The Impact of IMO Conventions on SHipping Industry and Ports

1. IMO COMVENTIONS:
IMPACT ON SHIPPING
INDUSTRY AND PORTS

6. TITANIC: SUNK 14TH APRIL 1912
1500 PASSENGERS/ CREW DEAD
SOLAS 1914 CAME INTO FORCE
AFTER MANY CHANGES:
SOLAS 1974

8. IMPACT:
1. SAFETY OF SHIP AND CREW
2. SURVEYS AND
3. INCREASED COST FOR
IMPLEMENTATION
4. PORT STATE CONTROL
ACTIVISM
5. DELAYS AND DETENTIONS

9. MARPOL 1973/ 1978
- TORREY CANYON GROUNDING
OFF ENGLICH COAST: 18th MAR
1967: 1,20,000 TS OF CRUDE SPILT
- AMOCO CADIZ GROUNDING OFF
FRENCH COAST: 16th MAR 1978:
219797 TS OF CRUDE OIL SPILT

10. TORREY CANYON

11. AMOCO CADIZ

12. IMPACT:
1. PREVENTION OF POLLUTION
2. WHISTLE BLOWERS ACTIVITY
3. INCREASED COST FOR
IMPLEMENTATION
4. MARPOL POLICING
5. ORB / SOPEP / GARBAGE
MANAGEMENT PLAN ETC…

13. U.S. VS IONIA MANAGEMENT
Date: April 8, 2011
Whistleblower Award:
Three whistleblowers received
awards of $500,000, $350,000 and
$350,000.
Ch Engineer arrested, tried and
convicted

14. The Crime:
- Thirteen counts of violating the Act
to Prevent Pollution from Ships,
- three counts of falsifying records in
a federal investigation,
- one count of obstruction of justice,
and one count of conspiracy
The Penalty: Ionia Management
paid a $4.9 million penalty.

15. CIVIL LIABILITY CONVENTION
REACTION TO AVOIDANCE OF
LIABILITY BY SHIPOWNERS OF
POLLUTING VESSELS.
- 2000 AMENDMENTS EIF:
1ST NOV 2003
- MAX LIABILITY: 89.77 m SDR
- FUND CONVENTION
- SUPPLEMENTARY FUND

16. IMPACT:
- STRICT BUT LIMITED LIABILITY
- SHIP OWNER TO TAKE
INSURANCE COVER FOR MAX
AMOUNT OF LIABILITY
- CLC CERTIFICATE BY FLAG
- REDUCES LIABILITY ON
SHIPOWNER

17. Exxon valedez

18. ISM CODE:
- HERALD OF FREE ENTERPRISE
- SCANDINAVIAN STAR
- EIF: 01.07.20014 FOR ALL
VESSELS OVER 150 GT.

21. IMPACT:
- INCREASED DOCUMENTATION FOR
SHIP
- MONITORING OF SHIP INDENTS
AND COMPANY RESPONSE
- OVERRIDING AUTHORITY
- CHECKLISTS AND INSTRUCTIONS
- INCREASED EXPENDITURE FOR
SHIPOWNER

22. STCW 2010:
- MANILA AMENDMENTS
- PREVENTION OF FRAUDULENT
PRACTICES FOR OBTAINING COC.
- INCREASED TRAINING
REQUIREMENTS
- TRANSPARENT PROCEDURES
FOR RECRUITMENT OF CREW

23. UNCLOS:
- UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION
ON LAW OF SEA.
- DEFINED AREAS OF RESP AND
AUTHORITIES OF COASTAL STATE
- LISTS THE EXPLOITATION
LIMITAITONS OF COASTAL STATES

24. PROBLEM AREAS
ISM CODE
- Voluminous SMS manuals
- Increased Documentation
- Checklist becoming tick list
- Ineffective Internal Audits
- Owners inability / reluctance to
increase expenditure

25. STCW CODE
- Voluminous
- Complicated language
- Not easy to comprehend
- Coded with rules and sub rules
- Increased simulator requirements
for every course - expenditure
- Rest Hour Management

26. MARPOL
- Oil Record Book – complicated and
not easy for seafarers to fill.
- Fault finding by PSC
- Short cuts by ship staff
- Expenditure increase to ship owners
leading to illegal practices

27. Ballast Water Management
- Not yet in force
- But Many countries already
implements
- Creates confusion on board
- Stiff penalties
- Countries take advantage

28. FAL (Facilitation of Maritime Traffic)
- Standardizes documentary
requirements in ports
- But many ports require much more
documentation.
- Eg: In section D2.5 mentioned “Crew
effects declaration not required on
departure”