Impression materials
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This document discusses various dental impression materials including zinc oxide eugenol paste, alginate, polysulphide, silicone, polyether, and digital impression techniques. It covers taking final impressions with zinc oxide eugenol paste using a water cooled rim lock tray as well as agar and different types of silicone impression materials.
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Zinc oxide eugenol
Zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) is a dental cement that has been used for over 150 years. It is used for multiple applications including impressions, temporary fillings, root canal fillings, cementing, and surgical dressings. ZOE cement sets via a chemical reaction between zinc oxide and eugenol. It has low strength but is biocompatible. Modified versions with additions like EBA or polymers have improved properties but ZOE remains useful due to its favorable pulpal response and low cost.
Impression materials
The document discusses dental impression materials. It provides details on the classification, composition, properties, manipulation and applications of various impression materials including alginate, agar, impression compound, zinc oxide eugenol and silicone impressions materials. Impression materials are classified based on their setting mechanism and elasticity into rigid or elastic materials that set via a chemical reaction or temperature change. The document describes the key ingredients, setting reactions, advantages and disadvantages of different impression materials.
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It is important to think of our mouths as connected to the rest of our bodies, as the same blood and nerves serve both. To have overall health, it is necessary to have a healthy mouth through good oral hygiene practices that keep the mouth clean and prevent dental issues like cavities, gum disease, and bad breath.
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The document provides information on the periodontal ligament. It discusses that the periodontal ligament is a specialized connective tissue located between the cementum and bone, attaching the tooth to the jaw. It has principal collagen fibers arranged in bundles that provide flexibility and strength. The periodontal ligament contains fibroblasts, osteoblasts, cementoblasts, osteoclasts and cementoclasts. It transmits occlusal forces to the bone, attaches teeth, absorbs shock, and remodels through constant turnover of old cells and fibers. It also provides nutrition, sensation and a soft tissue casing to protect nerves and blood vessels.
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Cementum is a calcified tissue that covers the root of a tooth and anchors it to the alveolar bone via Sharpey's fibers. It is lighter in color than dentin, softer, and composed of 45-50% inorganic hydroxylapatite and 50-55% organic materials and water. Cementum is avascular and receives nutrients from the periodontal ligament. It is deposited continuously throughout life to maintain the tooth's attachment as the surface layers age. Cementum forms the cementoenamel junction with enamel and has a smooth junction with dentin. Cementum formation begins after root dentin formation, with cells from the dental sac differentiating into cementoblasts that lay down
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Incremental lines in dentine include von Ebner lines which reflect daily variations in mineralization and appear as fine lines perpendicular to the dentin-tooth junction. Counter lines of Owens are hypocalcified lines that distinguish in cross sections as accentuated lines arising from disturbances in dentin matrix mineralization. Neonatal lines separate prenatal from postnatal dentin and result from incomplete calcification at birth due to metabolic changes, appearing in first molars and being useful in forensic dentistry to determine if a child died before or after birth.
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Hist 4 pract
Dentin is the mineralized tissue found underneath enamel that surrounds the dental pulp. It is composed mainly of hydroxyapatite crystals (70%) along with collagen (20%) and water (10%). Dentin formation (dentinogenesis) occurs in two stages - first, odontoblast cells secrete an unmineralized dentin matrix called predentin, then mineralization of the matrix occurs from the inside out in either a globular or linear pattern. Odontoblasts undergo differentiation, formation, and quiescence stages as they secrete predentin, retreat into the pulp canal leaving behind dentinal tubules, and reduce activity over time.
Hist 3
The document discusses the morphological stages of early tooth development which include the dental lamina, bud stage, cap stage, and bell stage. It describes the key events and structures that develop during each stage, including the formation of the enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac. The bud stage involves proliferation of cells leading to condensation. The cap stage involves invagination of the enamel organ. The bell stage involves continued growth and differentiation of cells into ameloblasts and odontoblasts that will form the enamel and dentin. Transitory structures like the enamel knot, enamel cord, and enamel niche are also discussed.
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Oral histology is the study of the microscopic anatomy of oral tissues. It describes the tissues of the teeth, periodontium, and oral mucosa. Histopathology studies diseased tissues obtained from biopsies or autopsies under light, scanning electron, or transmission electron microscopes. Tissues are sectioned and stained, often with hematoxylin and eosin, to distinguish cells and extracellular matrices microscopically. Specimens undergo fixation, dehydration, clearing, embedding in paraffin, sectioning, mounting, and staining for examination.
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The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness and well-being.
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Respiratory issues like asthma are the most sensitive issue that is affecting millions worldwide. It hampers the daily activities leaving the body tired and breathless.
The key to a good grip on asthma is proper knowledge and management strategies. Understanding the patient-specific symptoms and carving out an effective treatment likewise is the best way to keep asthma under control.
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