1) Andrographis paniculata is a traditional medicinal herb that contains various immunomodulatory compounds like andrographolide. 2) The study aims to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of A. paniculata extracts on mice. 3) The methodology involves collecting and extracting A. paniculata, testing for toxicity, and examining pharmacological effects on immune markers in mice serum and organs. Statistical analysis will be conducted to analyze the effects.

1. A SYNOPSIS ON
“IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT OF
ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA”
SUPERVISED BY: PRESENTED BY:
DR. FAISAL IMAM [HOD] MD. IRSHAD ALAM
Roll NO.- 1120698507
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY
TRANSLAM INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH
MEERUT-250001

2. INTRODUCTION
Andrographis paniculata a member of the family of
Acanthaceae and commonly known as Kalmegh, is a herb
used in traditional medicine.
As an Ayurveda herb it is known as Kalmegh or
Kalamegha, meaning "dark cloud.
AP is an up to 1 meter tall annual shrub with lanceolate
leaves and small white to pink, hairy flowers.It grows in
moist deciduous forests and is also cultivated.

3. PLANT PROFILE
Botanical Name
Andrographis paniculata
Common Name
Kalmegh
Family
Acanthaceae
Part-Used
Whole Plant

4. Figure 1: Plant. Andrographis paniculata

5. BOTANICAL CLASSIFICATION
Kingdom: Plantae
Division : Angiospermae
Class : Dicotilydonae
Family : Acanthaceae
Genus : Andrographis
Species : paniculata Nees

6. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
 Boorsma first isolated AND from AP in 1896
 Corter identified AND as a lactone in 1911
 It is a colourless or light yellow crystal compound
with a very bitter taste
 Deng et al (1982) reported there are four lactones
in Andrographis paniculata

7. They Are
(1) 14-deoxyandrographolide.
(2) Andrographolide.
(3) Neoandrographolide (A Non-bitter, Coglucoside
Derivative of the major Constituent Andrographolide)
And
(4) 14-deoxy- 11,12-didehydroandrographolide.

8. Figure 1-Structure of Andrographolide

9. PHARMACOLOGICAL
PROPERTIES
 Anti-diarrhoeal and intestinal effects
 Effect on upper respiratory infections
 Effect on inflammation and fever
 Cardiovascular activity.
 Hepatoprotective.
 Immunomodulatory activity

10. IMMUNOMODULATORY
EFFECTS
 Andrographis paniculata is a powerful stimulant for
the immunologial system, through both the antigen
specific and non specific way.
It optimizes the expression of the genes that codify
the cytokines’ receptors, and the synthesis of the
histocompatibility molecules, type I and II; in this
way, it improves the interaction between the
competent cells

11. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
AIM: To evaluate the immune-modulatory effects of
andrographis paniculata
OBJECTIVE
Authentication of plant
Collection of plant materials
Shade dry of collected plant
Extraction of plant material
Toxicity study
Pharmacological activity

12. PLAN OF WORK
ANIMAL
Albino Mice : from registered
animal house,
Age : 12 weeks
Weight : 20-25gm
Sex : female
Diet : Conventional
laboratory diet

13. ANIMAL(cont…)
12 week old female Albino Mice.
The animals will be maintained in specific
pathogen free conditions.
Housed with 12 hours of light and 12 hours of
darkness in a controlled temperature (23±1°C)

14. COLLECTION OF PLANT MATERIAL
The leaves of Andrographis paniculata at different stage
of maturity will be collected & dry in shade for 7 days
followed by grinding the fine leaf powder sample will be
used.
REAGENTS AND CULTURE MEDIA
A stock solution for AND will be prepared by
dissolving AND in food grade ethanol at 5 mg/ml.

15. SAMPLING OF MICE
Mice will be anaesthetized intraperitoneally with a mixture
of 40μl ketamine and 40μl xylazine. A cardiac puncture
(23G ¾ needle) will be performed to obtain the blood
sample, followed by cervical cordotomy to ensure rapid
and painless euthanasia before collection of the organs.

16. SERUM COLLECTION
Blood will be collected from anaesthetized mice via
cardiac puncture in a 23G3/4 needle attached to 1 ml
syringe . then added to serum collection tubes and clotted
on ice for at least 30 mins. The blood will be centrifuged
for 2 mins at room temperature. Serum will be
transferred to a microfuge tube and stored at -20°C.

17. Statistical Analysis
All statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS
12.0 for Windows™. The data was analysed using
one-sided, independent samples t-tests

18. REFERENCES:
1. Abbas, A. K., Murphy, K. M. and Sher, A. (1996) Functional
diversity of helper T lymphocytes. Nature, 383, 787-793.
2 . Sheeja K, Shihab PK, Kuttan G. Antioxidant and
inflammatory modulating activities of the plant
Andrographis paniculata Nees, Immunopharmacol
Immunotoxicol. 2006; 6(1):66-73.
3. Fujita et al.,1984; Rajani e eparation of andrographolide
and neoandrographolide from the leaves of Andrographis
paniculatat al., 2000; Du et al., 2003

19. 4. Akbarsha, M. A., Manivannan, B., Hamid, K. S. and
Vijayan, B. (1990) Antifertilit effect of Andrographis
paniculata (nees) in male albino mice. Indian Journal of
Experimental Biology, 28, 421-426.
5. Zhu and Liu.,1984; Kotesw Evaluations of
immunomodulatory properties of ethanol extract of
Andrographis paniculata or andrographolideara et al.,
2004