The document provides information about an internship at Indian Oil Corporation Limited's Guwahati Refinery. It describes the refinery's production of products like LPG, gasoline, diesel and more. It summarizes the mechanical workshop and its sections for pump, valve, bearing and machine repair. It also briefly outlines the thermal power station, crude distillation unit, coking unit, and other processing units. Finally, it discusses oil storage and transportation, as well as the effluent treatment plant.

1. INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITED
GUWAHATI RFINERY
KARAN THAPA
11408303
M1401
Industrial Training
15th June – 14th July

2. INTRODUCTION
• IOCL is an Indian, state-owned oil and gas company headquartered in
New Delhi, India.
• Guwahati Refinery is the first public sector refinery which was set up
in 1962 with a capacity of 1.00 MMTPA.
• Major products of the refinery are LPG, Motor Spirit (petrol), Aviation
Turbine Fuel (ATF), Kerosene, High speed Diesel, Light Diesel Oil,
Raw Petroleum Coke.
• Guwahati Refinery is the only refinery in India that produces green
needle coke, a high value import substitute.
• For more cleaner product and to satisfy the regulatory norms,
Guwahati Refinery has installed three new units: the ISOSIV, the
Hydrotreater and the INDMAX.

3. MECHANICAL WORKSHOP & SKILL
DEVELOPMENT CENTRE
The mechanical workshop has been divided into four section: Rotary Section, Valve Section, Bearing Section, Machine Section,
Welding Section.
•Two types of Pumps are used in Guwahati Refinery, Centrifugal Pump and Reciprocating
Pump
Rotary Section deals with the construction
and repairing of pumps.
•Different types of valves are: Gate Valve, Globe Valve, Pressure Safety Valve, NRV, Ball
Valve, Plug Valve.
Valves are used to stop and allow a fluid to
flow through a pipeline or any such
transmission lines.
•Different types of bearings are: Tapper Roller Bearing, Cylindrical Roller Bearing, Angular
Contact Ball Bearing, Deep Groove Ball Bearing,
Bearing is a mechanical element that permits
relative motion between two parts.
•The machines that were installed in the Machine Section are: Universal Milling Machine,
Shaping Machine, Boring Machine, Radial Drilling Machine, Lathe Machine.
Machine Section is used for finishing and
rectification of damage parts.
•Two types of welding are done in the Refinery: Gas Welding and Arc WeldingWelding Section

4. Split Casing Pump
Screw Pump
Safety Valve
Globe Valve
Gate Valve Non-Returning
Valve

5. THERMAL POWER STATION
• Guwahati Refinery’s power needs are met by the TPS
located inside the plant area.
• TPS has three turbo-generators operating incomplete
island mode.
• The TPS has an installed capacity of 28 MW. It has
two turbo-generatos(TG3 & TG4) of 8 MW capacity and one
TG5 of 12MW.
• For steam generation TPS has five boilers. Mostly Water Tube
Boilers are used.

6. • Accessories Used In TPS
• ID Fan
• Superheater
• Economizer
• Filter
• Steam Turbines
• Condensor
• Cooling Towers
• Cross Flow Type
• Counter Flow Type

8. CRUDE DISTILLATION UNIT
• The Crude Distillation is the
first major processing unit in
a refinery. Therefore it is
often called the mother unit
of a refinery.
• It is used to separate the
crude oils by distillation into
fractions of the required
products according to their
boiling points.
• Crude oil is a complex
mixture of various
hydrocarbons and their
derivatives containing

9. Main constituent of Petroleum:
• Paraffinic hydrocarbons (alkanes)
• Naphthenic hydrocarbons (cyclo-
alkanes)
• Benzene hydrocarbons (arenes)
• Unsaturated hydrocarbons
(olefins)
• Oxygen containing compounds
(naphthenic acids, phenols and
tarasphaltene compounds)
• Sulphur compounds (vary from
traces to 8%)
• Nitrogen compounds (vary from
traces to 1%)
• Mineral substances

10. CORROSION
Need for Desalting
 Crude oil carries a varying
amount of water and salts. This
impurities, if not separated from
the crude oil will lead to:
• Equipment corrosion due to HCL,
liberated due to hydrolysis or chloric
salt
• Increased consumption of ammonia
to neutralize HCL.
• Product degradation
• Trace metals in distillates, which act
as catalyst poisons.

11. DELAYED COKING UNIT
• Heavier hydrocarbons i.e reduced crude are obtained
in DCU
• The coking process involves two types of processes
• Primary reaction
• In this reaction the heavier hydrocarbon molecules decomposes into
smaller ones. This reaction is known as cracking.
• Secondary reaction
• In this reaction the smaller reactive molecules combine with one
another to form heavy tarry materials. This reaction is known as
polymerization.

12. OTHER UNITS OF THE REFINERY
• Hydrogen Generation Unit (HGU)
• Hydro Treater Unit (HDT)
• Sulphur Recovery Unit (SRU)
• Isomerisation Unit (ISOM)
• INDMAX Unit
• INDMAX is a high severity catalytic cracking process developed by Indian
Oil Corporation R&D Centre to produce very high yield of LPG from
various hydrocarbon fraction viz. Naptha to residues
• The process used is a conventional Fluidized Catalytic Cracking (FCC)
with major difference in catalyst to oil ratio, operating conditions,
catalyst formulation and catalyst to oil ratio of 15-25 (wt/wt) with higher
riser stream in the range of 0-15 wt% of feed.

13. OIL MOVEMENT & STORAGE
• The OM&S is responsible for the
storage, movement and
transmission of the product
produced by the refinery.
• All the crude oil from the
respective suppliers comes
from through pipelines where it
is stored in tanks.
• All the products are supplied
through pipelines except few
such as LPG and ATF which are
transported either by railways
or roadways.
• The tanks where LPG is stored
are called Mound Bullet.

14. EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT
• Industrial effluent contains several pollutants and therefore it
cannot be released to the environment without treatment.
• In Guwahati Refinery, the effluent is treated with the help of
ETP and then a part of the treated water is used by some units
like the fire and safety department and he excess part is
released in he river Brahmaputra.
Treated effluent characteristics:Properties Values
PH 6.5-8.5
Phenol <0.35 ppm
Oil <5 ppm
TSS <10 ppm
Sulphide <0.25 ppm
BOD <7.5 ppm

15. Pollutant Treatment Method:
Pollutant Treatment Method
Free Oil Gravity separation
Emulsified Oil Chemical destabilization and floatation
Sulphide Chemical oxides
Organic (BOD/COD) Biological oxidation and sedimentation
Settable Solids Sedimentation
Microbes Disinfection by chlorination
Suspended Solids Sedimentation and filtration