The document provides guidance on IELTS writing tasks 1 and 2. It discusses the different types of topics that may appear, including argument, persuasion, and narrative. It emphasizes the importance of structure, with introductions, body paragraphs, and conclusions. It also highlights differences in how to approach and structure responses for argument versus persuasion topics. Key points include presenting both sides of an issue for arguments and stating your opinion upfront for persuasions. The document concludes by offering samples of topic questions and outlines for responding to them appropriately.
How to learn IELTS Vocabulary (Collocations and Topic Specific Vocabulary)Ben Worthington
25 Slides explaining the what to learn and how to learn it.
Presentation covers: Collocations, Topic specific vocabulary, and EASY ESSAY SENTENCES TO MEMORIZE.
Also includes how to use the Academic Word List
Some advice on what you should and should do when writing Task 2 of the IELTS writing exam.
For more English tutorials, please visit:
https://www.thelecturette.com
This PPT outlines the different types of essay structures needed to get a high band score in the IELTS Writing Task 2. Check out http://www.ted-ielts.com for more awesome IELTS resources.
How to learn IELTS Vocabulary (Collocations and Topic Specific Vocabulary)Ben Worthington
25 Slides explaining the what to learn and how to learn it.
Presentation covers: Collocations, Topic specific vocabulary, and EASY ESSAY SENTENCES TO MEMORIZE.
Also includes how to use the Academic Word List
Some advice on what you should and should do when writing Task 2 of the IELTS writing exam.
For more English tutorials, please visit:
https://www.thelecturette.com
This PPT outlines the different types of essay structures needed to get a high band score in the IELTS Writing Task 2. Check out http://www.ted-ielts.com for more awesome IELTS resources.
5 Easy Ways to Improve Cohesion in IELTS Writing Task 2 Ben Worthington
Improve your cohesion through using collocations, repetition, and three other techniques (the fifth is really easy).
For an introduction on how to start IELTS Writing Task 2 click here:
www.ieltspodcast.com/ielts-writing-task/ielts-writing-start-ielts-writing-task-2/
Phoenix IELTS Academy- The best IELTS institute in Mohali- Presents to you the IELTS Writing Task 2 Question Types. Watch the video and clear your doubts regarding IELTS Writing Task 2. To know more, you can also read the article on writing pattern at https://goo.gl/qcxnzV
A Complete Guide to the IELTS Writing Test - ACIELTSBackup
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ieltsbackup
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A Complete Guide to the IELTS Writing Test - GTIELTSBackup
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IETLS Writing Task 2 - How to Correctly Analyse Writing Task 2 QuestionsIELTSBackup
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The IELTS Writing Task 1 challenges students to describe a line graph, bar chart, pie chart, table, map, or flow diagram. The line graph is the most common, so it features most prominently in this PPT. Check out http://www.ted-ielts.com for more IELTS writing guides and tips.
How to Start IELTS Writing Task 2. 5 minute tutorial.Ben Worthington
To watch the video with have a look here: http://www.ieltspodcast.com/uncategorized/guide-to-ielts-writing-task-2/
For an introduction on how to start IELTS Writing Task 2 click here:
www.ieltspodcast.com/ielts-writing-task/ielts-writing-start-ielts-writing-task-2/
This presentation presents an overview of the IELTS Academic Reading sub-test. It may be used by both teacher or tutor and students in online preparation or review.
Critical Thinking Fall 2016 Essay AssignmentArgue one of t.docxannettsparrow
Critical Thinking
Fall 2016
Essay Assignment
Argue one of the following:
1. Drug legalization is morally acceptable.
2. Drug legalization is not morally acceptable.
3. Prostitution is morally acceptable.
4. Prostitution is not morally acceptable.
5. Abortion is morally acceptable.
6. Abortion is not morally acceptable.
7. Euthanasia is morally acceptable.
8. Euthanasia is not morally acceptable.
9. Capital punishment is morally acceptable.
10. Capital punishment is not morally acceptable.
11. Corporate social responsibility is a moral obligation.
12. Corporate social responsibility is not a moral obligation.
13. We are obligated to protect animal welfare.
14. We are not obligated to protect animal welfare.
15. Affirmative action is a moral obligation.
16. Affirmative action is not a moral obligation.
In making your argument, you are required to:
A. Include the following:
I. An introduction that includes your thesis statement
a. for example, say I’m writing an essay on the value of reading books and my thesis statement is about the value of reading books over watching movies. My introduction could simply be “In this essay, I argue that it is better to read a book than to watch a movie.”
II. Reason(s) that support your thesis statement (In other words, what are the reasons why should we agree with your thesis statement?)
a. for example: “Reading books gives the reader an advantage of having more detail in exposition that simply watching a movie cannot. For example, a five-second pan of the camera in a movie scene loses all of the important detail—even occasionally the narrator’s inner monologue—that can be expounded on for several pages in a novel. All of this information can make a difference in both one’s understanding and one’s appreciation of the story being told. Movies all too often are incapable of capturing fully that information the way the artfully-crafted written word can.”
NOTE: The above is simply a brief example of what supporting reasons for a thesis might look like. This is not, however, an example of an appropriate or recommended length for this particular section of your essay. You want your essay to be as strong as possible—after all, you are trying to convince us of your position, right? Therefore, you should spend an ample amount of room explaining exactly why it is we should agree with you.
III. A strong objection to your thesis
a. for example: “Some may argue that watching a movie is better than reading a book because movies can present a story in around two hours, while reading a book usually takes much more time.”
IV. A response to that objection
a. For example: “Especially when so many of us have busy lives and are pressed for time, the idea of watching a two-hour movie may seem more appealing than taking the time to read a 450-page book. However, I will argue that the benefits of taking the time to read a book far outweigh any benefit gained from lazily watching a two-hour flick. For example, .
5 Easy Ways to Improve Cohesion in IELTS Writing Task 2 Ben Worthington
Improve your cohesion through using collocations, repetition, and three other techniques (the fifth is really easy).
For an introduction on how to start IELTS Writing Task 2 click here:
www.ieltspodcast.com/ielts-writing-task/ielts-writing-start-ielts-writing-task-2/
Phoenix IELTS Academy- The best IELTS institute in Mohali- Presents to you the IELTS Writing Task 2 Question Types. Watch the video and clear your doubts regarding IELTS Writing Task 2. To know more, you can also read the article on writing pattern at https://goo.gl/qcxnzV
A Complete Guide to the IELTS Writing Test - ACIELTSBackup
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ieltsbackup
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIaUPwguD5zV87cJrbTmXdw
Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ieltsbackup
Send us your feedback & suggestions: info@ieltsbackup.com
For more details: https://www.ieltsbackup.com
A Complete Guide to the IELTS Writing Test - GTIELTSBackup
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ieltsbackup
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIaUPwguD5zV87cJrbTmXdw
Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ieltsbackup
Send us your feedback & suggestions: info@ieltsbackup.com
For more details: https://www.ieltsbackup.com
IETLS Writing Task 2 - How to Correctly Analyse Writing Task 2 QuestionsIELTSBackup
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ieltsbackup
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIaUPwguD5zV87cJrbTmXdw
Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ieltsbackup
Send us your feedback & suggestions: info@ieltsbackup.com
For more details: https://www.ieltsbackup.com
The IELTS Writing Task 1 challenges students to describe a line graph, bar chart, pie chart, table, map, or flow diagram. The line graph is the most common, so it features most prominently in this PPT. Check out http://www.ted-ielts.com for more IELTS writing guides and tips.
