document summarizes India's new industrial policy introduced in 1991. The 1991 policy liberalized India's economy by removing licensing requirements for all industries except 18 sectors. It increased caps on foreign investment, allowed private sector independence, and promoted exports and imports. The objectives were to create high-wage, high-productivity growth through diversity and competition. The policy aimed to make India's industries globally competitive by reducing restrictions and bureaucratic controls. It encouraged foreign technology, rural industries, and public-private partnerships. The impact was increased industrialization, investment, and foreign direct investment in India.
The document summarizes Bangladesh's Industrial Policy 2016. It discusses the history of industrial policies in Bangladesh since independence in 1971, with 11 policies introduced up to 2016. The key focus of these policies was encouraging private sector growth, reducing the role of public sector, and stimulating industrial development. The Industrial Policy 2016 aims to make Bangladesh a middle-income country by 2021 through public-private partnerships and massive industrialization to raise industry's contribution to GDP and employment. It defines large, medium, small and other industry categories based on employment and asset size.
University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcripttscdzuip
办理美国UNCC毕业证书制作北卡大学夏洛特分校假文凭定制Q微168899991做UNCC留信网教留服认证海牙认证改UNCC成绩单GPA做UNCC假学位证假文凭高仿毕业证GRE代考如何申请北卡罗莱纳大学夏洛特分校University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcript
Dr. Alyce Su Cover Story - China's Investment Leadermsthrill
In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
https://www.britannica.com/event/Expo-Shanghai-2010
China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
Discover the Future of Dogecoin with Our Comprehensive Guidance36 Crypto
Learn in-depth about Dogecoin's trajectory and stay informed with 36crypto's essential and up-to-date information about the crypto space.
Our presentation delves into Dogecoin's potential future, exploring whether it's destined to skyrocket to the moon or face a downward spiral. In addition, it highlights invaluable insights. Don't miss out on this opportunity to enhance your crypto understanding!
https://36crypto.com/the-future-of-dogecoin-how-high-can-this-cryptocurrency-reach/
Fabular Frames and the Four Ratio ProblemMajid Iqbal
Digital, interactive art showing the struggle of a society in providing for its present population while also saving planetary resources for future generations. Spread across several frames, the art is actually the rendering of real and speculative data. The stereographic projections change shape in response to prompts and provocations. Visitors interact with the model through speculative statements about how to increase savings across communities, regions, ecosystems and environments. Their fabulations combined with random noise, i.e. factors beyond control, have a dramatic effect on the societal transition. Things get better. Things get worse. The aim is to give visitors a new grasp and feel of the ongoing struggles in democracies around the world.
Stunning art in the small multiples format brings out the spatiotemporal nature of societal transitions, against backdrop issues such as energy, housing, waste, farmland and forest. In each frame we see hopeful and frightful interplays between spending and saving. Problems emerge when one of the two parts of the existential anaglyph rapidly shrinks like Arctic ice, as factors cross thresholds. Ecological wealth and intergenerational equity areFour at stake. Not enough spending could mean economic stress, social unrest and political conflict. Not enough saving and there will be climate breakdown and ‘bankruptcy’. So where does speculative design start and the gambling and betting end? Behind each fabular frame is a four ratio problem. Each ratio reflects the level of sacrifice and self-restraint a society is willing to accept, against promises of prosperity and freedom. Some values seem to stabilise a frame while others cause collapse. Get the ratios right and we can have it all. Get them wrong and things get more desperate.
Enhancing Asset Quality: Strategies for Financial Institutionsshruti1menon2
Ensuring robust asset quality is not just a mere aspect but a critical cornerstone for the stability and success of financial institutions worldwide. It serves as the bedrock upon which profitability is built and investor confidence is sustained. Therefore, in this presentation, we delve into a comprehensive exploration of strategies that can aid financial institutions in achieving and maintaining superior asset quality.
[4:55 p.m.] Bryan Oates
OJPs are becoming a critical resource for policy-makers and researchers who study the labour market. LMIC continues to work with Vicinity Jobs’ data on OJPs, which can be explored in our Canadian Job Trends Dashboard. Valuable insights have been gained through our analysis of OJP data, including LMIC research lead
Suzanne Spiteri’s recent report on improving the quality and accessibility of job postings to reduce employment barriers for neurodivergent people.
Decoding job postings: Improving accessibility for neurodivergent job seekers
Improving the quality and accessibility of job postings is one way to reduce employment barriers for neurodivergent people.
An accounting information system (AIS) refers to tools and systems designed for the collection and display of accounting information so accountants and executives can make informed decisions.
The Impact of Generative AI and 4th Industrial RevolutionPaolo Maresca
This infographic explores the transformative power of Generative AI, a key driver of the 4th Industrial Revolution. Discover how Generative AI is revolutionizing industries, accelerating innovation, and shaping the future of work.
Vicinity Jobs’ data includes more than three million 2023 OJPs and thousands of skills. Most skills appear in less than 0.02% of job postings, so most postings rely on a small subset of commonly used terms, like teamwork.
