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IDEA World Youth Fitness
- 1. P R E S E N T E D B Y ©2015IDEAHealth&FitnessAssociation.AllRightsReserved. www.ideafit.com/world #ideaworld Reshaping Youth Fitness Brett Klika Craig Valency, MA
- 2. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld To empower this and future generations of youth to become happy, healthy, active adults.
- 3. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld After Today, You’ll Be Able To… 1. Create life-long movers 2. Build physical literacy using the SPIDERF.A.S.T. physical development system 3. Increase kids’ participation and enthusiasm for exercise 4. Asses, program, and play with purpose
- 4. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Explore, Play, Refine!
- 5. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld
- 6. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld SPIDER F.A.S.T. Foundational Stage FMA Physical literacy building block 1: •Foundational Motor Abilities (FMA) - Base level strength and power - Perceptual motor skills - Postural stability and mobility
- 7. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Perceptual Motor Skills Perceptual motor skills demonstrate an ability to interpret sensory inputs and create the appropriate motor output.
- 8. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Perceptual-Motor Skills The Roots of Coordination 1. Rudimentary body awareness 2. Directional awareness 3. Spatial awareness 4. Temporal awareness 5. Visual awareness 5. Auditory awareness 7. Tactile awareness 8. Vestibular awareness 9. Proprioceptive awareness
- 9. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Movement Variables MV Effort Space Relationships FORCE LEVELS OBJECTS strong high/med/low over/under light between/among/around TIME DIRECTIONS/ PATH BODY PARTS fast forward/backward narrow slow diagonal wide sustained zig zag curved FLOW RANGES PEOPLE free self-space mirror/matching bound general space partners/solo
- 10. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Body Awareness An ability to Identify Body Parts and Functions
- 11. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Directional Awareness An ability to identify directions in relation to the body and external environment. •Directionality •Laterality
- 12. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Spatial Awareness The ability to properly orient your body effectively and efficiently within a given amount of space
- 13. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Spatial Awareness Drills and Games 1. Airplanes: Move around the space with arms straight out to the side. Avoid contact with other airplanes without dropping the arms. 2. Bi-Planes: Form a plane with a partner. 3. Helicopters: Move around the space while spinning 4. Airplanes and clouds: 1/3 of children on floor, legs up. Attempt to tag airplanes as they move. Once tagged, airplanes become clouds.
- 14. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Temporal Awareness The ability to establish internal timing to sequence and synchronize movement
- 15. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Temporal Awareness Games and Drills 1. Movin’ to the beat: Perform the movement in time with the beat. 2. Gear runs- 1st gear- walk, 2nd gear jog, 3rd gear run, 4th gear sprint.
- 16. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Visual Awareness An ability to smoothly focus, track, and follow objects of varying sizes at varying speeds.
- 17. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Visual Awareness Games and Drills 1. Partner Tracking Tag: 1 partner lines up behind another. Partner behind moves hands in the first partner’s periphery and the first partner attempts to track and tag them. 2. Partner Cross-tracking tag: First partner must tag with opposite side hand. 3. Partner Periphery Tag: Partner behind stays in 1st partner’s periphery. 1st partner must keep eyes forward.
- 18. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Vestibular Awareness The ability to establish orientation of the head and body with gravity using feedback about direction and acceleration.
- 19. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Vestibular Awareness Games and Drills 1. Spinning Tops: Spin in the specified direction for the specified number of times, then stand on one leg. 1. Log Roll Bonanza: Perform the specified movement in the specified direction. When the instructor points “down” drop and log roll in the opposite direction. When the instructor points “up” come up to the feet and continue the movement in the opposite direction of the roll.
- 20. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Auditory Awareness The ability to detect, filter, and comprehend direct and indirect sound.
- 21. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Tactile Awareness An ability to interpret sensory feedback from touch.
- 22. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Proprioceptive Awareness Joint position feedback
- 23. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Assessing The Perceptual Motor Skills Qualitative Scoring system - 1- A developmental detriment - 2- Below developmental level - 3- At developmental level - 4- Above developmental level
- 24. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Programming PMS Integrate all PMS into daily programming - Warm-ups - Circuits - Games - Skill work Apply movement variables
- 25. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Key Take-Aways • Physical literacy and coordination are skills that can be “built,” assessed, progressed, or regressed. • Understanding the developmental continuum can aid educators in programming the right skills at the right time. • Understanding teaching/coaching strategy can aid in more engaged, excited, and happy learners.
