The document outlines key concepts related to computer systems, including definitions of computer, hardware, and software components. It explains the roles of essential parts like the CPU, motherboard, and various types of software, such as system and application software. Additionally, it covers concepts like digital and analogue information, as well as functions of compilers, linkers, and device drivers.

1. ICT Theory Chapter
1
Key Words to study

2. 6/17/2024 Mr. Thein Zaw Min Types and components of computer system 2
KEY WORDS TO STUDY
1. computer: a device that follows a set
of instructions to carry out a series
of arithmetical and logical operations
2. Computer system: a computer combined
with other equipment so that it can
carry out desired functions.
3. Hardware: the physical parts of a
computer system, the parts you can
touch. This includes the motherboard,
CPU, keyboard, mouse, printer, and so
on.

3. 6/17/2024 Mr. Thein Zaw Min Types and components of computer system 3
KEY WORDS TO STUDY
4. software: programs or applications that
give instructions to the computer to tell
it what to do
5. component: the parts that make up a
whole machine. The internal parts are
usually referred to as components and the
external devices as ‘ peripherals’
6. Central processing unit (CPU): or
processor, is the unit which performs most

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KEY WORDS TO STUDY
7. Circuit board: a thin rigid board
containing thin lines of metals on the
surface to create electric circuits
8. Motherboard or system board: The main
printed circuit board of the computer; it
has connectors that other circuit boards
can be slotted into
9.Internal memory: data storage spaces
that are accessible to the CPU

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KEY WORDS TO STUDY
10. Graphic card: a printed circuit board
that controls the output to a display
screen or monitor
11. Sound card: a printed circuit board
that controls output to speakers and
headphones
12. Networks interface card (NIC): a
printed circuit board that allows the
computer to communicate with other devices

6. Types and components of computer system 6
KEY WORDS TO STUDY
1. Applications software: programs that
carry out operations for specific
applications, such as word processing,
spreadsheets or presentations.
Applications software cannot run on its
own without system software
2. System software: system software
provides the services that the computer
requires to operate. This may be

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KEY WORDS TO STUDY
3. Operating system: The operating system
is a collection of programs to control and
manage all of the software and hardware of
the computer system.
4. Utility software ( utilities) : part of
the system software that can alalyse,
configure, optimize and maintain a computer
to keep it working as well as possible.

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KEY WORDS TO STUDY
1. Compilers: convert the program written
by a human in high-level language into
code that the microprocessor can
understand- a series of 1s and 0s
2. Linkers: take one or more of the files
produced by the compiler and combines
them into a program that the
microprocessor can execute
3. Device drivers: part of the operating
system. Device drivers allow the
processor to communicate with devices

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KEY WORDS TO STUDY
1. process: carry out or execute the
instructions
2. Transistor: a device that regulates
current or voltage low and acts as a
switch for electronic signals
3. Digital: information represented by
certain fixed values rather than as a
continuous range. Usually, data
represented by the digits 1 and 0.

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KEY WORDS TO STUDY
4. analogue: information represented by a
quantity ( e.g an electric voltage or
current) that is continuously variable.
Changes in the information are indicated
by changes in voltage
5. bit: short for binary digit, is the
smallest unit of data in a computer. It
has a single binary value, either 1 or 0.

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KEY WORDS TO STUDY
6. Sample: making a physical measurement
of a wave at set time intervals and
converting those measurements to digital
values.
7. Digital-to-analogue converter – a
device used to convert digital signals
into analogue ones
8. actuator: a device that causes a
machine or other device to operate