Laura Adkins-Hackett, Economist, LMIC, and Sukriti Trehan, Data Scientist, LMIC, presented their research exploring trends in the skills listed in OJPs to develop a deeper understanding of in-demand skills. This research project uses pointwise mutual information and other methods to extract more information about common skills from the relationships between skills, occupations and regions.
3. 11/11/2022 3
Background:
• Planning and Industrial policy evolution highly inter-twined:
– Objectives of industrial policy articulated in the Industrial Policy
Resolutions of 1948 and 1956
– Specific priorities and strategies spelt out in successive five year
plans to be implemented by:
– A system of licensing provided for by the Industries
(Development & Regulation) Act, 1951; and
– A system of import licensing and foreign trade policies meant to
promote import substituting industrialization
– Licensing ensured realization of physical targets for capacity set
by the plan, trade policy sought to promote domestic
industrialization by physical allocation of imports by products.
•
4. 11/11/2022 4
Industrial Policy Resolution 1948
• Outlined the approach to industrial growth and
development
• Emphasized the importance of securing a continuous
increase in production and ensuring its equitable
distribution.
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Industrial Policy Resolution 1948
Progressively active role for the State in the
development of Industries.
• State monopoly: Arms and ammunition, atomic energy
and railway transport
• State exclusively responsible for the establishment of
new undertakings in six basic industries-except where,
in the national interest, the State itself found it
necessary to secure the cooperation of private
enterprise.
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Industrial Policy Resolution 1948
• Rest of the industrial field open to private
enterprise though the State would also
progressively participate in this field.
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Industrial Policy Resolution 1956
• After the adoption of the Constitution and the socio-
economic goals, the Industrial Policy was
comprehensively revised and adopted in 1956.
• Sought to accelerate the rate of economic growth and
speed up industrialization to achieve a socialist
pattern of society.
• Capital was scarce & the base of entrepreneurship not
strong enough. Hence, the gave primacy to the role of
the State to assume a predominant and direct
responsibility for industrial development.
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Industrial Policy Resolution 1956
• Objectives:
– Improvement in living standards and working conditions
for the mass of the people.
– Reduction in income and wealth disparities
– Prevention of private monopolies and
concentration of economic power in different
fields in the hands of small numbers of individuals.
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Industrial Policy Resolution 1956
– Progressively predominant and direct
responsibility for the State in setting up new
industrial undertakings and for developing
transport facilities
– Undertake State trading on an increasing scale.
– Equal opportunity for the private sector to develop
and expand.
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Industrial Policy Resolution 1956
– Private sector to develop on the principle of
cooperation; increasing proportion of the
private sector activities to develop on
cooperative lines.
– The adoption of the socialist pattern of society
as the national objective.
– The need for planned and rapid development.
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Industrial Policy Resolution 1956
– Public sector: All industries of basic and strategic
importance, or in the nature of public utility
services.
– The State can undertake any type of industrial
production.
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Industrial Policy Resolution 1956
• Categorization of industries:
i) Set of industries the future development of which
will be the exclusive responsibility of the State
• ii) Category of industries which will be progressively
state-owned and in which the State will, therefore,
generally take the initiative in establishing new
undertakings, but in which private enterprise will also
be expected to supplement the efforts of the State.
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Industrial Policy Resolution 1956
• iii) Rest of industries left to the initiative and
enterprise of the private sector.
• Stress the role of cottage and village and small scale
industries in the development of the national
economy.
• Disparities in levels of development between
different regions should be progressively reduced.
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Industrial Policy 1973
• Certain structural distortions called for policy
changes in IPR 1956
• Provide for a closer interaction between the
agricultural and industrial sectors
• Highest priority to the generation and transmission of
power.
• Identify products to be reserved for the small scale
sector: list of industries exclusively reserved for the
small scale sector expanded from 180 items to more
than 500 items.
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Industrial Policy 1973
• Within the small scale sector, a tiny sector was also
defined with investment in machinery and
equipment up to Rs.1 lakh & located in towns
with a population < 50,000 according to
1971 census figures, and in villages.
• Proposal for special legislation to protect cottage and
household industries
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Industrial Policy 1973
• Compulsory export obligations, merely for ensuring
the foreign exchange balance of the project, would no
longer be insisted upon while approving new
industrial capacity.
• In the areas of price control of agricultural and
industrial products, the prices would be regulated
to ensure an adequate return to the investor.
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Industrial Policy 1977
• Emphasis on
– producing inputs needed by a large number of
smaller units and making adequate marketing
arrangements.
– upgrading the technology of small units.
– Promoting the development of a system of
linkages between nucleus large plants and the
satellite ancillaries
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Industrial Policy 1977
• Emphasis on:
– the development of small scale industries, the investment
limit in the case of tiny units was enhanced to Rs.2 lakh, of
a small scale units to Rs.20 lakh and of ancillaries to Rs.25
lakh.
– building buffer stocks of essential raw materials for the
Small Scale Industries for operation through the Small
Industries Development Corporations in the States
and the National Small Industries Corporation in
the Centre.