How to Start IELTS Writing Task 2. 5 minute tutorial.Ben Worthington
To watch the video with have a look here: http://www.ieltspodcast.com/uncategorized/guide-to-ielts-writing-task-2/
For an introduction on how to start IELTS Writing Task 2 click here:
www.ieltspodcast.com/ielts-writing-task/ielts-writing-start-ielts-writing-task-2/
This presentation presents an overview of the IELTS Academic Reading sub-test. It may be used by both teacher or tutor and students in online preparation or review.
Critical Thinking Fall 2016 Essay AssignmentArgue one of t.docxannettsparrow
Critical Thinking
Fall 2016
Essay Assignment
Argue one of the following:
1. Drug legalization is morally acceptable.
2. Drug legalization is not morally acceptable.
3. Prostitution is morally acceptable.
4. Prostitution is not morally acceptable.
5. Abortion is morally acceptable.
6. Abortion is not morally acceptable.
7. Euthanasia is morally acceptable.
8. Euthanasia is not morally acceptable.
9. Capital punishment is morally acceptable.
10. Capital punishment is not morally acceptable.
11. Corporate social responsibility is a moral obligation.
12. Corporate social responsibility is not a moral obligation.
13. We are obligated to protect animal welfare.
14. We are not obligated to protect animal welfare.
15. Affirmative action is a moral obligation.
16. Affirmative action is not a moral obligation.
In making your argument, you are required to:
A. Include the following:
I. An introduction that includes your thesis statement
a. for example, say I’m writing an essay on the value of reading books and my thesis statement is about the value of reading books over watching movies. My introduction could simply be “In this essay, I argue that it is better to read a book than to watch a movie.”
II. Reason(s) that support your thesis statement (In other words, what are the reasons why should we agree with your thesis statement?)
a. for example: “Reading books gives the reader an advantage of having more detail in exposition that simply watching a movie cannot. For example, a five-second pan of the camera in a movie scene loses all of the important detail—even occasionally the narrator’s inner monologue—that can be expounded on for several pages in a novel. All of this information can make a difference in both one’s understanding and one’s appreciation of the story being told. Movies all too often are incapable of capturing fully that information the way the artfully-crafted written word can.”
NOTE: The above is simply a brief example of what supporting reasons for a thesis might look like. This is not, however, an example of an appropriate or recommended length for this particular section of your essay. You want your essay to be as strong as possible—after all, you are trying to convince us of your position, right? Therefore, you should spend an ample amount of room explaining exactly why it is we should agree with you.
III. A strong objection to your thesis
a. for example: “Some may argue that watching a movie is better than reading a book because movies can present a story in around two hours, while reading a book usually takes much more time.”
IV. A response to that objection
a. For example: “Especially when so many of us have busy lives and are pressed for time, the idea of watching a two-hour movie may seem more appealing than taking the time to read a 450-page book. However, I will argue that the benefits of taking the time to read a book far outweigh any benefit gained from lazily watching a two-hour flick. For example, .
Directions This may be done table format. APA format is requ.docxcuddietheresa
Directions: This may be done table format. APA format is required whichever format you choose. A title page, running head, page numbers and three references are required.
A. Identify the normal values for each of the following labs. Consider normal values across gender, race, and age, and pregnancy status, when applicable.
B. Identify clinical indications for obtaining the following labs.
1. List when indicated for routine screens if applicable (for example,the USPSTF recommends screening for chlamydia in sexually active women age 24 years and younger and in older women who are at increased risk for infection, or TSH screening is indicated for newborns. Indications for screening can also include risk factors. For example, ordering cholesterol levels on a patient with HTN or DM.
2. Besides screening,list 1-3 clinical indications for ordering the lab. For example, clinical indications of WBC include
Fever with associated symptoms, weight loss, bone pain with fever, etc.
C. Identify conditions associated with abnormal LOW levels of each of the following labs (if applicable)
D. Identify conditions associated with abnormal HIGH levels of each of the following labs (if applicable)
One good resources for screening recommendations is:
https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/BrowseRec/Index/browse-recommendations
1. Components on a Comprehensive Metabolic Panel such as (but not limited to) sodium, chloride, potassium, glucose, CO2, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Calcium
2. Renal Function Tests: Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Creatinine, BUN/Cr Ratio, Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
3. Thyroid Function Tests
TSH, Free T4
4. Toxicology
Salicylate toxicity, Acetaminophen, Urine Drug Screen, Blood Alcohol, Carbon Monoxide (CO)
5. For your last category of test. Report screening indications for the chosen test, and some clinical indications for ordering them, normal values/results, and S/Sx associated with high/low or abnormal values when applicable
a. Mammography
On Writing an Ethical Argument Evaluation Paper (PHIL 302)
Topic is Racism between social Classes
Before you begin writing, it is crucial to pick a subject, topic, or a specific argument that interests you. Your paper will be a critical evaluation of the soundness of an argument. If you already have an argument, then you can go on to the next step. If not, you may choose to discuss one from an author you have read, or you may formulate your own. In some courses, you may consider a case study for your paper. In that case you will formulate an argument that purports to defend a resolution to the case. You should note that it is not crucial that you pick an argument with which you agree. It is about equally difficult (or easy) to write a paper opposing an argument as it is to write one supporting it, so you should probably choose an argument that is interesting first.
Your paper will have seven parts:
I. Introduction
II. Position
III. Argument
IV. Justification
A. V ...
Standard Form ArgumentsDiscussion TitleThe central tool of.docxwhitneyleman54422
Standard Form Arguments
Discussion Title
The central tool of logic is the argument. Accordingly, constructing good arguments is the central element of this course. Each writing assignment in this course will give you an opportunity to construct and improve upon an argument that you will develop as the course progresses. This discussion post allows you to begin the process of developing your argument by presenting good reasoning on both sides of an issue.
