The document discusses several key events and people from the 1950s including: 1) Operation Wetback which deported over 1 million illegal immigrants from Mexico in 1954 under Eisenhower. 2) Jonas Salk who created the first polio vaccine in 1952, administering it first to children aged 6-9. 3) The Brown vs Board of Education Supreme Court decision in 1954 which overturned legal segregation of public schools and required desegregation "with all deliberate speed".