- 26. © 2015 IDEA Health & Fitness Association. All Rights Reserved. www.ideafit.com #ideaworld Thanks! www.spiderfitkids.com Spiderfit Kids on Facebook
Editor's Notes
- Create life-long movers by understanding the significance and process of developing the skills of physical literacy “Build” physical literacy “block by block” using the SPIDER F.A.S.T. physical development system Increase kids’ participation and enthusiasm for exercise with a variety of teaching and attention management strategies to increase engagement, fun, and learning Asses, program, and play with purpose by identifying and evaluating critical movement benchmarks
- Body awareness is simply an understanding of what the various parts of the body are and what they can do. Body awareness also deals with how each body part relates to the other as well as the natural, opposing limb movement patterns, and how to effectively move the body to accomplish a task. Improved body awareness translates to an ability to react quickly with the whole body or a specific body part in any situation. Often a child who has slow reactions when trying to avoid getting tagged, or hitting or catching a ball simply hasn’t made a connection between what every body part is and how it moves. Rather than focusing on “speed” and “reactive” agility drills, start with basic body awareness activities and the rest will follow!
- We’ve all seen the child (or have been the child) who is on the playing field or court and simply seems lost. He’s often facing the wrong direction and turning or running the wrong way. He also may be tagged as being “slow” simply because he is not comfortable moving in all planes of motion. So, for instance, rather than taking the optimal path that might require spins, diagonal movements, or direction changes, he may move in the easiest or most familiar directions to a ball, teammate, or opponent. This child often ends up getting labeled as slow, uncoordinated or just not good at sports. The problem, however, may be a lack of directional awareness in relation to objects (goal posts, side lines, balls) and to people (opponents and teammates). By helping him relate to his internal sense of the right and left sides of his body as well as the external sense of moving in all directions and where he is in relation to his local environment, his overall “game” sense and coordination will improve.
- Spatial awareness refers to a child’s ability to understand how his or her body is oriented in space and the amount of space it occupies. It specifically relates to a child’s understanding of personal space (how much space his or her body occupies), the general space indoors or outdoors, and restricted spaces, where the child must remain within specific boundaries. The development of spatial awareness involves an ability to understand relationships with other people and objects as well as being able to locate objects in relation to other objects. Subjective localization develops first; it is the ability to relate objects, or other people in space to one’s own body, such as determining whether it’s necessary to turn sideways to fit between two chairs, or slide between defenders in a game, for example Objective localization develops next; it is the ability to relate objects in space to other objects, such as determining whether one object would fit inside another, for example In a game situation such as soccer, a child without a good sense of spatial awareness may not know if he has enough space to slide between two defenders or if he has the room to pass a ball safely to a teammate. After taking a tumble on the tennis court or basketball court a child with spatial awareness issues may not know where he is in relation to the net or basket, opponent or teammates. This lost time results in lost points, and possible long-term discouragement with sports.
- Temporal awareness refers to the development of internal timing. When temporal awareness is well developed, children are able to properly sequence and synchronize movements with a sense of rhythm. Eye-hand and eye-foot coordination are the result of proficiency in temporal awareness (Gallahue, p. 116). With the development of temporal awareness, children begin to differentiate regular and irregular rhythms, long and short time intervals and fast and slow stepping. This helps develop the ability to adapt to the changing rhythmic environments of sports and other physical activities. Bad timing and poor rhythm are often the culprits when kids seem to be “slow” in a game, drop a catch, or miss hit a ball while playing tennis. When kids have good timing and rhythm their movements are smoother and more efficient. This translates to being “functionally” faster, even if they don’t have the raw speed of other kids. In sports, we often see this in children that despite not being the fastest on the team, always seem to get the rebound, be in the right place for the next shot, or anticipate an opponent well. It also means that they are more accurate when trying to intercept a ball or avoid a tackle, for example. Additionally, when some kids always seem to get winded easily, it may not be that they have poor endurance; it could be that they have less efficient movements with more energy leaks due to poor temporal awareness skills, such as timing and rhythm. Even world class Olympic Sprinters practice “rhythm” drills every day!
- Visual awareness refers to the ability to: Focus or fixate on a target Quickly and accurately switch focus to various targets Smoothly track and follow objects of various sizes and at varying speeds Maintain a central focus and take in images or movements on the sides, known as peripheral vision React quickly and smoothly to visual signals Poor visual awareness skills are often the culprit when a child seems uncoordinated and always “strikes out,” or when a child struggles with reading fluency and comprehension. Being able to focus or concentrate on an object or person for an extended period of time or track objects without distraction, such as a tracking the ball while playing tennis, translates directly to better eye-hand or eye-foot coordination. Besides improving visual tracking and eye-hand/ eye-foot coordination, the development of visual awareness also results in kids being more aware of their general surroundings. This gives them a better “sense of the field or court” when playing sports as they seem to know where their opponents and teammates are all the time, even when they don’t see them! Ironically, the “no look pass” in basketball, made famous by Magic Johnson is, in part, possible because of a very well developed visual awareness sense. Good visual tracking and awareness also improve reading skills and comprehension. The ability to properly track words on a page or screen helps to avoid skipping words or lines, or mixing up letters (as is seen with dyslexia).