The requirement for this discussion is a minimum of four posts on four separate days, including at least two substantive responses to peers. The total combined word count for all of your posts for this discussion, counted together, should be at least 400 words. Answer all the questions in the prompt, and read any resources that are required to complete the discussion properly. In order to satisfy the posting requirements for the week, complete your initial post by Day 3 (Thursday) and your other posts by Day 7 (Monday). We recommend that you get into the discussion early and spread out your posts over the course of the week. Reply to your classmates and instructor. Attempt to take the conversation further by responding substantively to the replies that others make to you as well. Keep the discussion on target, and analyze things in as much detail as you can.
Prepare: To prepare for this discussion, make sure to read the assigned chapters of the primary text and to review the required resources, including the videos about arguments (in the “Lectures” link on the left). Before responding to the prompt, make sure as well to participate in the interactive scenario at the top of this page titledThe Raise to gain more appreciation of the importance of constructing good arguments in life.
Reflect: Choose a topic from thePHI103 Final Paper Options list. It should be a topic that you find interesting, but also for which you will be able defend a position with careful logical reasoning. Construct the strongest argument that you can on each side of the issue. Strengthen your arguments by contemplating possible objections to each argument, and revise your arguments in light of the objections. Continue this process until you feel that your arguments for each side are as convincing as you can possibly make them.
Write: Present your two arguments (one on each side of the issue) in standard form (with each premise and conclusion on a separate line) on the topic you selected from thePHI103 Final Paper Options list. The two arguments should defend different positions on the topic. For example, if your topic was the existence of Santa Claus, then you would present one argument for the claim that Santa Claus does exist and another argument that Santa Claus does not exist. The premises of each argument will present reasons for thinking that the conclusion is true.
Here is an example of what an argument in standard form looks like:
Premise 1: If Santa Claus exists, then he lives at the North Pole.
Prem.
ArgumentsA. Arguments are found in many texts and media .docxjewisonantone
Arguments
A.
Arguments are found in many texts and media and it is important to be able to recognize, formulate, and evaluate arguments. Doing well in this class will depend upon whether you can acquire and improve these three skills. We will be concentrating on the arguments found in the philosophy texts we are reading this semester, but this skill is something you should carry with you through the rest of your college career and beyond.
Recognizing an argument is the first step in the process. An argument is where a claim is stated and it is supported by evidence. The claim is the conclusion of the argument and the evidence is known as the premises. In an argument, the conclusion follows from the premises, or, more specifically, the premises connect together in such a way that one can draw an inference from them, i.e., the conclusion.
But recognition of argument is not sufficient. One must also be able to formulate the argument. This involves listing the premises as well as unstated assumptions so one can see more clearly how the conclusion follows from the premises. This task will at first seem tedious and frustrating, but like anything else, the more you practice, the better you will get. Hopefully, you find this exercise beneficial and enlightening.
Here are some sample arguments:
1) All men are mortal.
Socrates is a man.
Socrates is mortal.
2) If there is snow on the ground, it must be cold.
There is snow on the ground.
It must be cold.
3) Animals are either vertebrates or invertebrates.
Walruses, an animal, are not invertebrates.
Walruses are vertebrates.
4) It rained almost every day in April for the last three years.
April is a rainy month.
B.
Not all texts will contain arguments. Some passages will just contain a description, explanation, or dialogue. Here are some examples.
1) Tuesday is the second day of the week.
2) If you do not exercise, you will not be healthy.
3) There are many students who attend state universities. Some explanation for this is that state universities are affordable and offer a variety of disciplines to study.
4) Parent: “You have not cleaned up your room this week.”
Child: “Yes I have.”
Parent: “No, I am afraid your room is still messy.”
Child: “But I have.”
Parent: “No you haven’t, at least not according to me.”
Child: “Well, according to me, I have.”
This last example may seem like an argument because we call it an argument. But this is using the word equivocally, that is using the same word to signify two different things. Example 4 is a disagreement, which does not always constitute an argument. There are no premises to support any claims being made in this example. Further, one should recognize that Example 2 is only a conditional claim and not an argument. A conditional claim is composed of an antecedent and a consequence. One must also affirm the antec.
Notes for Claim Writing Success1. Comments on Titles Sample #.docxcherishwinsland
Notes for Claim Writing Success
1. Comments on Titles:
Sample #1: chose strong language to show writer’s claim; first part grabs attention, second part gets focused
Sample #2: Please Help! Grabs the reader on an emotional level—got attention—the beginning part wasn’t as strong!!
Too fake! Not specific enough—(turned attention away) too blunt! Gives away too much!—
Sample #3: attention grabbing—polarizing language, strong words—can see both sides—
Critique: include “Formation” or not? Too much? Too litte?
Is it too exaggerated? Overly done? Not serious enough?
2. What goes in the first paragraph?
b. what worked?
Introduces the issue
Using some data? Used a quote? Create a sense of urgency or importance=gives justification, gives context
How is this different than Sec 3 (background)?
In claim—give a quick glimpse of the issue—
Sample 3—clear description of problem-
Quote? Expert echoes your statement so it doesn’t sound like you are making it up
Why not use it? Summarize
Sample 1 quote –early? Suspicious
In Sec 3 dig into the details more
c. what didn’t?
what didn’t work
MLA incorrect
Sample #2—too general---too broad!
3. What goes in the second paragraph?
MAP:
All major points of the paper (introduce or touch on every required section)
--Section 2—Suvin and short story
Map out the required sections of this paper (all your big moves!)
--solution (section 6)
Taking a stand –say what you argue and why it matters! Last two sentence of paragraph 2
Use first person? To use or not to use?
Feel more comfortable –easy to use commanding words
Sounding confident
Assert yourself into your argument—easier to sound confident
Map—chronological—follow the order of the paper!!
b. what worked?
c. what didn’t?
this is not project proposal writing
Is it specific? Controversial?
Map? What does that mean??
Stakes?
Final Research PAper
Final Research Paper: What’s the New Cognition? Estrangement in Octavia’s Brood
For your final paper, please select a novum you find cognitively estranging in one short story. Using outside research, write a 6-8 page, double spaced, 1 inch margins, 12pt font, Times New Roman research paper that investigates the new cognition the estrangement leads you to explore. The page requirement does NOT include the Works Cited.
Final version due to Canvas 3/20 before 11:59 pm.
Your bibliography should have at least 10 sources to support your argument and to detail what the new cognition is for you on this particular issue. Darko Suvin’s “Estrangement and Cognition” and the short story of your choice count as two of the ten sources.
At least three of your sources must be from academic, peer-reviewed journals. The other five (min.) can be from popular sources.
You need one quote in every paragraph, Sections 3-6.
Organization, Section I
2 paragraphs that outline the claim, complete with stakes. Recall, strong claims are specific, take a stand on something controversial, and they matter. Your claim should provide a ma.
Easiest Way to Write a Thesis StatementCustomWriting
This useful and detailed guide will help you create great thesis statements easily and without any trouble at all!