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Industrial Policy 1977
• Emphasis on:
– Industrial processes and technologies involving optimum
utilization of energy or the exploitation of alternative
sources of energy for giving special assistance, including
finance on concessional terms.
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The Industrial Policy Statement 1980
• Formulated wrt the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 to
provide for
(i) Optimum utilization of installed capacity;
(ii) Maximum production and achieving higher productivity;
(iii) Higher employment generation;
(iv) Correction of regional imbalances;
(v) Strengthening of the agricultural base through agro based
industries and promotion of optimum inter-sectoral
relationship;
• (vi) Promotion of export-oriented industries;
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The Industrial Policy Statement 1980
• (vii) Promotion of economic federalism through equitable
spread of investment and dispersal of returns;
• (viii) Consumer protection against high prices and bad
quality.
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INDUSTRIAL POLICY 1991
• Govt . recognizes the need for
– social and economic justice, to end poverty and
unemployment and to build a modern, democratic,
socialist, prosperous and forward-looking India
– India to grow as part of the world economy and not in
isolation
– Greater emphasis placed on building up ability to pay
for imports through our own foreign exchange
earnings
– development and utilization of indigenous capabilities
in technology and manufacturing as well as its
up gradation to world standards.
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INDUSTRIAL POLICY 1991
• Sound policy framework encompassing
encouragement of entrepreneurship, development of
indigenous technology through investment in
research and development, bringing in new
technology, dismantling of the regulatory system,
development of the capital markets and increasing
competitiveness for the benefit of the common
man.
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INDUSTRIAL POLICY 1991
• The spread of industrialization to backward areas of
the country will be actively promoted
through appropriate incentives, institutions and
infrastructure investments.
• Government will provide enhanced support to the
small-scale sector so that it flourishes in an
environment of economic efficiency and continuous
technological up gradation
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INDUSTRIAL POLICY 1991
• Foreign investment and technology collaboration will
be welcomed to obtain higher
technology, to increase exports and to expand the
production base.
Government will endeavor to abolish the monopoly
of any sector or any individual
enterprise in any field of manufacture, except on
strategic or military considerations and open all
manufacturing activity to competition.
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INDUSTRIAL POLICY 1991
• The Government will ensure that the public sector
plays its rightful role in the evolving
socioeconomic scenario of the country.
Government will ensure that the public sector is
run on business lines as envisaged in the Industrial
Policy Resolution of 1956 and would continue to
innovate and lead in strategic areas of national
importance.
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INDUSTRIAL POLICY 1991
• Government will fully protect the interests of labour,
enhance their welfare and equip them in all respects
to deal with the inevitability of technological change
Labour will be made an equal partner in
• progress and prosperity
• Workers’ participation in management will be
promoted
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INDUSTRIAL POLICY 1991
• Workers cooperatives will be encouraged to
participate in packages designed to turn around
sick companies.
• The major objectives of the new industrial policy
package will be to build on the gains already made,
correct the distortions or weaknesses that may have
crept in, maintain a sustained growth in productivity
and gainful employment and attain international
competitiveness.
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INDUSTRIAL POLICY 1991
• Need to preserve the environment and ensure the
efficient use of available resources.
• Government’s policy will be continuity with change
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INDUSTRIAL POLICY 1991
• In pursuit of the above objectives, Government
have decided to take a series of initiatives in respect
of the policies relating to the following areas.
A. Industrial Licensing.
B. Foreign Investment.
C. Foreign Technology Agreements.
D. Public Sector Policy.
E. MRTP Act.
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INDUSTRIAL POLICY 1991
• Industrial licensing:
– Modified industrial licensing policy to ease restrictions on
capacity creation, respond to emerging domestic & global
opportunities by improving productivity
– Abolished industrial licensing for most industries but for 18
categories
– Small scale sector reserved
• Foreign Investment:
– FDI (up to 51% foreign equity) permitted in high priority
industries (high investment and advanced technology) & export
oriented companies
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INDUSTRIAL POLICY 1991
• Foreign Technology Agreements:
• Towards technological dynamism, automatic approval for
technological agreements related to high priority industries;
eased procedures for hiring foreign technical expertise
• Public Sector Policy:
Restructuring pubic sector units, raise resources through
pubic participation PSUs, refer sick units to Board of
Industrial & Financial Reconstruction
• MRTP Act:
• Abolished scrutiny of investment decision of MRTP companies etc.
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Current Scenario:
• Substantial changes:
– Only six industries require compulsory licensing
– Only three industries reserved for the public sector
– Relation of restriction on FDI: FDI up to 100 % under
automatic route for most manufacturing activities in
Special Economic Zones; FDI ceiling in pvt banking sector
up to 74%; oil exploration (100%); natural gas and LNG
pipelines (100%); telecom (74%)
• Small Scale industries sector: reduced # of items
reserved from 821 (1991) to 506 (2005)
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Lessons from India:
• Industrial Policy should not be about:
– Controlling Prices
– Controlling Quantity
– Specifying Geographical Location of Activity
– Preemption by Public Sector
– Policy Body, Regulatory Body and Service Provider being
Government Agencies