- Last to develop Girls better Parks and amusement parks are vestibular playgrounds! Located deep within each ear, the vestibular system consists of three fluid-filled semi-circular canals, and the utricle and saccule; as well as the vestibular nuclei in the brainstem. This entire complex is crucial in the control of balance and the maintenance of postural positions, sending a steady stream of information about the positioning of the limbs, head, and eyes (Gambetta, 2007, p. 147). The vestibular system basically has three main jobs to do: Give you feedback about the position of your head in relation to the ground – This is possible because the three semicircular canals in both ears are positioned at 90-degree angles to each other, which allows for accurate information about where your head is relative to those angles when it rotates. Give you feedback about the direction your body is moving – The utricle and saccule are responsible for sensing body movements relative to gravity and sending information about vertical and linear motion and acceleration, such as moving up and down, or forward and backward. (http://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Vestibular_System_and_Illusions_(OGHFA_BN) Allows your eyes to stabilize images when your head is moving – Vestibular awareness is directly related to visual awareness via the vestibulo-ocular reflex, which allows the eyes to stabilize images, even when the head and body is moving.
- Being able to distinguish what is too much or too little, and what is important to listen for, comes from having a good frame of reference and practice with various sounds and auditory signals, along with knowing the appropriate actions to take for each. Sometimes, “not listening,” “not paying attention,” or “not following directions” is not so much a defiant act, as it is a result of unsuccessful auditory processing, being over or under-stimulated, or being unaware and “tuned out” to auditory cues. Auditory awareness refers to the ability to appropriately respond to sounds that are either direct, such as directions from a teacher, coach, or fellow athlete; or indirect, such as the sound of a car’s engine, footsteps, breathing patterns, or other body movements; and the ability to quickly and accurately discriminate and interpret them for an appropriate response. It is often just as important to be able to tune out sounds that are unimportant to us as it is to selectively zero in on the sounds that we need to be aware of. Improving auditory awareness helps make this distinction and practice easier. By focusing on auditory awareness, kids can increase their ability to get the “athletic edge” by sensing things they may not see, such as an opponent coming up behind them to steal the ball or take them down. RIGHT EAR DOMINANCE: Research has shown that the right ear, which processes sound in the left hemisphere of the brain, is responsible for distinguishing the sounds of consonant letters in speech. The consonants typically have higher pitched frequencies than background noise or music (M. Tervaniemi, K. Hugdahl / Brain Research Reviews 43 (2003) 231–246). Most people are right ear dominant, which is important in allowing us to understand what someone is saying in a noisy environment. According to the S.M.A.R.T. Curriculum Guide (2007), stimulating the right ear can lead to improved auditory processing.
- Blind people part of brain that processed vision took over touch Tactile awareness simply refers to the sense of touch. In regards to objects, the sense of touch helps us judge size, shape, temperature, and texture. In any situation involving contact with another person, such as in contact sports or dance, every part of the body can be used to sense the amount and rate of pressure. This allows for an appropriate response whether it is competitive, as in countering a move in wrestling, or cooperative, as in following a lead in a partner or group dance. Pioneering occupational therapist Dr. A. Jean Ayres, considered tactile perception the most important ability in successful motor planning (the ability to direct the limbs or body to perform a skilled or new motor task) (Ayres, 1963). A well-developed tactile sense is seen as a necessary precursor to the ability to perform any skilled motor task. Ayres emphasized that, “It seems that the continuous flow of tactile sensations, if meaningful, lay down in the brain the body scheme upon which all future motor planning is based.” (p. 111). Normalizing tactile function may also help with common disorders seen in school children such as hyperactivity, distractibility, and aggressive behavior. Ayers points out that the developmental primacy of tactile awareness becomes more evident in light of the fact that this sense serves as a message of danger and prepares a person for the fight or flight response. Dysfunction in this sense therefore may lead to the over-alertness of distractibility, the “flight” response of hyperactivity, and the tendency to act out aggressively with a “fight” response (p. 114).
- Proprioceptive (kinesthetic) awareness specifically refers to sensors embedded in the muscles, joints, ligaments, and tendons. The proprioceptive sensors give feedback to the body about the position of the joints in space and in relation to each other. Proprioception also gives us feedback about how the body is moving – whether fast or slow, forward, backward, or laterally. Development of good proprioception is what allows kids the ability to know how much pressure to apply to move their own body, another person or an object. Whether they are tracking an opponent in sports, or dancing with a group or a partner they need accurate feedback to their joints to know how to respond. Vern Gambetta, refers to proprioception as “… the guidance system, essentially a gyroscope that puts the body and parts of the body in position to execute a skill.”
- 1- A developmental detriment (outsource) 2- Below developmental level (inability to adapt over time) 3- At developmental level (not perfect, but adequate) 4- Above developmental level (Must be taught)