Great tips created by our academic professionals with over 6 years of experience.
Looking for more academic help?
Check out our website: www.custom-writing.org
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
1. IELTS WRITING
- Dr.Hasib
IELTS WRITING TASK -2
In Writing Task 2 you receive a topic and you have to write an essay of 250 words.
This task has more weight than Writing 1. It also takes longer – 40 minutes, when
Writing 1 takes only 20 minutes.
The topic of essay can be one of 3 possible types:
i. Argument topic: appears in exam in 75% cases
ii. Persuasion topic: appears in exam in 20% cases
iii. Narrative: appears in exam in 5% cases
Any essay you write on any topic must have structure – you receive (or lose ) points for
it. Structure means at least 4 paragraphs. First paragraph is introductory, the next two or
three is the actual essay – its body, and the last one for conclusion.
The first thing to do is to understand what kind of topic is before you.
Next:
For argument – you need to explain both sides and agree with one of them
For persuasion – you need to present another point of view and say which one you
agree with and why
For narrative/discuss a problem – you need to explain it, discuss and offer solution and
discuss it too.
No matter what type of essay you are writing, you must provide some facts, evidence and
information. When you explain the problem – evaluate it; say when/where/who for it is
especially difficult. If you present an idea of solution – discuss it; say what its good and
bad sides are. Add examples from your own experience to support what you’re saying.
1
2. Difference between an Argument and Persuasion topic:
Argument topic Persuasion topic
1.Question pattern: 1.Question pattern:
Most Argument topic will end with this Most Argument topic will end with this
line: Discuss both sides & what is line: To what extent do you agree or
your opinion?” disagree with this statement?”
Or
For instance: “Some people say that Is it a positive or negative development?
self employment is better than a job
in company or an institution. For instance: Societies ought to enforce
Discuss both sides & what is your capital punishment or Are there
opinion?” alternative forms of punishment that
would be better used. To what extent do
you agree or disagree with this
statement?”
2. Answering Argument topic: 2. Answering Argument topic:
Should be answered in 4 paragraphs: Should be answered in 4 paragraphs:
a) Introduction--- 1st para a) Introduction--- 1st para
b) Body---- 2nd & 3rd para b) Body---- 2nd & 3rd para
c) Conclusion---- 4th para c) Conclusion---- 4th para
A) Writing Introduction: A) Writing Introduction:
Never mention your opinion (the You must mention your opinion (the
argument/issue you are supporting) argument/issue you are supporting)
in the introduction/1st paragraph. in the introduction/1st paragraph.
B) Writing body: B) Writing body:
2nd paragraph must contain the 2nd paragraph must contain the
argument you are not supporting argument you are supporting
3rd paragraph must contain the 3rd paragraph must contain the
argument you are supporting argument you are not supporting
Start 2nd paragraph with the Start 2nd paragraph with the
sentence: On the one hand… sentence: To begin with/it is a fact
that……
Start 3rd paragraph with the
sentence: On the other hand… Start 3rd paragraph with the
sentence: However, there are
arguments against…..
2
3. C) Writing Conclusion: C) Writing Conclusion:
Rules of Writing conclusion of Almost the same
Argument topic:
1. Summarize what was said before, do
not add new information.
2. Argument topic wants your opinion, &
conclusion is the part of your essay
where you MUST mention the side you
are taking. You must mention why you
are taking this side & also mention why
you aren't taking opposing side. While
doing this you should simply review
the main points (being careful not to
restate them exactly or repeat all your
examples) and briefly describe your
feelings about the topic. All the
conclusion needs is three or four strong
sentences, which do not need to follow
any set formula.
3
4. Argument topic:
IELTS Essay plan:
Essay topic: Some people think that if women were to rule the
world, there would be less violence in it. Do you agree or
disagree with this statement?
Introduction paragraph
In the introduction you can first state that there are people who think that women have a
less violent nature than men and for this reason suggest that women would make the
world a less violent place if they were in power. Then you could mention that putting the
women in charge won't necessarily have that effect, because there are arguments for and
against.
First body paragraph
3 points against women in power
• Ruling the world takes some cruelty that women might not have
• Having more submissive nature than men, women can create even more violence
• Women are not decisive enough to enforce order and thus reduce violence
Second body paragraph
3 points in favor of women in power
• Women have less violent nature
• Women have less tolerance for violence
• Women are very concerned with making the world a safer place for the sake of the kids
Conclusion
State your personal opinion (let's assume that you're in favor of women in power), then
summarize what was said in the second paragraph.
SAMPLES OF ARGUMENT TOPICS:
SAMPLE 1:
Some countries require that school children are taught one foreign language, while
other countries do not require any foreign languages to be taught. Discuss the
advantages of both approaches and give your
opinion……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………
4
5. Today, language is the most important tool for communication and relation between
people all around the word. Different countries have different languages and there are
more the 95 languages in the world. In some countries, school children do learn a foreign
language during their educational years. The advocates of this view argue that teaching
one foreign language is valuable for school going children. Others, however,
disagree believe that teaching foreign language at primary/secondary school
could have negative impact on school going children. So it is a matter of debate.
On the one hand, people in favor of not to teach any foreign language at children
schools argue that, students are overloaded with learning more than one language and
they will have problem for learning main subjects. In addition, the official languages of
their country get threatened by learning foreign language. For instance, now-a-days we
observe that our original language is getting mixed with foreign slangs and it is
considered as a big impediment to our literature.
On the other hand, some people argue that school children should be taught one
foreign language is better. Firstly, people generally believe that existence of an
international language in the world plays an essential role in research, relation and
communication. For example, when one searches a subject on the net, she or he must be
good at English, because most of the websites are in English. Secondly and more
importantly, for students who are going to study abroad, it is necessary to know other
language especially English. For example most of the universities require IELTS
certificate for enrollment. According to the survey of Iran Ministry of Education and
Training, 75% of successful students are bilingual. In addition, a student who knows an
international language is very comfortable in understanding when he or she participates at
an international seminar or conference. Lastly, in the overseas trips, knowing a foreign
language is necessary. For instance, one in the foreign country needs to communicate
with other people for accommodation, dining, and buying goods etc..
In conclusion, it is debatable whether learning one foreign language at school
is required or not, as both critics advocates seem to have plenty of arguments in
support of their views. In my opinion, teaching one foreign language at schools is
worthy. In spite of the fact that teaching just one language in school can preserve the
traditional culture and original language; considering the fact of international
communication, further education in other countries and overseas travels, I prefer learning
an additional foreign language at school.
N.B: Try to memorize those bold lines and use in every argument topics
5
6. SAMPLES OF PERSUASION TOPICS:
SAMPLE 2:
Societies ought to enforce capital punishment or Are there alternative forms of
punishment that would be better used. To what extent do you agree or disagree with
this statement?”
Capital punishment is the killing of a criminal for a crime that he has committed.
Previously most countries employed this method of punishment but nowadays it is much
less widely used. People in favor of capital punishment argue that it is mandatory
for societies to stop crime, others, however disagree support alternative
punishments. I personally do believe that societies today should use capital
punishment.
To begin with, it seems to me if a criminal is killed for his or her crime, then
Society will feel better about it’s security. In spite of the fact that killing a dangerous
killer regrets the people, they assure they will not see such as this offence in future. The
last survey that has done by UCN in 2005 illustrates that families felt more social security
if an offender is killed regarding social principle rules. Secondly and more importantly,
when capital punishment is used for one, other criminals get threaten and they will not do
similar offence/crime. People generally believe that a criminal will never do the same
crime for which one was given death penalty. Last but not least, by using the rule of the
capital punishment for the crimes in the society so far will be reduced. For instance,
according to the statistics from Justice Ministry of Iran, because of executing one person
in 2007, 5% of crimes were reduced significantly. Consequently, we can see less crime
compared to the other times.
There are arguments against capital punishment. Many people feel it is Inhumane
- we shouldn't sink to the level of criminals. People can be wrongly convicted and
executed. If a man is in prison, he can be released if later proved not guilty. If he is dead,
there is nothing that can be done. There are alternative punishments available. For bad
crimes prison life sentences can be given with criminals imprisoned for the rest of their
lives. I can understand this point of view but I cannot agree with it.
All in all, from what has been discussed above, I firmly hold that societies ought
to enforce capital punishment for crimes such as killing a great number of people but for
particular case, using psychological hospitals, prisons and financial booking are the better
ways.
N.B: Try to memorize those bold lines and use in every persuasion topics
6
7. Some people say that the Internet is making the world smaller by bringing people
together. To what extent do you agree that the internet is making it easier for people
to communicate with one another?
Nowadays internet is becoming very popular mean of communication. Right from school
children to old people, anybody can use internet as it is easy and efficient. Today,
nobody needs to write letter and post it, as internet has many options for instant
communication.
On one hand, there are number of advantages of internet communication. Firstly,
Internet has number of websites providing electronic mail (email)
facility. Email reaches to the recipient at the same time you send it. So it is way faster
than traditional postal mail or currier. Secondly, these websites also offer online chatting
facility wherein one can get instant response from person at the other end. Thirdly, one
can use webcam and have face to face interaction irrespective of where the other
person is around the globe.
On the other hand, there are number of disadvantages of internet communication.
Young generation today, is addicted to the use of internet. It is observed
that youngsters are wasting their time in chatting with their friends abroad. Hence they
have no time to talk to their parents or siblings. This has not only hindered the family
communication but also affected the mental health and studies of youngsters. Today,
because of social networking sites on internet youngsters are sharing their personal
information with strangers which I think may result in fatal fraud. In addition, all of us are
aware of the negative impact of porn sites on young generation.
In conclusion, internet is better option of communication, but it should be
used in proper way. Internet communication is definitely the best option. But it is up to
the users how to use it efficiently.
Appropriate style tone for both writing task 1,2
The following are the basic features of formal style:
• All verbs forms must be written in full: do not write contractions such as can’t, don’t,
etc.
• Do not use abbreviations such as info for information or ads for advertisements.
• Avoid using the active voice and the first person singular; in a formal letter you should
write: ‘A copy of the receipt will be forwarded to you as soon as possible’ instead of ‘I
will send you a copy of the receipt asap.’
• Avoid using informal intensifiers such as really, so, absolutely; use extremely, highly,
entirely, fully instead.
• Avoid using phrasal verbs which tend to be used in informal writing and conversation;
for example, use seek a job instead of look for a job; most phrasal verbs are idiomatic in
nature, that is, their meaning cannot usually be inferred from their individual parts.
• Avoid using informal discourse markers and link words such as besides or by the way
and use incidentally instead.
7
8. • Do not use set phrases and idioms, for example, ‘I am not going to pay you a penny’
instead of ‘Your fee will not be paid.’
• Avoid ellipsis (leaving out words), for example, leaving out the subject I in ‘Hope to
hear from you soon.’
A more academic style will contain all of the features for formal style listed above. In
addition, you should do the following:
• Employ more tentative rather than assertive language by:
• using possibly and probably in front of verbs and noun phrases: ‘This is possibly caused
by...’ or ‘This is probably the most important factor.’
• using the modal verbs may and might ‘This may be the most important factor.’
• using appears to and seems to: ‘This appears to be the most important factor.’
• avoiding always and every, and replacing them with often and many much.
• Use formal vocabulary, for example, discuss rather than talk about.
• Use more formal grammar, for example by:
• Using There as a subject: ‘There is a serious risk of...’
• using It as a subject: ‘It is very difficult to...’
• Use an impersonal style by avoiding the use of personal pronouns, for example by:
• Using one as a subject: ‘One may ask whether...’ (One is a formal version of You)
• Using the passive voice: ‘Many things can be done to...’ to avoid using land we
• Avoid using rhetorical questions: ‘Smoking is dangerous. But is banning it such a good
idea after all?’
• Avoid the overuse or misuse of certain logical connectors, especially besides,
furthermore and moreover. Besides is informal, and both furthermore and moreover mean
that the following information is more important than the information before. Use In
addition or also instead.
DOs and DON'Ts:
Make sure that you read all of the information in the questions very carefully
and respond appropriately.
Make sure that you follow all instructions including the number of words
that you need to write.
Make sure that you stop Writing Task 1 after 20 minutes to allow enough
time to answer Writing Task 2.
Remember that Writing Task 2 carries more marks, so you need plenty of
time to answer it.
Make sure that, for Task 1, you use figures or data from the question paper
accurately.
Make sure that you plan your ideas before you begin to write. For Writing
Task1, stop to locate and select the most important pieces of information. For
Writing Task 2, take time to organise your ideas and argument.
Be sure to provide supporting evidence for any of your claims or views in
Writing Task 2.
8
9. Leave time to check your answer for careless mistakes at the end. Try to
check for spelling mistakes, verb and subject agreement, singular/plural
nouns, tense mistakes and problems of fluency.
Make sure that all of your ideas are relevant to the question.
Try to avoid repeating the same words, phrases and ideas too often. Try to
use a range of vocabulary.
Try to make sure that you do not repeat the same idea too often, make sure
you explore different ideas to provide a well-balanced response.
Make sure you write as clearly as possible.
Make sure that you produce organized and linked paragraphs and that the
style of your language is academic.
Don't copy from other people’s work.
Don't write less than the required number of words.
Don't repeat task instructions in your writing.
Don’t use note form or bullet points.
Don’t leave out any required information.
Don’t waste your time learning essays by heart to use in the exam. You will
be penalized for this and you will waste valuable time that could be spent
developing good writing skills.
Don’t simply copy words and phrases from the question paper; try to use
your own words at all times by paraphrasing the question.
IELTS Writing: telling the difference between formal and informal
Many of you have asked me about the difference between formal and informal writing in
IELTS and this tells me that it’s a common problem. So here is what you need to know
about the styles of writing in IELTS.
If you are preparing for the Academic IELTS module, both Task 1 and Task 2 in the
Writing test are formal. For General Training candidates, Task 2 in Writing is always
formal, and Task 1 can be formal or informal.
As you know, Task 1 for GT module is a letter, and if the topic asks you to write to
someone you know, that is an informal letter – as opposed to writing to someone you
don’t know; which is formal.
The difference between formal and informal styles is mainly in the vocabulary. Informal
words are the ones used in everyday conversations and formal are used in books,
contracts, business letters and essays. If the task requires formal writing – avoid using
informal vocabulary. If the task requires informal writing, such as a letter to a friend,
avoid using formal ‘heavy’ words.
9
10. Apart from the vocabulary in formal writing it is best to avoid words like “I”, “you”,
“we”, unless you are expressing an opinion. For example in an essay instead of writing
“You would find it difficult to get a job without proper qualifications”, write something
like “One would find it difficult to find a job without proper qualifications”, or you could
write “Finding a job without proper qualifications would be rather difficult”.
For those of you who don’t live in an English speaking country and don’t speak English
on daily basis it will be difficult to tell the difference between formal and informal
vocabulary, which is why I compiled this short list of words. You could memorize it and
use in your writing while practicing – this way the chances you will use the correct word
in the exam increase.
Formal Informal
Inform me Let me know
Cancel Drop
Contact Get in touch
Obtain Get
Apologise Say sorry
Postpone Delay
Request Ask for
Compensate Make up
Establish Set up
Discover Find out
Handle Deal with
Investigate Check up on
Tolerate Put up
Increase Go up
Children Kids
Many / Much A lot of
Many / Much Heaps of
10
11. IELTS writing: using transitional phrases
Transitions
Transitional words and phrases are what gives your essays coherence, we need them to
join sentences and thoughts together. Look at the lists below. These are transitional
phrases that you can memorize and keep in your arsenal for the IELTS writing module.
AGREEMENT: also, plus, in addition, further, furthermore, moreover, additionally, to
add to that, next, in accordance with, accordingly, in agreement, finally, for instance, for
example, in exemplification, exemplifying that, in fact, factually speaking, in terms of,
and so forth, looking at the nexus between, in coordination with, along those lines,
collectively speaking, generally speaking, indeed, undoubtedly, obviously, to be sure.
CONTRAST: however, contrastingly, in contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand, To
put it into perspective, from a different angle, nonetheless, nevertheless, but, yet, a catch
to this is, sadly enough, as a hindrance, looking at the holdups, oddly enough, instead, in
direct opposition, still, and rather.
RESULT: as a result, as a consequence, consequently, thus, therefore, hence, thereby,
resulting in, ultimately, in the end, finally, in the overall analysis, in hindsight, in
retrospect, retrospectively, vicariously, the long term effect, as a short term result,
significantly, as a major effect, effectively, heretofore, hereafter, thereafter, in short,
generally, over all, concluding
4 ways to get in trouble with your IELTS Writing tasks
If you have an IELTS exam this weekend, this post can literally save your score. Many
people get
in trouble with their IELTS Writing for no reason, just because they don’t realize some things
are
not acceptable in IELTS letters, essays or reports. Here is a number of ways you can get in
trouble
with your IELTS writing tasks:
1. Using informal English in the IELTS Writing tasks.
Informal English is OK for your Speaking test – it is not OK for your Writing test. Even
though not
every informal word gets penalized, the more formal your style is, the better your score will
be. To
demonstrate the difference, informal expression “loads of / tons of” should be replaced with
“many”
or “much”; “fed up with” should be replaced with “lost his patience”, etc.
11
12. 2. Using contractions.
Contractions are “it’s” instead of “it is”, “I’ve” instead of “I have”, “we’re” instead of “we
are”
(these are only a few examples). Contractions are a bad, bad thing to use in your essay, they
don’t
save you much time and can cost you marks. Do me a favor and forget about contractions in
your
IELTS writing. Write “should not” instead of “shouldn’t”, “could not” instead of “couldn’t”,
“would not” instead of “wouldn’t”. You get the idea.
3. Using slang.
You can use slang any time talking to your friends, but this is the only place where it belongs,
in a
conversation between friends. Keep it out of your IELTS essays, letters or reports. You can’t
write
“dunno” instead of “don’t know”, “wanna” instead of “want to” or “gonna” instead of “going
to”.
4. SMS-like spelling.
We all are typing SMS messages, chatting on Skype and the like, and there is a bunch of
shorter
ways to write longer words. We type “u” instead of “you”, “c” instead of “see”, “IMHO”
instead of
“in my humble opinion”. None of these can appear in your IELTS work, unless you are
specifically
trying to mess up and get a lower score than you deserve. You need to write the full word and
spell
it correctly, period.
I hope this post has caught you in time to prevent any of the above mistakes. Good luck with
your
exam!
IELTS Writing task# 1:
Rules of letter writing:
1 The Opening Greeting of the Letter
Your letter will probably need to be a reasonably informal letter to a friend or a semi-
formal letter. The opening of your letter should reflect which one you are writing.
A friendly letter will open with Dear followed by a name which should then be followed
by a comma, eg:
12
13. Dear John,
A semi-formal letter will also open with Dear and then be followed by a name, (if you
decide that in the situation you would know the name) or by Sir (if it's a man), Madam (if
it's a woman) or Sir/Madam if you don't know, eg:
Dear Mr. Phillips,
Dear Mrs. Phillips,
Dear Sir,
Dear Madam,
Dear Sir/Madam,
The question also might specify how you are to begin so follow what it says.
2 The Opening Paragraph of the Letter
In a semi-formal letter, I feel it is important to state the reason for the letter straight away.
You could use the following to help you:
I am writing to ask/ tell//inform you that...
I am writing to ask/inquire...
I am writing with regard to...
I am writing with reference to...
I am writing in connection with...
I am writing in response to...
In reply to your letter, I am writing to... (if the question indicates that you
have had a letter)
If the letter is a less formal one to a friend then you should open the letter in a friendlier
way. EG:
Dear John,
Hi there! It's been so long since I've heard from you. I hope you are doing well and I hope
all you family are doing fine. I'm pretty good in spite of working hard. Anyway, the
reason I'm writing is...
3 The Substance of the Letter
I've already gone into detail about answering the question fully and using your
imagination to produce a realistic letter fulfilling all functions so I won't repeat that.
Through great experience with IELTS, I can say that questions tend to ask you to do
certain things. Here I will give you some ideas about some language to use in the
substance of the letter which will help you to answer the task well.
Asking for Help
I would like you to...
I would be grateful if you could...
13
14. I need to ask your advice about...
I'd like to ask for information about...
What I'm looking for is...
Complaining
I'm writing to express my dissatisfaction/annoyance/ about...
I'm writing to express my anger at...
I am not happy about...
... is not what I expected/was expecting.
I want to know what you are going to do about this situation.
NB When complaining, don't get too angry. I've had students who really became too
heated in their complaints. In a polite semi-formal letter, this should not happen. Also, do
not over-exaggerate. If it's a reasonably small and understandable problem, do say that
you're not satisfied but show that you understand and stay calm in your expressions.
Thanking
I'm very grateful for...
I'd like to thank you very much for...
I very much appreciated...
Apologizing
I'm very sorry that/about...
Please forgive me for...
I'd like to apologize about...
Please accept my apologies
4 Ending your Letter
First of all, in English we often end letters before the sign off with certain phrases. These
can be included in most letters and will make your letter seem realistic and polished. For
a formal letter, you could use:
If you require any further information, please do not hesitate to contact me. Thanking you
in advance for your help, I look forward to hearing from you soon.
For a more informal letter you could use:
If you need to know anything else, just get in touch with me as soon as you can. Thanks a
lot for your help and I hope to hear from you soon.
Be careful though! IELTS examiners quite rightly look for writing that has been
memorised and just repeated so, if you use expressions like the ones above, make sure
that they fit in with the rest of your letter.
Finally you'll need to sign off your letter. For a formal letter use:
Yours faithfully, OR
Yours sincerely,
14
15. Remember the commas (it makes a good impression on the examiner if you use good
punctuation) and spell sincerely correctly (a lot of people don't!).
For an informal letter, love is not always appropriate though English speakers use it a lot.
Better would be to use:
Regards,
Yours,
Best wishes,
Other Hints for the IELTS General Training Task 1 Writing
DON'T copy any part of the question in your answer. This is not your own work and
therefore will be disregarded by the examiner and deducted from the word count. You
can use individual words but be careful of using chunks of the question text.
Don't repeat yourself or the same ideas. This gives a bad impression and the examiner
realises that it isn't adding to the content of your letter.
If you are weak at English grammar, try to use short sentences. This allows you to control
the grammar and the meaning of your writing much more easily and contributes to a
better cohesion and coherence mark. It's much easier to make things clear in a foreign
language if you keep your sentences short!
Think about the tenses of your verbs. If you're writing about something that happened in
the past, your verbs will need to be in the past tenses. If you're arranging something in the
future, you will need to use the future tenses. If it's a habitual action, you'll need the
present simple tense and so on. If you have time, a quick check of your verbs at the end
of the exam can help you find errors.
As I just said, if you have finished the exam with time to spare, DON'T just sit there!!
Check what you have done. If you have time after the check, check again. And so on....
Don't be irrelevant. Although you can use your imagination to expand on your answer, if
any part of your letter is totally unrelated to the question and put in to just put up the
word count, then the examiner will not take it into account and deduct it from the word
count.
If you want to improve, there's no secret. Practice. Practice. Practice. You won't get better
sitting and doing nothing. Even good English users need practice for the IELTS exam. It
could make all the difference between your getting the band that you need, and getting
half a band less than you need and having to wait 3 months to do the exam again.
Finally, there are no correct answers or methods. Here I've given you some ideas to guide
you and hopefully to help you but the questions can be answered well in different ways.
Good luck!
15
16. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
IELTS Vocabulary: Writing a letter
s1~B. D ear Sir / M adam.~ s2~ A. T hank you for your letter.~s 3~C. I would li ke to c ompl ain about the ser vic e I rec ei ved at your hotel rec entl y.~s 4~C. As you r equested, I encl ose my c urricul um vitae.~s 5~A. I woul d be grateful if you would s end me mor e infor mation.~s 6~C. l look forward to hearing fr om you s oon.~s 7~A. T hank you for your attention i n this matter.~s 8~C. r efer to your or der of 12 J anuar y.~s 9~B. If you would li ke any more infor mation, pl eas e do not hesitate to contact me.~s10~B. Yours si nc erel y.~s 11~A. Yours faithfull y.
s1~B. D ear Sir / M adam~s 2~A. T hank you for your letter .~s3~C. I would li ke to complai n about the s er vic e I rec ei ved at your hotel rec entl y.~s 4~C. As you req uested, I enclos e my c urriculum vitae.~s5~ A. I woul d be grateful if you woul d s end me more infor mation.~s 6~C. l l ook forwar d to heari ng from you s oon.~s7~ A. T hank you for your attenti on i n this matter.~ s8~C. refer to your order of 12 Januar y.~s9~ B. If you woul d li ke any mor e infor mation, pl ease do not hesitate to c ontac t me.~s 10~ B. Yours sinc erel y.~s11~A. Yours faithfull y.
s12~ a. Fals e. For mal letters s hould be as brief and to the point as possi ble~s 13~a. F alse.~s14~a. F alse.~s15~a. F alse. It is not necessar y to include your name~s 16~ a. Tr ue (In s ome countries , writing abbr eviated dates c oul d be c onfusi ng. In Britain, 1/4/00 is the 1 April. In the USA i t is the 4 J anuar y).~s 17~ a. Tr ue.~s18~ a. F als e. ( A letter whic h is not br oken i nto par agraphs can be diffic ult and confusing to read. You s houl d have at least thr ee par agraphs: Paragraph 1: explai ning why you are writi ng. Par agraph 2+: details. Fi nal paragraph: acti on to be taken - e.g., 'I look for ward to hearing fr om you soon')
s12~ a. .......................................................................~s 13~ a. .......................................................................~s14~ a. .......................................................................~s15~a. .......................................................................~ s16~a. .......................................................................~s 17~a. .......................................................................~s18~ a. .......................................................................
A. Below, you will see eleven common situations that people encounter when they are writing a
formal letter. Choose the sentence or phrase (A, B or C) that would be most appropriate in each
situation.
1. You are writing a letter to the headteacher of a school or college, but you don't know their
name. How do you begin your letter?
A. Dear headteacher.
B. Dear Sir / Madam.
C. Dear Sir.
2. You have received a letter from the manager of a company which buys computer components
from your company, and you are now replying. What do you say?
A. Thank you for your letter.
B. Thanks a lot for your letter.
C. It was great to hear from you.
3. You recently stayed in a hotel and were very unhappy with the service you received. You are
now writing to the manager. What do you say?
A. I had a horrible time at your hotel recently.
B. I would like to say that I am unhappy about your hotel.
C. I would like to complain about the service I received at your hotel recently.
4. You have sent a letter of application to a college, together with your curriculum vitae which the
college requested. What do you say in the letter to explain that your curriculum vitae is attached?
A. You asked for my curriculum vitae, so here it is.
B. As you can see, I've enclosed my curriculum vitae.
C. As you requested, I enclose my curriculum vitae.
5. You have applied for a job, but you would like the company to send you more information.
What do you say?
A. I would be grateful if you would send me more information.
B. I want you to send me more information.
C. Send me some more information, if you don't mind.
6. In a letter you have written to a company, you tell them that you expect them to reply. What do
you say?
A. Write back to me soon, please.
B. Please drop me a line soon.
C. l look forward to hearing from you soon.
7. In a letter you have written, you want the recipient to do something and are thanking them in
advance of their action. What do you say?
A. Thank you for your attention in this matter.
B. Thanks for doing something about it.
C. I am gratified that you will take appropriate action.
8. The company you work for has received an order from another company and you are writing to
16
17. them to acknowledge the order and let them know when you can deliver. What do you say?
A. About the order you sent on 12 January for...
B. I would like to remind you of the order you sent on 12 January for...
C. refer to your order of 12 January.
9. In a letter, you explain that the recipient can contact you if they want more information. What
do you say?
A. Give me a call if you want some more information.
B. If you would like any more information, please do not hesitate to contact me.
C. If you would like any more information, why not get in touch?
10. You began a letter with the recipient's name (e.g., Dear Mr. Perrin). How do you end the
letter?
A. Yours faithfully.
B. Yours sincerely.
C. Best wishes.
11. You did not begin the letter with the recipient's name (see number 1 above). How do you end
the letter?
A. Yours faithfully.
B. Yours sincerely.
C. Best wishes.
B. Look at these sentences and decide if they are true or false.
1. Formal letters are always longer than informal letters.
a. False. Formal letters should be as brief and to the point as possible
2. In a formal letter it is acceptable to use colloquial English, slang and idioms.
a. False.
3. In a formal letter it is acceptable to use contractions (e.g., I've instead of I have).
a. False.
4. In a formal letter you should include your name and address at the top of the page.
a. False. It is not necessary to include your name
5. In a formal letter, you should always write the date in full (e.g., 1 April 2000 and not 1/4/00).
a. True (In some countries, writing abbreviated dates could be confusing. In Britain, 1/4/00 is the
1 April. In the USA it is the 4 January).
6. In a formal letter, you should always put your full name (e.g., James Harcourt and not J.
Harcourt) after your signature at the bottom of the letter..
a. True.
7. Formal letters do not need to be broken into paragraphs. It is acceptable to write them as one
continuous paragraph.
a. False. (A letter which is not broken into paragraphs can be difficult and confusing to read. You
should have at least three paragraphs: Paragraph 1: explaining why you are writing. Paragraph
2+: details. Final paragraph: action to be taken - e.g., 'I look forward to hearing from you soon')
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18. SAMPLE OF WRITING TASK 1:
1. Writing task 1 (a letter): Complaint letter:
Write a letter to a restaurant manager complaining about the food and the service during your
recent visit,
When you dined in with your family on a special occasion. In your letter:
- Describe the problems that you had,
- Say what were the consequences of these problems,
- Specify an action you would like the manager to take
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am one of your customers bearing the customer number: 546. I am writing this
letter to complain about the food and the service during my anniversary that was held in
your restaurant on November, 16th.
As you know, last week, I reserved the restaurant for my 8th anniversary and I
invited about 50 persons. Unfortunately, not only the quality of the food was poor but
also the service of the staff was unsatisfactory. The numbers of waiter and waitress were
not sufficient for serving food and we had to wait a long time to get the service. In
addition, some dishes (food) were stale 3 persons of my relatives got sick from that
stale unhygienic food, immediately after returning home. These circumstances
had caused enough troubles for me.
Bearing the above circumstances in mind, I would be grateful if you refund
50% of my payment. In addition, I would like to opine that being a restaurant
manager; you should be more cautious about the service and quality of food your
restaurant is providing to customers.
I am looking forward to receiving appropriate response from you.
Faithfully yours,
………………….
=============================================
2. Writing Task 1 (a letter): personal letter+ ask for apology
You were looking after your friend’s house while he was out of the country. Accidentally, you
broke
something in the house. Write a letter to your friend. In your letter
- Apolozise describe what happened ,
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19. - describe the damage,
- explain how you are planning to compensate your friend.
Dear Roger,
I hope you have a safe journey and all things are going well for you. I am writing
this letter to express my apology for the incident that occurred by me accidentally.
The last day before your coming back, when was working with your computer, I
installed the Office 2003 in your PC. After installation the program, when I was
ejecting DVD from the DVD-ROM, I accidentally broke the DVD that contained a
software collection. I know you use that frequently for your job. So, I have bought a new
software collection same as yours.
I would be grateful if you could give me your address so that I can send the
DVD to you via any express courier services. Otherwise, you can buy a new DVD
and inform me the price. I am able to send you the cost of DVD either by credit card
or by cheque.
Once again please accept my apology for the inconvenience. I would be
grateful if you kindly consider my proposal for compensation. Looking forward to
hearing from you soon.
Best wishes,
………………….
=====================================
3. Writing Task 1 (a letter): job application letter:
You read a job advertisement for the Children’s Care association. They need volunteers (to work
without
pay). Write a letter to the organization and say
- Why you think you fit that job,
- What interests you in this job,
- How soon you are available to join
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am a manager of the P.S.P Nursery Center. I am writing this letter to inform you
that I am apt for the position “Child care coordinator” that you advertised on your
website.
As a nursery manager, I have more than 10 years experience in working with
children. Not only I have got four international certificates related to Children’s Care, but
also I am qualified as a supervisor in tree Children Health Institution. Since I am
financially solvent, I do not need any salary for my service. In addition, I had a
fascination to work with a charity organization.
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20. I would be grateful if you could set up an appointment for an interview. By the
way, I am ready to attend my job in the first week of December. For your convenience,
I would like to add my contact address:
Name: Mr. X****
Address: Dhaka, Bangladesh…
Contact number: +880169183136
Please find attached my detailed resume, educational certificates, employer
reference letters etc.
Once again, please kindly consider my application. I am looking forward to
receiving your response.
Faithfully yours,
……………..
****
You can write Mr. X as your name. Your real/fake address, contact number can be used
when you ought to include your contact address/information in the body of a letter.
Other task 1 Examples where contact address should be mentioned:
If a letter wants you to write about your lost suitcase/something to a hotel manager ……
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Source:
IELTS CUBE (the way to study),
Kaplan IELTS,
Barrons
Website: IELTS blog
Regards:
Dr.Hasib
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